Repository of Research and Investigative Information Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
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The effect of educational intervention based on mobile learning on the knowledge and self-efficacy of healthcare providers in vaccination
No full textBACKGROUND: The gap between the knowledge and self-efficacy of healthcare providers and their actual function in doing vaccination calls for the implementation of a program that can empower them. Thus, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of mobile learning educational intervention on the knowledge and self-efficacy of healthcare providers in conducting vaccination. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This field trial study was conducted in 2022 on 100 healthcare providers working in comprehensive health centers in Khomeini Shahr City, Isfahan Province, Iran. The samples were randomly selected and divided into two groups intervention and control. The intervention group received vaccination training through two in-person sessions and utilized a smartphone application, which included videos, photos, and text-based content, for one month. Before and one month after the intervention, the participants completed the researcher-made questionnaires to measure their vaccination-related knowledge and self-efficacy. The validity and reliability of the tools were assessed and confirmed. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 as well as t-test, independent t-test, and Chi-square. RESULTS: Based on the results of the paired t-test, in the intervention group there was a statistically significant difference between the mean score of knowledge and self-efficacy of conducting vaccination before and after the intervention (P < 0.0001; P = 0.004). However, in the control group, the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.057; P = 0.642). CONCLUSION: Given the importance of vaccination in children's health, it can be concluded that education based on mobile learning is an effective approach to increasing the knowledge and self-efficacy of healthcare providers in conducting vaccinations. In the context of public health services, such as vaccination, the utilization of mobile-based training is recommended as a means to empower healthcare providers
Mobile Phones in the Operating Room: A Call for Strict Regulation to Ensure Patient Safety
No full textInvestigating the relationship between anthropometric indicators of the mother during pregnancy with the weight, height, and head circumference of the infant at birth: A mother-infant cohort study
No full textBACKGROUND:The growth and development of the fetus inside the womb depends on several factors, including the weight gain of the mother during pregnancy. The aim of the current research is to determine the relationship between anthropometric indicators of the mother during pregnancy and the weight, height, and head circumference of the infant at birth.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The present study is a Historical cohort study that was conducted on 1623 pregnant mothers from the beginning of pregnancy to delivery by census method in 4 reference and specialized gynecology and obstetrics hospitals affiliated to Shahid Sadougi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd from 2016 to 2021. The tools used were the questionnaires approved by the Ministry of Health and the Research Council of the University to conduct the mother-infant cohort. Data analysis was performed with SPSS Software Version 22 with analytical statistical tests.RESULTS:The baby's weight had a significant negative relationship with the mother's weight and the mother's body mass index at the beginning of pregnancy. The baby's height had a significant positive difference with the body mass index at the beginning of pregnancy. The baby's head circumference had a positive and significant relationship with the mother's weight in the third trimester of pregnancy.CONCLUSION:According to the results of the study and the importance of the health of the mother during pregnancy due to the effect on the health of the fetus, it is recommended to monitor the weight of mothers more sensitively from before pregnancy to the end of pregnancy
Delayed cardiac consequences unveiled by magnetic resonance imaging in a high-voltage electric shock survivor
No full textEnhancing Pediatric Satisfaction in Healthcare Services: An Integrative Review
No full textBackground. Facilitating children's consent and active participation in healthcare decisions not only improves treatment outcomes but also enhances follow-up care. This review examines key factors influencing pediatric patient satisfaction with healthcare services. Methods and materials. An integrated review was conducted, incorporating a thorough literature search, data evaluation, and analysis using Broom's method. Online databases were systematically searched using predefined keywords for studies published between 2000 and 2024. Two researchers independently applied inclusion/exclusion criteria, reviewed titles and abstracts, and performed content analysis to identify recurring factors. Findings. Out of 146 articles reviewed, key factors influencing pediatric satisfaction included pain relief, communication, environment, and parental stress. These were categorized into five groups: hospitality, treatment outcomes, staff interaction, hospital infrastructure, and parental satisfaction. Conclusion. By considering and prioritizing these factors, healthcare providers can better address the needs of pediatric patients, ultimately improving their treatment experiences and outcomes
Community's Educational Needs During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study
No full textBackground:Due to its unknown nature, multifaceted symptoms, and rapid spread, the coronavirus has become a public health emergency, leading to international concerns. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the community's educational needs during the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and Methods:This qualitative research was conducted between 2020 and 2021 using a conventional content analysis approach. The research sample comprised 340 recorded calls from individuals who contacted the emergency hotline of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences during the COVID-19 pandemic to express their concerns and anxieties. Sampling was conducted randomly and purposively until data saturation was achieved. Additionally, Graneheim and Lundman's approach was utilized for data analysis.Results:After analyzing the interviews, codes related to the reasons for contact were presented in five main categories, including awareness of the nature of the disease, awareness of preventive methods, awareness of diagnostic methods, awareness of treatment methods, and awareness of caring for high-risk groups and 15 subcategories.Conclusions:The results of this study highlighted various concerns regarding the coronavirus disease during pandemic conditions, which can serve as a foundation for appropriate educational and counseling programs based on community needs during future infectious pandemics
