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[[alternative]]The Influence of Service Quality on Behavioral Intention with Moderating Effects of Subjective Norm and E-WOM--A Study of Online Food Delivery in Cambodia
No full text[[abstract]] 隨著我們進入一個更加複雜的時代，我們注意到在柬埔寨目前的情況下，在線食品配送平台日新月異地發展得如此之快，以至於在營業時間內每分鐘都為客戶提供服務。交通擁堵、外賣員的行為以及平台（在線應用）的複雜性是影響柬埔寨在線外賣服務的三大根本原因。在實證研究的基礎上，本研究對使研究模型更有趣、更適應實際情況具有重要的調節作用。本研究的第一個目的是檢驗實證模型，即 TAM2 和服務質量（PZB 模型）、感知有用性和客戶對柬埔寨購買意願的滿意度，因為它是在新環境中如此有效的實施。二是研究主觀規範和E-WOM對行為意向的調節作用。本研究採用定量方法。該調查針對通過 Facebook、Instagram 和 Telegram 等社交媒體在在線平台（google form）上運營的 349 名受訪者進行。本次研究選擇了柬埔寨排名前三的在線食品配送平台，即 Foodpanda、電子獲取和 Nham24。 SPSS 25程序用於測試探索性因素分析、驗證性因素分析和回歸。此外，Smart-PLS 用於測試和檢查研究模型中的假設。感知有用性和客戶滿意度積極參與支持構念之間的關係。總之，服務質量對行為意向的影響起著至關重要的作用，包括感知有用性和客戶滿意度作為部分中介效應。主觀規範和電動口碑被證明具有調節作用，但具有負面意義。由於柬埔寨的這個新手行業，外部環境仍然存在一些影響客戶意向的負面跡象。通過聽取客戶意見開始了解服務質量被認為是服務行業的一項長期業務戰略。[[abstract]] As we move to a more sophisticated era, we have noticed that online food delivery platforms have grown so fast day by day in Cambodia’s current situation to serve their customers every minute during operating hours. Traffic jams, delivery men’s behavior, and the complexity of the platform (online application) are three of the major root causes affecting Cambodia’s online food delivery service. Based on the empirical studies, this study has an important moderating effect in making the research model more interesting and adaptable to the real situation. The first aim of this research is to examine the empirical models, namely, TAM2 and service quality (PZB model), perceived usefulness, and customer satisfaction with purchase intention in Cambodia since it’s such a valid implementation within a new context. The second is to study the moderating effects of Subjective norm and E-WOM that impact on behavioral intention. This research employed a quantitative method. And the survey was conducted on 349 respondents who operate on an online platform (google form) through social media such as Facebook, Instagram, and Telegram, etc. The top three online food delivery platforms in Cambodia were selected for this study, namely Foodpanda, E-Gets, and Nham24. The SPSS 25 program was used to test exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and regression. Also, Smart-PLS is used to test and examine the hypotheses within the research model. Perceived usefulness and customer satisfaction are positively involved in supporting the relationship among the constructs. In conclusion, service quality plays a crucial role in contributing to behavioral intention, including perceived usefulness and customer satisfaction as the partially mediation effect. Subjective norm and Electric word-of-mouth are demonstrated to have a moderating effect while it comes up with a negative significance. Because of this novice sector in Cambodia, the external environment is still giving some negative signs that affect customer intention. Starting to know the quality of the service by listening to customer opinions is considered a long-term business strategy in the service sector
[[alternative]]The Study of the Influence Among Job Demand and Job Resource, Work-Study Conflict on Cynicism in Vietnamese Students in Taiwan--Moderating Effects of Sociocultural and Studying Adjustment
No full text[[abstract]] 工作與家庭責任之間的衝突已被廣泛研究。然而，研究最近擴大到包括就業和家庭以外的角色。例如，一些學者研究了工作和學校職責之間的緊張關係。然而，這些研究主要集中在學術和個人影響上。因此，目前的研究旨在研究工作需求、工作資源、工作-學校衝突和憤世嫉俗之間的關係。然後，該研究以社會文化和學習調整為中介，預測了工作需求/工作資源與犬儒主義之間的關係。最後，我們想探討工作需求和工作資源影響犬儒主義的中介過程。這項研究包括247名越南學生，他們完成了一項關於他們對工作和學校態度的調查。本研究採用定量研究方法來檢驗變量之間的關係。SPSS 26版軟件用於分析數據。這項研究擴展了之前的研究，長時間工作並暴露於生產力較低的工作環境的學生更有可能經歷工作與學校的衝突，這反過來又會導致自我懷疑。 根據研究結果，主要研究結果表明：（1）工作需求對工作學習衝突和犬儒主義都有顯著的正向影響。（2）工作資源對工作學習衝突和犬儒主義都有顯著但非負面影響。（3）社會文化和學習調整的調節作用對工作需求/工作資源與工作學習衝突之間的關係沒有顯著影響。（4）工作學習衝突的中介作用對工作需求/工作資源與犬儒主義的關係有顯著影響。 這些發現表明，雇主和大學管理者需要意識到就業/學生的積極和消極影響，從而控制學生在學校的學習時間，為學生創造良好的環境，以實現工作和學習的高效率。