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CREATION D’UNE FERME URBAINE SUR UNE FRICHE INDUSTRIELLE: Apport de différents composts sur les fonctionnalités du sol et le devenir des polluants
No full textInternational audienc
Enhancing photovoltaic panel efficiency through Water-Cooling: A parametric comparative evaluation of energetic, economic, and environmental benefits
No full textInternational audienceThe pressing need for more effective solar technology is highlighted by the global transition away from fossil fuels and toward renewable energy sources. Despite the enormous potential of photovoltaic (PV) panels, efficiency losses in high-temperature conditions limit their performance. The purpose of this study is to theoretically evaluate the energy, financial, and environmental advantages of different water-cooling techniques intended to improve the sustainability and operating efficiency of PV panels. In contrast to traditional research, this work quantifies increases in energy output, cost savings, and CO2 emission reductions across various cooling configurations by a thorough parametric analysis inside a single theoretical framework. To simulate how various water-cooling methods affect PV panel performance, a mathematical parametric model was created. Energy production, cost savings, and carbon footprint reduction were among the key performance metrics computed and compared for PV applications in relation to the consumption ratio R, which is defined as the ratio of the actual building load to the maximum PV power output, or the amount of energy consumed by the house from the PV panels. With an annual energy gain of 1354.10R kWh per panel, cost savings of 582.26R USD, and CO2 emission reductions of 785.37R kg, jet water impingement cooling (JWPV) outperformed the other technologies under evaluation. However, with energy gains of 1061.53R kWh, savings of 456.46R USD, and CO2 reductions of 615.68R kg, evaporative cooling (EPV) produced the least amount of improvement. These results highlight how important efficient cooling is to improving PV panel performance and developing sustainable solar energy solutions
2013 La Chine lance les nouvelles routes de la soie: Montée en puissance chinoise en Indonésie : le cas du nickel
No full textInternational audienceHaving become the "workshop of the world" since the 1980s, China is entering a new phase with the launch of the Belt and Road Initiative in 2013, which combines objectives of self-assertion on the international stage and support for the expansion of its major companies. The example of Indonesian nickel exploitation, an essential resource for China's electric vehicle industry, reveals the dark side of a development model that remains destructive and and antithetical to the stated objective of ecological transition.Devenue depuis les années 1980 l'« atelier du monde », la Chine passe à une nouvelle étape avec le lancement des « nouvelles routes de la soie », où se mêlent objectifs d'affirmation de soi sur la scène internationale et de soutien à l'expansion de ses grandes entreprises. L'exemple de l'exploitation du nickel indonésien, ressource indispensable à la filière chinoise des voitures électriques, montre le côté obscur d'un modèle de développement qui reste destructeur et inégalitaire pour les pays partenaires et antinomique avec l'objectif affiché de transition écologique
Mouldy area size and asthma symptom score and control in adults: the CONSTANCES cohort
No full textInternational audienceBackground: Studies on indoor mould contamination and asthma in adults are scarce, although there is evidence of deleterious effects on childhood asthma. Associations between different mould contamination indicators and asthma were investigated in adults from the largest French prospective population-based cohort.Methods: Participants completed standardized questionnaires: on visible mould and mouldy area size (0m2, spots, <0.2m2, [0.2m2-1 m2], ]1m2-3m2] or >3m2) in bathroom, kitchen, or main living quarters (living room, bedroom) in 2019, and on respiratory health (2019-2022). Associations between indoor mould with current asthma, asthma symptom score (sum of five respiratory symptoms in the last 12 months), and uncontrolled asthma (Asthma Control Test<20) were evaluated by zero-inflated negative binomial and logistic models adjusted for age, sex, smoking, education, dwelling type and French deprivation index. Sensitivity analyses: in subgroups, stratified by dwelling type or sex, and further adjustments for region, occupant-surface ratio, body mass index, occupant (owner/tenant) and rural/urban areas were performed.Findings: Analyses included 28,596 adults (mean age: 55 years old, 55% women, 70% living in houses, 24% reported at least one asthma symptom, 7.4% current asthma of whom 15.1% had uncontrolled asthma). Visible mould and mouldy area size>3m2 were reported by 21.2% and 0.3% of participants, respectively. Visible mould in dwelling was significantly associated with current asthma, asthma symptom score and uncontrolled asthma (OR and mean score ratio (MSR) around 1.40), stronger effect in the main living quarters. Mouldy area size was significantly associated with higher risk of current asthma (all ORs≥1.29, p-trend<0.001) and increased asthma symptom score (all MSRs≥1.32, p-trend<0.001). No heterogeneity was found by dwelling type or sex. Results were consistent across sensitivity analyses.Interpretation: Mouldy area size was associated with current asthma and asthma symptom score, even for small sizes, adding new insight of the associations between mould contamination and asthma in adults
Exploring microplastics sources in indoor environments, an emerging pollutant
No full textInternational audienc
Measurement of heat transfer and mixing enhancement by chaotic advection: Experimental methods
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Use of alkali-activated binder as an alternative for bio-based materials manufacturing
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Optimal Provisioning of Hybrid Service Function Chains with Guaranteed Disaster Resilience
No full textInternational audienceNetwork Function Virtualization (NFV) provides a flexible mechanism for deploying Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) within Service Function Chains (SFCs), thereby streamlining data transfers between end-users and edge/cloud resources. The distinct requirements for forward and backward traffic-each carrying different types of content-give rise to Hybrid SFCs (HSFCs), which must be carefully designed to address unique deployment and performance concerns. However, achieving robust disaster resilience in HSFC-based NFV environments poses significant challenges, as natural or hardwareinduced disruptions within Disaster Zones (DZs) can degrade service quality or even cause outages. This paper describes the Resilient Hybrid Service Function Chain Resource Optimization (R-HSFC-RO) approach to ensure both efficient resource utilization and sustained service delivery under disaster conditions. Our model considers bandwidth consumption, computational resource allocation for VNF execution, VNF instantiation overheads, and end-to-end latency requirements. For resolution, we propose a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model and Constraint Programming (CP), thereby enabling optimal solutions. Simulation results demonstrate that R-HSFC-RO reduces total costs by up to 50%, enhances disaster resilience, and maintains high operational efficiency
Thriving Through Synergy: Fostering a SOLAS Science Community Built on Equity, International Connections, and the Integration of Early Career Scientists
No full textInternational audienceThe Surface Ocean-Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) is a global research network dedicated to advancing coupled oceanographic and atmospheric science, a field that requires both interdisciplinary and globally distributed expertise. Since 2004, SOLAS has fostered an international interdisciplinary scientific community through coordinated science and capacity sharing activities. This paper outlines how SOLAS 3.0 (2026–2035) will build on this legacy by further prioritizing diversity, equity, and inclusion, and expanding and strengthening research at the ocean-atmosphere interface. SOLAS 3.0 new initiatives include a mentorship program, skill enhancement workshops, increasing access to resources, and a network of observation and training centers. By learning from past successes and challenges, SOLAS 3.0 aims to inspire scientists from around the world, as well as the next generation, to address complex transdisciplinary research and tackle present and future societal challenges in a truly global way