Journal of Accounting, Finance, Economics, and Social Sciences
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The Impact of IFRS 9 on Commercial Banks’ Performance: Evidence from Cambodia
Get PDFFollowing the criticism directed at IAS 39, the IASB issued a standard for financial instruments IFRS 9. This study sheds light on the impact of applying this new standard on Cambodian commercial banks’ financial performance. Using ROA and ROE as proxies of financial performance of banks and employing data manually extracted from the annual reports of Cambodian commercial banks, we analyze the impact of adopting IFRS 9 and some bank specific characteristics based on a sample of 152 bank-year observations from 2014 to 2021 to compare the financial performance of these banks before and after applying IFRS 9. The practical outcomes of the regression analysis signified that the implementation of IFRS 9 has a significant and negative influence on the financial performance of Cambodian commercial banks. The results of this study provide useful explanations which are helpful to regulators and standard setters on how banks’ performance is affected by the implementation of this new standard. This study is expected to make significant contributions to the body of literature as it is one of the first studies to examine this issue in Cambodia and it provides new evidence about the effect of this new standard on the performance of commercial banks in emerging countries
Does Applying IFRS 15 Affect the Quality of Earnings of Cambodian-Listed Companies?
Get PDFIn May 2014, the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued a joint standard, which is international financial reporting standard no.15 (IFRS 15), entitled “Revenue from contracts with customers.” This research aims to identify the new standard, illustrate the new recognition model, and determine the impact of measuring revenues following IFRS 15 on the quality of earnings. A quantitative research approach is used, and the absolute value of discretionary accruals and earnings aggressiveness are utilized as proxies for the quality of earnings. The research sample includes three Cambodian-listed companies with 24 firm-year observations over eight years from 2014 to 2021. The study reveals a statistically significant negative effect of the application of IFRS 15 on the quality of earnings of Cambodian-listed companies. The research represents an extension of the previous studies concerned with studying and analyzing the impact of IFRS 15 on the quality of financial statements. It also adds to these studies as there is a lack of quantitative evidence of this new standard’s economic effects after its application date. This study aids professional bodies in determining the impact of adopting international accounting standards on the quality of financial reports of companies in such emerging economies as Cambodia
Use of Game-Based Learning Tools in Management Classes: Students’ Perception and Effects on Their Academic Performance
Get PDFThe game-based learning tool Kahoot promoted an interactive teaching methodology and was found to work best in enhancing students’ motivation and participation. The present study evaluated whether Kahoot improves not only students’ motivation, participation, and academic performance. The study participants were two cohorts of accounting students who studied at CamEd Business School in Cambodia in different semesters. Cohort 1 attended fully online classes, and Cohort 2 attended hybrid courses. The perception survey showed that both groups liked Kahoot activities. It increases class attendance and motivates students to engage in class. However, on the perceived advantages of Kahoot, the cohorts’ perceptions differ significantly, with Cohort 1 being very satisfied while Cohort 2 was satisfied. The analysis of the student’s exam scores showed that their English proficiency contributed 5 percent and 9 percent, respectively, to the variation of the Kahoot scores of the two cohorts. Further, analysis of the correlation results showed that Kahoot scores accounted for 36 percent of the variability in quiz scores, 7 percent in mid-term exam scores, and 1 percent in the final exam scores of Cohort 1. For Cohort 2, Kahoot scores accounted for 52 percent of the variability in quiz scores, 23 percent in mid-term exam scores, and 15 percent in the final exam scores. Considering the timeline when the respondents took the quiz, mid-term and final exams, it is concluded that Kahoot reviews effectively improved exam scores within the short span after the review. The effectiveness, however, wanes after the lapse of time and may not support long-term retention of the lessons
The Effect of Fiscal Policy on Inflation Rate in Cambodia
Get PDFA reduced-form VAR model was employed to investigate the inter-relationship between three macroeconomic indicators, consumer price index, nominal exchange rate, and government expenditure. The estimated result of the forecast error variance decomposition indicated that the variation of inflation rates over the period of the study was mainly caused by the variation of itself about 96 percent in the short-run and reduced to around 81.31 percent in the long-run. This claimed that the price was sticky in Cambodia. In the short-run, the percentage change of exchange rate caused no more than 5 percent change of the variation of inflation rate, but the effect was predicted to be two and haft folds in the long run. The variation of inflation rate caused by the percentage change of government expenditure was no greater than 6 percent considered as low as compared to the percentage change of exchange rate. The estimated result of the impulse response function indicated that fiscal expansionary had a positive and negative effect on inflation rate in the short and long run, respectively
The Role of Audit Committee in Enhancing External Audit during COVID-19 Pandemic to Meet Stakeholders’ Needs
Get PDFIn addition to being a significant business interrupter for many entities, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has created significant financial reporting implications for many companies around the globe. This paper is conceptual in nature and seeks to gain a better understanding of the effectiveness of audit committee in enhancing external audit quality to meeting stakeholders need, especially during the period of COVID-19 pandemic and provides key areas for audit committees oversight duties during challenging time caused by the pandemic. The last decade has been rich in academic insights on how audit committee can enhance the effectiveness of external audit in meeting stakeholders needs. Our paper offers a review of the related literature on this topic and discusses the main attributes that would be needed in enhancing the role of audit committee during challenging times caused by external factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This review is organized around three major issues, identified in relation to COVID-19 effects on corporate reporting, audit committees and stakeholders needs in the time of pandemic and the role of audit committees in enhancing external audit at the time of COVID-19 pandemic. This paper has implication for company’s audit committee, board of directors, accounting firms and academician on how audit committee roles can enhance external audit during COVID-19 pandemic to meet stakeholders’ needs
