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    940 research outputs found

    Aprendizaje normativo sistémico. Una reformulación de la teoría funcional de la moral de Niklas Luhmann

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    La presente investigación pretende interrogar la teoría de la moral que Niklas Luhmann desarrolló tomando como punto de partida las corrientes contemporáneas de la sociología de la moral. Mientras la sociología contemporánea parece concebir la moral alejada tanto del paradigma weberiano como durkhemiano, la sociología luhmanniana volvía a concebirla de acuerdo a premisas y supuestos clásicos. Ella representa el caso más extremo de la separación entre normas y operaciones sociales, entre normas y hechos, al punto de privar de toda relevancia funcional a la moral

    Corporate dividend policy: Dividend smoothing. Evidence for dividend signaling and reputation

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    En 1961 Miller y Modigliani demostraron que la política de dividendos es irrelevante para el valor de una firma, cuando los mercados son perfectos y la política de inversión se mantiene constante. Sin embargo, los mercados de capitales distan de ser perfectos y la evidencia empírica definitivamente sugiere que la política de dividendos es relevante para los administradores de empresas y para los inversionistas (Lintner, 1956; Brav et al., 2005). La política de dividendos de una corporación exhibe claras tendencias. En particular, los dividendos son suavizados en el tiempo (“smoothed”) y rara vez disminuidos. Si bien esta persistencia en los dividendos es un hecho estilizado bien documentado (Fama and Babiak, 1968; Brav et al., 2005; Leary and Michaely, 2011; Javakhadze et al., 2014)), el mecanismo económico que justifica este comportamiento no es aún bien entendido (Baker et al., 2015). Esta investigación pretende evaluar empíricamente las teorías que explican por qué las empresas suavizan sus dividendos y los asumen como compromisos. Lo anterior, bajo el marco de dos situaciones particulares: (i) Considerando la clara tendencia hacia las recompras de acciones como mecanismo alternativo de reparto (Skinner, 2008; Von Eije et al., 2008). (ii) El caso de países con política mínima de distribución de dividendos

    Essays in financial accounting disclosure

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    This paper proposes that the readability of financial reports can act as a signaling device used by firms that report their performance truthfully to distinguish themselves from those that have manipulated earnings. The signal is credible because manipulators cannot provide a clear financial report without bearing the risk of being identified as such. To test these ideas, we empirically evaluate the effect of report readability on the post-filling stock price volatility among a pool of suspicious firms that barely meet or just beat last years’ earnings. Consistent with the signaling effect, we find that readability enhances stock price convergence to fundamental values among this set of firms, and this effect is stronger when the screening cost for investors is higher

    Cátedra Friedrich von Hayek.

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    Para profundizar las ideas de Friedrich von Hayek-uno de los pensadores más influyentes del siglo XX, se origina esta cátedra dirigida por Axel Kaiser, Doctor en Filosofía de la Universidad de Heidelberg y primer latinoamericano en obtener el primer lugar en el Hayek Essay Contest de la Sociead Mont Pelerin. Friedrich von Hayek es considerado por partidarios y detractores como uno de los críticos más efectivos que ha encontrado el socialismo, sus contribuciones académicas abarcan, desde la psicología teórica, pasando por la filosofía política y la historia de las ideas, hasta la teoría económica. Video: Charla, del año 2018, dictada por el señor John Tomasi, filósofo político de la Universidad de Brown, acompañado del profesor Axel Kaiser de la Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez

    Pensar con libertad

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    Resumen: Palabras del rector. -- Nuestra misión. -- La Universidad. -- Acreditaciones. -- Pregrado. -- Magíster en especialidad. -- La investigación es una área fundamental de la UAI. -- Doctorados. -- Movilidad internacional de estudiantes. -- Redes globales de investigación. -- Asuntos de interés público. -- Innovación, emprendimiento y transferencia tecnológica. -- Arte, cultura y patrimonio. -- Servicios a la comunidad. -- Educación continua. -- Presencia UAI en los medios. -- Alumni UAI

    Conferencia de Mario Vargas Llosa : Artes Liberales, Literatura y Libertad.

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    Ceremonia de incorporación del escritor, peruano, Premio Nobel de Literatura, Mario Vargas Llosa como Miembro Académico Honorario de la Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez. Esta ceremonia se llevó a cabo en mayo del 2018 en el auditorio del Campus Peñalolén con la presencia del rector de la Universidad Adolfo Ibañez Harald Beyer, el presidente de la Junta Directiva de la Universidad Adolfo Ibañez y el decano de la Facultad de Artes Liberales Francisco Cobarrubias. En el video se pueden apreciar las palabras de agradecimiento del escritor, político y crítico peruano por el reconocimiento otorgado.