[[abstract]] The conflict between work and family duties has been extensively examined. However, research has recently expanded to include roles other than employment and family. A few scholars, for example, have looked at the tension between job and school duties. However, these researches have mostly focused on scholastic and personal effects. As a result, the current study aims to look at the relationship between Job Demand, Job Resource, Work–School Conflict, and Cynicism. Then, the study predicts the relationship between Job Demand/ Job Resource and Cynicism using sociocultural and study adjustment as a mediator. Finally, we want to explore the mediating process through which Job Demand and Job Resource influence Cynicism. This study included 247 Vietnamese students who completed a survey regarding their attitudes toward work and school. This study uses quantitative research methods to examine the relationship among variables. SPSS version 26 software was used for analyzing the data. This study expands on previous research, students who work long hours and are exposed to less productive work environments are more likely to experience work-school conflict, which in turn can lead to self-doubt. According to the results, the main findings indicated that: (1) Job demand has a significantly positive impact on both WSC and Cynicism. (2) Job resource has a significant but not negative impact on both WSC and Cynicism. (3) The moderating effect of Sociocultural and studying adjustment has no significant impact on the relationship between Job Demand/ Job resource and WSC. (4) The mediating effect of Work study conflict has a significant impact on the relationship between Job demand/ Job Resource and Cynicism. These findings suggest that employers and university administrators need to be aware of both the positive and negative effects of employment/ student, therefore controlling student's study time at school and creating a good environment for students to achieve high efficiency in work and study
[[alternative]]The Study of Environmental Atmosphere, Professional Competence, Customer Relationship Management and Word-of-Mouth: An Example of Beauty SPA Studio
No full text[[abstract]] 臺灣美容SPA業競爭日益激烈，個人工作室之市場也達到了一定程度的飽和度，在微型服務業運營艱難的基礎下，本研究以環境氛圍、專業能力、顧客關係管理、與口碑等變項來探討美容SPA個人工作室的影響。 本研究的目的欲探討美容SPA個人工作室的環境氛圍、專業能力、顧客關係管理與口碑之關係。本研究以臺中市美容SPA個人工作室之服務顧客為研究對象，並採用非隨機網絡問卷調查的便利抽樣法的方式進行問卷調查，共發出277份，回收277份，有效問卷回收率100%。 研究所得結論如下：(1)不同背景變項的顧客對環境氛圍、專業能力、顧客關係管理、口碑之看法有顯著差異； (2) 美容SPA個人工作室的環境氛圍、專業能力、顧客關係管理三個變項對口碑有顯著影響。美容SPA工作室的從業人員可依本研究結果，將環境氛圍、專業能力作為顧客開發的行銷規劃，經營良好的顧客關係管理，以提高顧客的口碑，讓顧客更樂意上門消費、轉介新客並接受服務。[[abstract]] Taiwan's beauty SPA industry is increasingly competitive, and the market for individual studios has reached a certain saturation, under the foundation of the difficult pace of the service industry, this study explores the influence of beauty SPA individual studios with changes such as environmental atmosphere, professional ability, customer relationship management, and word of mouth. The purpose of this study is to explore the research on the relationship between environmental atmosphere, professional ability, customer relationship management and word-of-mouth in beauty SPA individual studios, taking the customers served by Taichung Beauty SPA Individual Studio as the research object, and using the convenient sampling method of non-random network questionnaire surveys to conduct questionnaire surveys, a total of 277 copies were issued, 277 copies were recovered, and the effective questionnaire recovery rate was 100%. The conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) There is no significant difference in the four aspects of environmental atmosphere, professional ability, customer relationship management and word of mouth among customers with different backgrounds; (2) The four aspects of environmental atmosphere, professional ability, customer relationship management, and word of mouth have a significant impact. According to the results of this study, the practitioners of beauty SPA studios can take the environmental atmosphere and professional ability as the marketing plan for customer development, operate good customer relationship management, improve customer reputation, and make customers more willing to go to the door to consume, introduce new customers and accept services