The Past, Present and Future of Measuring Customer Satisfaction with Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
Get PDFThis article briefly sketches the evolution of Customer Satisfaction (C-Sat) measurements from a historical point of view and contributes to the future discussion from both academic and practitioner point of views. Firstly, this article argues that traditional methods of measuring C-Sat do not adequately meet current business needs. Secondly, this article suggests that Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) tools and algorithms are capable of complementing or even replacing traditional C-Sat measurements and are even able to help predicting C-Sat before customers themselves enter a transaction. A global managerial survey confirms these propositions
The Past, Present, and Future of Management Consulting: Findings from A Global Survey
Get PDFThis article summarizes the developments in Management Consulting (MC) over the last century and explores several questions frequently appearing in MC research: Does MC add value? Does MC accelerate innovation? How digitization and advanced technologies will impact MC? What is the level of trust that business professionals put in MC? Although research questions are derived mainly from scholarly research, answers are sought from a managerial point of view based on a global survey with 122 participants. Results showed a positive tendency about MC among participants, where consultants are slightly more optimistic about their influence; also, the impact of advanced technologies, such as AI, on MC is confirmed, possibly explaining the high growth rate of technology-driven consulting over the last few years
The Influence of Facebook Apps and Activities on Purchase Intention: The Evidence from Cambodian Consumers
Get PDFFacebook has been widely used as a marketing tool for online businesses in Cambodia. It has been utilized by business owners to create relationships with customers and build trust between business owners or retailers and their customers. This study aims to examine the most important Facebook features and activities that influence consumers’ purchase intentions as well as the relationship between those factors and their purchase decisions. The data in this study was obtained from an online survey of 407 respondents in Cambodia who have had an experience buying products and services via Facebook online stores. The results indicated that sharing is the most important factor which influences consumers’ decision on buying products and services and influences the future consumers’ purchase decision. The other important factors are positive comments, number of likes, and friends’ likes. However, location check-in does not have a significant impact on the consumers’ purchase intention. These findings may contribute to online business owners’ or retailers’ insight of Facebook features with activities so that they can well strategize to maximize their online sales on the Facebook platform
Cloud Adoption in Accounting Information Systems in Asia & SOC 2® Report – An Empirical Study on Industry’s Perspective
Get PDFMany business and technology organizations see cloud adoption and migrating existing systems to the cloud as an accelerator of digital transformation. The benefits of cloud adoption are perceived as increased scalability and cost reduction. At the same time, there are concerns about whether the information on cloud-based systems is secure and whether the privacy of the data in a cloud environment is at risk. This research brings out the industry’s perspective, both from an end-user perspective as well as IT transformation and IT procurement decision makers of accounting information systems and enterprise resource planning systems in Asia geography, on the preference for cloud-based or on-premise systems, top enablers for cloud adoption and importance of SOC 2® as an assurance for information security and data privacy concerns. The findings of this research indicate that decision-makers for IT transformation and IT procurement prefer cloud-based accounting information systems and enterprise resource planning systems over on-premise systems. Scalability, cost reduction, business agility, business continuity and disaster recovery, and enhanced collaboration are top enablers for cloud adoption. This research also indicates that the SOC 2® report is increasingly seen to address information security and data privacy concerns
Do Belt and Road Countries Promote Global Value Chains?
Get PDFIn order to strengthen the partnership both economically and politically among countries in the region, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) was introduced and implemented since 2013 by the People Republic of China. The main purpose of this policy is to provide the financial aids to the member states to develop necessary fundamental infrastructures such as roads, bridges, highways, railways, hydro dam and develop other sectors. Such an investment is vital to the member states to build their capacity to increase and strengthen their domestic production, especially encourage exporting the products to foreign markets. Moreover, BRI also aims to connect the production chains among the member states to allow them to share technology and build a strong manufacturing foundation and strengthen the competitive advantage. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to understand how the BRI encourage and increase the Global Value Chains (GVCs) participation. The Probit model is adopted in this study to predict the propensity score and also used to compare the economic structure between the BR and Non-BR member states. Based on the Balancing test, the result shows that the economic structure of BR countries, known as the treatment group are not similar to the Non-BR countries or control group. Last but not least, the empirical results of Different-in-Different (DID) model has indicated in contrast that becoming the member state of the BRI does not encourage the GVCs. Despite BRI is implemented since 2013 until now, it does not encourage the GVCs participation, instead it decreases the GVCs participation. On the contrary, the FTA between China and other partners is the major factor that encourages the GVCs participation
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