University of Ibadan Journals
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EFFECT OF INQUIRY-BASED TEACHING STRATEGY ON JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS` PERFORMANCE IN MATHEMATICS IN ODOGBOLU LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OGUN STATE
No full textThe study investigated the effect of inquiry-based teaching strategy on junior secondary school students` performance in mathematics in Odogbolu Local Government Area of Ogun State. The study employed a pre-test, post-test, and non-random control group quasi-experimental research design. 100 (52 male and 48 female) junior secondary school students were the sample for the study, and three hypotheses were posted. A 20-item Mathematics Performance Test (MPT) was used to gather data. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean, and standard deviation, while inferential analysis of Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) at 0.05 level of significance. The results revealed that there was a significant effect of inquiry-based teaching strategy on students` academic performance in mathematics, no significant main effect of gender, and no two-way interaction effect on the students’ scores in mathematics. Based on these findings, the study recommended, among others, that there was a need for mathematics teachers to approach the teaching of mathematics with more innovative approaches, such as Inquiry-Based Strategy to develop students’ performance in the subject
ACHIEVING SUSTAINABILITY: STUDENTS PERCEPTION OF INSTITUTIONAL SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PRACTICES AMONG UNIVERSITIES IN SOUTHWEST NIGERIA
No full textThis study examined Nigerian universities commitment to sustainable institutional practices in line with universities sustainability implementation framework. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. All undergraduates in public (federal and state) and private universities in Southwest, Nigeria formed the population of the study. Stratified sampling was used to select 3 federal, 3 state and 3 private conventional universities in the six states of southwest Nigeria. Random sampling was used to select 250 students in each of the nine selected universities totaling 2,250 participants. A self-constructed instrument named “Universities Sustainable Development Institutional Practices Questionnaire” (USDIPQ) was administered on the respondents in the study. Data collected were analysed using frequency count, percentage score, mean and standard deviation. The decision rule was placed at 2.50 and it was recommended that Universities in Nigeria should develop a sustainable implementation plan and ensure that the plan puts into perspective the three components of sustainable development
ENROLLMENT PATTERN AND CLASSROOM SITUATION IN EDO STATE PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS
Get PDFThis study analysed the enrollment pattern and classroom situation in Edo State public primary schools from 2016-2020. To achieve this, four research questions were raised and answered. The simple descriptive survey research design was used. Two instruments, a checklist and a questionnaire were used to collect data for the study. The data collected were analysed, using frequency count, percentage and mean. The analysis revealed that: pupils’ enrollment in the schools was high and on the increase yearly; enrollment for gender was higher for male than for female; highest in grade level 1 and lowest in grade level 6. It was also found that the classroom situation was not conducive enough. Based on the findings, it was recommended that Edo State government should maintain the high enrollment level by ensuring that the UBE and Edo-BEST schemes are sustained, more classrooms be built and more furniture provided in all the schools
An Activity Ontology for the Conceptualization of Exploratory Software
Get PDFExploratory Software Testing (EST) permits testers to interact with a system based on knowledge, skill, creativity, expertise, inspiration, experience and intuition in order to find bugs/defects while ontology explicitly specifies the terms in a domain and the relationship between them. The limitation of EST experiences to individual testers and the inability to share the tester’s knowledge within the software organisation have resulted in conceptual ambiguities and a low reuse rate of EST knowledge. Therefore, this study develops a formal activity ontology for different EST knowledge in software organisations for uniform vocabulary and knowledge management. The ontology engineering approach was used in modelling the ontology. Elicitation of knowledge for EST was carried out in an experimental test environment using 150 testers. Through the use of DescriptionLogic, knowledge is transformed through knowledge formalization into a logical form (axioms). A web ontology language was used to implement the logical axioms. The EST ontology was evaluated with formulated competency questions that validated its correctness. It can be used as a reference model in software organisations as well as a knowledge base for software testers. It can also be reused by professionals in the domain of software testing
Spatio-temporal Analysis of the Pattern of Land-Use Change of Ife Natural Forest Reserve in Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Get PDFThis study examined the potential application of GIS to detect the spatial pattern of changes in forest land-cover over 33 years (1986 to 2019) using remote sensing data from Landsat Imagery captured. Supervised classification based on a minimal set of informative transition classes was followed. These are human settlements (built-up), cultivated land (Agriculture), Water (no data), forest and undisturbed forest. The study concluded that the natural forest has depleted to the tune of 2,012.71 hectares of land over the period. This implies that human activities in the forest region pose the threat of chasing the undisturbed forest into extinction with a replacement of planted fores
Back Propagation Neural Network and Chicken Swarm Optimization for Yoruba Indigenous Food Recognition
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Back Propagation Neural Networks (BPNNs) are widely used to model complex systems in a steady state.