[[alternative]]The Influence of Biculturalism, Multiple Intelligence, Cross-cultural Competence and Resilience on Expatriate’s Cross-cultural Performance: The Moderating Effect of Host Country Nationals’ Helping Behavior and Perceived Organizational Support
No full text[[abstract]] 在過去的二十年裡，全球化與無國界經濟的趨勢已經邁向一個關鍵時刻，全球人口流動加速，移民增加了一倍以上 , 許多個人和企業正在從事更多的國際任務、旅行、研究交流與合作，從而導致更高水平的全球化。因此，研究學者與實務工作者均將外派人員的成功與否作為國際人力資源管理之重要議題。特別是有哪些因素以及這些因素如何增強外派人員之文化智能及跨文化調適，這些智能又如何進一步影響外派人員在國際環境中的成就，是研究人員最關心的問題，然而，在復雜的國際商業環境中，多元智能（包括文化智能、情緒智能及政治智能）對跨文化能力的影響卻被以往的研究完全忽略了。此外，雖然目前的文獻已證實在國際環境中跨文化能力對於外派成功之重要性，但由於跨文化能力的研究目前仍處於一個新的階段，因此，為了深入了解跨文化能力之影響，有關跨文化能力之構面及其影響力，仍有必要進行更進一步的探討。 本研究以在台灣、美國、歐盟及加拿大等跨國公司工作之314位外派人員為樣本進行研究 ，分文獻計量分析、文獻回顧、問卷調查三個階段進行。在文獻計量分析中，本研究確定國際管理的四個研究集群，包括跨國公司的策略管理、外派背景、外派管理、及在東道國的適應能力。在文獻回顧中，本研究針對研究缺口提出了 10 個研究假設。本研究之結果顯示，雙文化主義對多元智能有顯著的影響，並可進一步在多元文化環境中提高跨文化能力。跨文化能力可正向影響外派人員之應變能力，並進一步提高了跨文化表現。此外，多元智能部分是促進雙文化主義對跨文化能力影響的關鍵中介變數，跨文化能力與外派人員之適應能力是促進多元智能對跨文化表現影響之關鍵中介變數。最後，东道国人民的帮助行为和组织支持无法增强外籍人士的复原力对跨文化环境中跨文化表现的影响。本研究以上這些發現將對國際管理和外派管理方面提供重大貢獻。[[abstract]] The trend of global integration and the formation of a borderless economy had reached a critical juncture, as global population movement has accelerated significantly and migration has more than doubled over the last two decades. As a result, individuals and companies were engaging in more international tasks, traveling, conducting research, exchanging, and collaborating, which resulted in a greater level of globalization. Therefore, both practitioners and scholars had paid much attention to the success of expatriates and viewed it as an interesting and important theme in the field of expatriate management. Researchers were primarily concerned with what factors and how such factors enhance cultural intelligence and cross-cultural competence, which further influence the adaption and success of the expatriate in an international setting. However, previous studies have completely neglected the impact of multiple intelligence (cultural intelligence, emotional intelligence, and political intelligence) on cross-cultural competence in the complex international corporate environment. In addition, despite the importance of cross-cultural competence for the success of expatriates in the international environment, the research on cross-cultural competence was still in its infancy and extremely complex. Thus, in order to have a deeper understanding of the nature of cross-cultural competence, it was necessary to implemment additional research on the components and influences of cross-cultural competence on expatriate success. This study was conducted in three steps, including a literature review, bibliometric analysis, and a questionnaire survey with 314 expatriates who are working in Taiwan, North America, and the European Union as samples. Based on the bibliometric analysis, this study revealed four clusters of research themes including strategic management of the multinational company, expatriate background, managing expatriates, and adaptability to the host country. In the literature review, research gaps were discovered and 10 research hypotheses were developed. Based on the findings from the questionnaire survey, this study results proved that biculturalism has a significant influence on multiple intelligence, which further enhances cross-cultural competency in a multicultural setting. Cross-cultural competence had a significant effect on expatriate resiliency, which in turn enhanced cross-cultural performance. Additionally, multiple intelligence partially mediated the relationship between biculturalism and cross-cultural competence. Importantly, cross-cultural competence and expatriate resilience were serial mediators of the relationship between multiple intelligence and cross-cultural performance. Finally, the helping behavior of host country people and organizational support were not able to enhance the impact of expatriate resilience on cross-cultural performance in the cross-cultural environment. The results of this study contributed significantly to the existing literature in the field of cross-cultural and expatriate management
