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The Prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorder in Iran: A Literature Review
No full textSTATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) will appear if there is a problem with the temporomandibular joint, bones, related muscles, or ligaments. This complication causes severe joint pain near the ears, head, neck, and jaws. TMD has been reported to affect 40 to 70 of adults. PURPOSE: Based on previous studies, the present review aimed to determine the prevalence of TMD among the Iranian population. MATERIALS AND METHOD: This review and meta-analysis was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. All relevant studies published during 2000-2023 were retrieved by a systematic search in available international databases, including Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar, and domestic Persian databases, including SID, Magiran, and Iran Medex. Finally, 22 completely related studies were selected to investigate the main objective. The Comprehensive Meta-analysis (CMA) software was used for data analysis in this systematic review. RESULTS: Initially, 212 articles were retrieved, of which 116 were duplicate studies. Further, 39 studies were excluded after evaluation of the title and abstract, and 35 studies were excluded after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, 22 articles were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of TMD in Iran was 0.56 (0.44-0.68). CONCLUSION: In general, the prevalence of TMD in the Iranian population is relatively high. Therefore, it is necessary to develop strategies to educate people, especially those at risk. Furthermore, due to the presence of TMD in children and students in some parts of the country, it is necessary to perform essential examinations in preschools to prevent the development of this disorder in later life
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter in Predicting the Neurological Outcomes of Cardiac Arrest Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
No full textINTRODUCTION: Previous studies have investigated different methods for estimating neurological outcomes after cardiac arrest. However, there is still much uncertainty about using optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurement as an indirect method for predicting neurological outcomes following cardiac arrest. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate the value of ONSD for predicting the neurological outcomes of cardiac arrest survivors. METHODS: We comprehensively performed a systematic search in three main electronic databases, including Scopus, Medline, and Web of Science Cochrane, from inception to August 2024. Based on the heterogeneity evaluation results, fixed or random effects models were used to estimate the pooled diagnostic parameters. Meta-regressions were performed for subgroup analysis. RESULTS: The pooled sensitivity and specificity of ONSD for predicting the neurological outcomes were 0.56 (95 CI, 0.35-0.74) and 0.92 (95 CI, 0.85-0.96), respectively. Meta-regression revealed that as the cutoff level of ONSD increases, the sensitivity significantly decreases (P < 0.01), while the specificity significantly increases (P = 0.01). Furthermore, meta-regression analysis revealed that ONSD measurement using CT scans is significantly associated with lower sensitivity and higher specificity compared to ultrasound (P = 0.009 and P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis showed that ONSD has low sensitivity and high specificity for predicting neurological outcomes in survivors of cardiac arrest. However, since the cut-off values and methods of ONSD measurement affect its predictive performance, further studies will be required to standardize these factors to achieve optimal predictive parameters
Correction: Decellularized skin pretreatment by monophosphoryl lipid A and lactobacillus casei supernatant accelerate skin recellularization
No full textAssociation of whole and refined grains food consumption with coronary artery disease in a multi-center, case-control study of Iranian adults: Iran Premature Coronary Artery Disease (IPAD)
No full textBACKGROUND AND AIMS: Low whole grain food consumption is the leading cause of coronary artery disease (CAD) burden in middle-East countries. However, investigations examining the association of whole and refined grain foods and CAD are scarce in this region. We aimed to investigate the association of whole and refined grain foods with CAD in Iranians with different ethnicities. METHODS AND RESULTS: This was a multi-center case-control study among Iranian ethnicities consisting of Fars, Azari, Kurd, Arab, Lor, Gilak, Qashqaei, and Bakhtiari within the framework of the Iran premature coronary artery disease (IPAD) project. The data were collected from hospitals with catheterization laboratories. Cases were 2099 patients with a stenosis >/=75 in at least one vessel or >/=50 in the left main artery. Control group were 1168 individuals with normal angiography test. Grains intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Compared with those with the lowest intake of whole grain foods, subjects in the top quartile had lower risk of CAD (OR = 0.54, 95 CI: 0.40, 0.72; P < 0.001) after full adjustment. However, a significant direct link was found between higher refined grain foods consumption and the risk of CAD (OR = 1.43, 95 CI: 0.91-1.84; P = 0.013). CONCLUSION: Our findings support dietary recommendations to increase whole grain foods and mitigating refined grain food consumption to reduce the risk of CAD and its severity
Stress Distribution Analysis in Bone Adjacent to Implant in Various Abutment-Implant Connection Designs Using Finite Element Analysis