However, BPNNs have a slow convergence rate. Several meta-heuristic algorithms have been used to speed up its convergence. Though, the modifications increased the number of parameters which affect the convergence rate, but more work needs to be done on BPNN in order to improve the performance of BPNN. This work introduced Chicken Swarm Optimization (CSO) technique to improve the performance of BPNNs in order to recognize Yoruba indigenous food. 1251 varieties of Yoruba indigenous foods such as Amala ogede, Iyan gbere, Puguru, Akara, Dele, Ekuru, Monu, Aseke, Abari, Sapala, and Egbo were prepared. The prepared foodswere captured using a digital camera and were digitalized. The digitalized foods were subjected to preprocessing using Image resizing, Morphological, Edge scaling, Histogram, normalization and Sobel edge. All images were subjected to feature extraction using Local Binary Pattern (LBP) and the feature vectors gotten were optimized with Chicken Swarm Optimization (CSO) algorithm. The result of the optimized parameters were classified using Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN). The recognition accuracy using BPNN yields 82.22 %, 87.59 %, 83.67 %, and 85.34 % for the four categories of food respectively, whereas BPNN-CSO yields 85.34 %, 91.90 %, 91.02 %, and 90.23 %, respectively. Sensitivity using BPNN yields 87.96%, 92.22%, 90.22%, 90.13% while BPNN-CSO delivers 90.13%, 97.78%, 97.74%, 96.71% respectively using recognition time and sensitivity standard term that are included in the result table. It was observed that, the recognition accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and false positive ratio values of BPNN-CSO gives improved performance result compared to BPNN
Animals’ Classification: A Review of Different Machine Learning Classifiers
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Animal classification has recently attracted wide interest from ecologist. There have been attempts in the literature to apply image recognition methods to classify animals. The diversity in animal species with their intricate intra-class variability and interclass similarities cannot be accurately represented by these existing algorithms, despite their promising results for image recognition. This article strives to classify animals based on their different unique attributes, rather than using image recognition. Accordingly, the article evaluates the classification abilities of a few machine learning (ML) tools, including support vector machines (SVM), Knearest neighbours (KNN), and decision trees (random forest (RF) and J48). The result was verified using the dataset taken from Irvine machine learning repository (University of California), which consists of 108 animals with 18 attributes. Besides, the performance of these ML tools was documented for different experimental conditions in terms of their classification accuracy (sensitivity) and classifier reliability (false discovery rate). The SVM classifier exhibits better false discovery rate and classification accuracy performance as compared to the KNN, J48, and RF classifiers. Yet, all of these ML tools can be deployed for real-time animal classification depending on end-user application requirements and formulations
SERVICE DELIVERY TO STUDENTS AT CAPE COAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, GHANA
Get PDFBureaucratic procedures have been found to have negative impact on services delivered to students. Bearing in mind the adverse effects of bureaucratic procedures in public services, this study used the descriptive research design and examined the nature of the services provided by authorities of the Cape Coast Technical University (CCTU). The census sampling procedure was used to include 390 students in five schools and 52 administrators of of Cape Coast Technical University. A 60-item and 62-item questionnaires were used for collecting data from students and administrators, respectively. Interviews were also conducted to obtain information from the respondents. The results revealed that, to large extent, the system for providing services to students was challenged by inadequate human and logistical capacity and as a result there were delays in service delivery. It is therefore recommended that the authorities of the Cape Coast Technical University should work with all the nine (9) administrative management principles of maintaining adequate operational capacity levels, effective use of resources, mounting development-oriented objectives, using modern equipment, encouraging worker-participation, implementing sectional accountability, assessing sectional transparency, motivating its staff and retention of experience workers
GOVERNMENT SUPPORT SERVICES AND TEACHER TASK PERFORMANCE IN OYO STATE PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS, NIGERIA
No full textThe quality of teacher task performance in Oyo State Secondary schools has become an issue of concern to policymakers and the society at large. Previous studies on teachers’ task performance had focused on job satisfaction, teacher workload, organisational and demographic factors, and leadership style, with no attention on the influence of government support services (welfare services, motivational strategies and career advancement programmes) on teachers’ task performance in Oyo State public secondary schools. Two research questions were raised and five hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study, while the multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select the samples. The sample for the study comprised of 78 principals and 1,189 teachers selected from secondary schools in the study area through a multistage sampling procedure involving proportional to size technique, simple random sampling technique and total enumeration technique. The data obtained were analysed using frequency counts, simple percentage, mean, standard deviation and Multiple Regression. The finding equally showed that the combination of all the independent variables also allowed reliable prediction of teachers’ task performance F(3,1150) =11.404, p< 0.05). Also, relative contributions of motivational strategies (ß =0.091), career advancement programme (ß =0.021) while welfare services (ß =-0.003) which was significant to teachers’ task performance. The study recommended among others that government should improve the level of secondary school teachers’ motivation by increasing salary so as to make them perform better on their jobs
JIG-SAW, BUZZ GROUP LEARNING STRATEGIES AND STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN BASIC SCIENCE IN ATIBA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, OYO STATE, NIGERIA
No full textThis study investigated firstly, the effect of jig-saw, buzz group, conventional learning strategies and students’ achievement, secondly, the moderating effect of gender of students on achievement in basic science. The study adopted a pretest-posttest, control group, quasiexperimental design. The participants consisted of 208 junior secondary school II students from Atiba local government area in Oyo State, Nigeria. Five instruments were validated for the study. Three hypotheses were tested at p ? 0.05 level of significance. Data collected were analyzed using inferential statistics of Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) and Bonferroni Post-hoc. The result revealed there was a significant main effect of treatment on students’ achievement in basic science, no significant main effect of gender on students’ achievement and that the interaction effect of treatment and gender on students’ achievement was not significant. It was therefore recommended that teachers should use the strategies above to improve the achievement in basic science teaching