    Conferencia Mario Vargas Llosa

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    Discurso pronunciado en el auditorio de la Universidad Adolfo Ibañez el 3 de mayo de 2018, por Mario Vargas Llosa en su nombramiento como miembro académico honorario de la Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez

    Ceremonia de entrega archivo y biblioteca personal del escritor Jorge Edwards.

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    Ceremonia de donación y entrega del archivo y biblioteca personal del escritor Jorge Edwards, premio nacional de literatura y premio Cervantes. Esta donación realizada a la Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez. gracias a la gestión de la Facultad de Artes Liberales constituye un gran desafío y una gran oportunidad para la Universidad y Bibliotecas UAI. La ceremonia se llevó a cabo en el auditorio del Campus Peñalolén, en agosto de 2018. El material audiovisual cuenta con la aparición de: Harald Beyer Rector de la institución, Francisco José Covarrubias Decano Facultad de Artes Liberales, Jorge Edwards Valdés, entre otros. Incluye, además, fotografías de la ceremonia y una nota de prensa de la Universidad

    Essays on Empirical Corporate Finance

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    This paper examines how the intensity of the Mandatory Financial Disclosure Regulation at the country-industry level can affect the precautionary cash policy of private firms. Cash holding provides a downside protection against the cash-shortfall risk. Mandated disclosures of industrypeers generate an industry-wide reduction on the cost of capital, and through this, reduce the cost of holding cash for precautionary reasons. At the same time, the set of mandated disclosures constitutes a source of learning about industry economic trends, increasing the firms’ accuracy in their cash-shortfall risk assessments. The lower uncertainty generated by the set of mandated disclosure reduces the incentive for holding precautionary cash. Using firm-size based mandatory disclosure regulations for private firms of 12 European countries, I test which effect predominates. I find that private firms hold less cash when they operate in industries with a higher proportion of firms mandated to disclose full financial statements and that this negative relation is stronger in industries with a higher cash-shortfall risk. In the within-industry analysis, I find that the cash reduction is stronger in younger and more labor-intensive competitors, suggesting that these types of firm benefit more from the uncertainty reduction generated by peers’ mandated disclosures due to their relative shorter business experience and higher adjustment cost. Overall, the findings in this paper contribute to the open debate regarding the role of Mandatory Financial Disclosure Regulation of private firms in the socially desirable level of disclosure transparenc

    “Modeling of Plant Responses to the Environment Through Gene Regulatory Networks Inference”

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    The huge data sets in biology, mainly due to the exponential development of high-throughput technologies and the growing computational power, represent a big challenge, usually not related with the acquisition of the data, but with the subsequent activities such as data processing, analysis, knowledge generation and getting insights for the research questions of interest. In such a sense, the approach of inferring gene regulatory networks (GRNs) has contributed importantly to understand functioning of living organisms. Because of the global population increment and climate change pose a challenge to worldwide crop production, there is a need to intensify agricultural production in a sustainable manner and to find solutions to combat abiotic stress, pathogens and pests. How plants respond to environmental changes, and how such knowledge could engender new technologies, for example, to increase crop yields, are issues that could be addressed using GRNs. Additionally, beneficial plant-microbe interactions represent a promising sustainable solution to improve agricultural production, therefore the study of such interactions becomes relevant. The research described in this thesis attempts to model plant responses to environmental changes, specifically salinity and pathogens, through GRNs inference. For the GRNs inference different evolutionary algorithms were utilized and the mathematical model used to represents the GRNs were threshold Boolean networks. The first chapter of this thesis addresses the theoretical framework, the study model and the objectives. The second chapter of this thesis described and characterized for the first time the mechanism used by the well-known beneficial bacterium Paraburkholderia 5 phytofirmans PsJN to protect Arabidopsis thaliana plants against a common pathogenic bacterium (Pseudomonas syringae DC3000). Results at the phenotypic, biochemical and transcriptional level were published and constitutes a contribution to the development and application of biopesticides based on beneficial bacteria. The third chapter further explores the regulatory mechanism of the defense response and induced systemic resistance (ISR), triggered by strain PsJN in Arabidopsis. To achieve this, a GRN underling ISR response was inferred using empirical time-series data of certain defense-related genes, differential evolution algorithm and threshold Boolean networks. The fourth chapter tackles the study of ISR response from a genome-wide point of view. A transcriptomic analysis was performed to understand global changes in gene expression of plants primed by strain PsJN and infected with P. syringae DC3000, in contrast with non-primed plants. The fifth and final chapter aimed at inferring a GRN involved in the underlying salt stress response in Arabidopsis plants using transcriptomic time-series data, genetic algorithms and threshold Boolean networks to better understand the regulatory process under saline growth conditions with the final goal of developing crops with enhanced tolerance to this important environmental threa

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