No full textIntroduction: Natural teeth have a periodontal ligament with viscoelastic properties, while implants are connected to the bone with a strong connection and osseointegration; therefore, the stress on the adjacent bone of the implant and its prosthetic components is more than that of natural teeth. This study examines the connection (Morse different tapers) to find the most suitable length and Morse angle of the taper and the angle of applying the force on the tooth to create the least stress using finite element analysis. Materials and methods: Geometrical and 3D models of the mandible bone, implant, and its prosthetic components were made using engineering software and sizes of the Dio implant manufacturer. In this modeling, four types of connections with different lengths and tipping angles were designed, and then a constant force of 200 N was applied to them. Stress distribution was investigated in this experiment in 12 different conditions: two Morse taper lengths (1.3 mm and 2.6 mm), two Morse taper angles (11 degrees and 16 degrees), and three force application angles (0 degrees, 30 degrees, and 45 degrees). Results: By increasing the length of the Morse taper from 1.3 mm to 2.6 mm, the amount of stress in the bone adjacent to the implant and its prosthetic components is reduced. By increasing the tipping angle of the Morse taper from 11 degrees to 16 degrees, the amount of stress in the bone adjacent to the implant, the fixture, and the abutment decreases. Furthermore, by increasing the tipping angle of the morse from 11 degrees to 16 degrees the amount of stress in the implant screw increases. Increasing the angle of the force applied to the implant increases the amount of stress in the bone adjacent to the implant and its prosthetic components. Conclusion: The best Morse taper connection to create the least stress on the bone surrounding the implant and its prosthetic components is a long taper Morse with a length of 2.6 mm and a greater tipping angle (16 degrees), This stress is less at the vertical force application angle
Progressive hemorrhagic intracranial dermoid cyst: A case report with imaging and diagnostic considerations
No full textThis report describes the case of a 35-year-old woman with a recurrent ruptured intracranial dermoid cyst. These rare congenital lesions account for less than 1 of intracranial tumors globally. The patient was first diagnosed in her adolescence and underwent surgical excision with shunt placement at the age of 23, which provided symptom relief for 6 years. Her symptoms later recurred, including headaches, blurred vision, and progressive weakness. Imaging revealed a hemorrhagic lobulated mass that compressed the brainstem, encased vascular structures, caused a midline shift, and led to ventricular dilation. These findings suggested possible incomplete removal of the cyst wall during the initial surgery. This case highlights the challenges of diagnosing and managing recurrent intracranial dermoid cysts. It emphasizes the need for long-term monitoring, detailed imaging to assess recurrence and complications, and a multidisciplinary approach to treatment to improve outcomes
Bilateral optic neuritis as an atypical presentation of juvenile Behcet syndrome: A case report
No full textBehcet syndrome is a systemic vasculitis characterized by relapsing uveitis, oral aphthous, and genital ulcers. We present a rare case of a 14-year-old male with juvenile Behcet syndrome (JBS) presenting as bilateral optic neuritis with oral aphthous. Initial treatment with methylprednisolone did not improve the patient's condition. Serum plasmapheresis was performed, resulting in improved visual acuity and papillitis. The patient was discharged with azathioprine, which led to symptom regression. This case highlights the atypical neurologic presentation of JBS and the potential efficacy of plasma exchange in refractory cases
Co-delivery of dasatinib and miR-30a by liposomes targeting neuropilin-1 receptors for triple-negative breast cancer therapy
No full textCombinational therapy to treat triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) by concomitantly influencing different cellular pathways has attracted attention recently. In the present study, co-delivery of dasatinib and miR30a by means of CRGDK-targeted lipopolyplexes was conducted to enhance the inhibition of cell proliferation and migration. For this purpose, we condensed the cationic copolymer poly(1-vinylimidazole-co-2-aminoethyl methacrylate) with miR-30a to form polyplexes. Next, the polyplexes and dasatinib were loaded in targeted liposomes via a thin-film hydration method to form final lipopolyplexes. Physicochemical properties of the nano-carriers were evaluated, and their influence on cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, cell migration, apoptosis induction, and Notch-1 mRNA levels as well as their transfection efficiency were assessed in the MDA-MB-231 cell line. Targeted dasatinib-loaded lipopolyplexes exhibited superior cell proliferation and migration inhibition and cellular uptake than dasatinib, polyplexes and non-targeted lipopolyplexes. Moreover, in comparison with non-targeted lipopolyplexes and polyplexes, targeted lipopolyplexes significantly transfected MDA-MB-231 cells and downregulated Notch-1 mRNA
The immune cells profiles of individuals with sulfur mustard-induced serious long-term respiratory complications
No full textSulfur mustard (SM) induced pulmonary disorder is a heterogeneous disease characterized by uncontrolled inflammatory immune responses. In this cross-sectional study carried out in Isfahan-Iran, our objective was to thoroughly evaluate the clinical health and peripheral blood leukocyte profiles of adult veterans exposed to SM 25-30 years. In total, 361 people were studied in two groups, 287 chemical veterans with pulmonary complications and 64 healthy individuals as a control group. The participants underwent a comprehensive lung evaluation, including physical examination, Pulmonary Assessment, and Spirometry Assessment. Blood samples were collected in EDTA-treated tubes and flow cytometry analysis was employed to study different population of leukocytes including lymphocytes, monocytes, and natural killer cells. In our results, SM-exposed patients showed a significant increase in mean WBC and lymphocyte absolute count. However, the frequency of CD14+ monocytes and CD3+ CD4+ CD25+(Hi) as regulatory T cell subsets significantly decreased in SM-exposed patients. In addition, there was a negative correlation between CD45+ CD14+ cells and residual volume (RV). The population of NK cells showed a negative correlation with forced expiratory volume in the first one second to the forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC). On the other hand, the percentage of CD19+ B cells positively correlated with Mid-maximum expiratory flow (MMEF) rate, ppm Reading, Carboxyhemoglobin (CoHb), and FEV1, and it was negatively correlated with airway resistance (RAW). Evaluation of CD3+ CD8+ cytotoxic T cells frequency negatively correlated with CoHb, ppm Reading, total lung capacity (TLC), and RV. Furthermore, the count of CD3+ CD4+ T cells demonstrated a negative correlation with TLC. The percentage of CD3+ CD4+ CD25+ cells was positively correlated with ppm reading and CoHb. Overall, our findings revealed modifications in total lymphocyte dynamics and a decrease in the percentage and absolute number of regulatory T cells, compromising the regulatory arm of the immune system to modulate SM-induced inflammatory damages