The educational intervention based on social cognitive theory to promote physical activity participation in older adults: a quasi-experimental study
No full textBackground Promoting physical activity (PA) behavior can help older adults create and maintain an active lifestyle. The study was conducted to determine the effect of an educational intervention based on social cognitive theory (SCT) on PA participation among Iranian older adults. Methods In this quasi-experimental study, 88 older adults referring to health centers in Isfahan City in 2024 were selected using a multi-stage cluster sampling method and divided into 2 intervention and control groups. Questionnaires were filled out in two groups before, 3, and 12 months after the six educational sessions based on SCT in the intervention group. Data were analyzed using RM-ANOVA and MANCOVA in SPSS23 software. Results The mean age of participants was 68.77 +/- 7.52. Three- and twelve-month follow-ups in the intervention group showed significant increases in mean scores of self-efficacy, social support, expectancy, and outcome value. PA participation levels also increased in the intervention group compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Conclusion The results indicate that the use of cognitive strategies is an important part of physical activity interventions and its use is effective in improving the participation of the elderly in the physical activity studied
Synthesis, QSAR modeling, and molecular docking studies of 1,2,3-triazo-le-pyrazole hybrids as significant anti-cancer and anti-microbial agents
No full textIn this research, the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles-based pyrazole carbaldehyde via click reaction of 5-azido-3methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde with terminal alkynes catalyzed by Cu(OAc)2 is reported. The antimicrobial and anticancer activities of the synthesized compounds were evaluated against the three pathogenic microorganisms: E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans; two cancer cell lines were MCF-7 and OVCAR3. Among the screened compounds, 4i possessed the most potential cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cell lines with an IC50 of 0.101 f 0.002 mu M; in contrast, 4e showed a dual activity as it was highly potent against the OVCAR3 cell line, where the IC50 = 0.264 f 0.0007 mu M, and high antibacterial activity towards E. coli, MIC = 0.431 f 0.009 mu M. Moreover, high antifungal activity appeared in compound 4j against C. albicans with an MIC of 0.558 f 0.01 mu M. In addition, the performance of the constructed QSAR model was assessed through various statistical metrics. Notably, the coefficients of determination (R2) yielded a remarkable value of 0.99, signifying a high degree of correlation between the predicted and observed values. In addition, the mean absolute error (MAE) was found to be 0.014, further attesting to the robustness and predictive capability of the proposed model. Novel compounds were suggested as possible active inhibitors based on the established link within the suggested QSAR model. Molecular docking studies' ligand-receptor (LR) interactions were used to verify and assess the compounds' correctness
Celery flavonoid-rich extract significantly reduces cucumber powdery mildew severity and enhances plant defense responses
No full textThis study assesses the antifungal efficacy of celery flavonoid-rich extract (CFRE) against cucumber powdery mildew, caused by Podosphaera fusca, in a controlled greenhouse setting. The application of CFRE at a concentration of 4 mg mL- 1 resulted in a remarkable 97 reduction in disease severity. High-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis identified apigenin as the predominant flavonoid in CFRE. Furthermore, CFRE treatment induced a robust defense response in cucumber leaves, marked by elevated levels of flavonoids, phenolics, chlorophyll, and defense enzymes such as beta-1,3-glucanase, chitinase, peroxidase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and polyphenol oxidase. The study also observed upregulation in the expression of three investigated genes associated with beta-1,3-glucanase, chitinase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. Notably, a positive correlation was established between the activity of defense enzymes and their gene expression, as well as between defense enzymes and antioxidant compounds. These findings underscore the potential of CFRE as an environmentally benign alternative to chemical fungicides for managing P. fusca infections
The association between blood selenium and metabolic syndrome in adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies
No full textBackground and aim: Although the relationship between selenium and metabolic syndrome (MetS) was previously investigated, the findings were inconsistent. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis to summarize the association between blood selenium and MetS in adults. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in Medline (PubMed), ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and motor engineering of Google Scholar up to October 1st, 2024. Observational studies which reported the risk of MetS in relation to blood selenium in adults were included. The protocol of the current analysis was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42024486035. Results: Overall, 16,779 participants and 6,471 cases with MetS from 5 cross-sectional and 7 case-control studies were included in the current systematic review and meta-analysis. The findings showed that participants with the highest blood values of selenium (mean: 268.5 mu g/L) in comparison to those with the lowest values (mean: 75.27 mu g/L) had 40 higher risk of MetS. Nevertheless, this association was not significant (95CI: 0.99-1.97). Due to a significant between-study heterogeneity (I-2 = 90.4, p < 0.001), subgroup analysis was conducted based on potential confounders. However, this association was only significant in a few subgroups with low number effect sizes. Linear dose-response analysis illustrated each 50 mu g/L increment in circulating selenium was related to 7 higher risk of MetS (RR: 1.07, 95CI: 0.99, 1.15) However, this association was not statistically significant. Additionally, non-linear dose-response analysis indicated a U-shaped association between blood selenium and risk of MetS with the lowest risk at 160 ug/L of blood selenium (p < 0.001). Conclusion: There is a U-shaped relationship between blood selenium levels risk of MetS. However, more longitudinal studies are needed to verify the causality of findings and clarify the underlying mechanisms