[[alternative]]A Study on Perspective of Leadership of Venerable Master Hsing Yun
No full text[[abstract]] 本研究以佛光山開山宗長星雲大師為研究對象，藉由西方領導學理論：魅力領導、任務導向領導、僕人領導為論述基礎，認為大師的領導模式與西方領導學雷同，但卻有其作為一名宗教領袖的獨到之處。換言之，大師的領導模式蘊含著其宗教情操。 本研究第二章，藉由魅力領導理論追溯大師成長過程中的人格塑造，是構成大師弘法初期對個人的領導模式。即以個人在行為、言語、精神上的超凡表現，感召追隨者的景仰及信賴，進而願意追隨其領導。大師的魅力領導之道在於懂得「知人、育人、用人、留人」，以此開發青年學佛，甚至成為弘揚佛教的生力軍。 本研究第三章，以任務導向領導論述大師的組織領導風格。此章引述大師在青年時期受到太虛大師新佛教運動的思想啟蒙，在後期佛光山組織的領導上，特別著重集體創作、制度領導的行事風範。集體創作、制度領導，建立佛光山僧信二眾共同的弘法使命，促進佛光山組織的茁壯成長。 本研究第四章，透過僕人領導剖析大師四給的服務精神對社會的影響及價值。大師以四給精神推展文化、教育、慈善事業體系，勢必利濟群生，不以營利為目標。其價值包含五個價值：第一，堅持「給與」、「利他」、「濟世」的精神，把「求」的佛教變成「給」的佛教；第二，抱持「非佛不作」的原則，讓人生起敬仰並樂意追隨；第三，秉持淨化人心的宗旨，超越金錢利益關係；第四，心懷「弘法利生」的願心，成就菩薩道；第五，以「服務他人」為前提，視他人的需要與利益提出相對應的服務。 大師的僕人領導精神與價值，彰顯的是佛教以無為有、以空為樂的性格，真正做到「無緣大慈、同體大悲」的最上等服務。大師的領導觀，無論是對個人、組織，乃至社會，秉持的都是希望自己實施的辦法能夠讓眾生獲得生命的昇華。[[abstract]] This paper examines on the perspective of leadership of Venerable Master Hsing Yun (refer as Venerable Master), the founder of Fo Guang Shan Buddhist organization. This study is based on the Western leadership theories of charismatic leadership, task-oriented leadership, and servant leadership, and argues that Venerable Master's leadership model is similar to Western leadership, but possesses his own unique characteristics as a religious leader. In other words, Venerable Master's perspective of leadership embodies his religious sentiments. The outline of second chapter of this study, charismatic leadership theory is used to trace the formation of the personality of Venerable Master during his formative years, which constituted his personal leadership pattern in the early years of his dharma propagation stage. That is, through his extraordinary behavior, speech, and spirituality, he inspired the admiration and trust of his followers, who were then willing to follow his leadership. The way of charismatic leadership possessed by Venerable Master is to Understand, Nurture, Employ, and Retain people, so as to develop young people to learn Buddhism, and even to become an effort for Dharma propagation. The outline of third chapter discusses Venerable Master's organizational leadership style in terms of task-oriented leadership. This chapter cites that Venerable Master was inspired by the ideas of the New Buddhist Movement of Master Taixu in his youth, and that in his leadership of the later Buddhist organizations, he eemphasized on “Work by collective effort, Lead by a system”. The idea of “work by collective effort and lead by a system” established the common mission of Fo Guang Shan Buddhist monks and lay peoples to promote the dharma and facilitate the growth of Fo Guang Shan organization. The outline of fourth chapter of this study analyzes the impact and value of Venerable Master's four giving spirit of service on society through servant leadership. With the spirit of the four giving, Venerable Master promotes cultures, education and charity works which are bound to benefit all sentient beings and are not aimed at profit-making. The significant values of this business system include, first, the insistence on the spirit of “giving”, “altruism”, and “relief”, turning the Buddhism of “seeking” into the Buddhism of “giving”. Second, uphold the principle of “do what is in accordance with Buddha”, inspiring people admiration and be willing to follow. Third, uphold the purpose of purifying people's minds and transcending pecuniary interests. Fourth, with the desire to “promote the Dharma and benefit sentient beings” and achieve the bodhisattva path. Fifth, take “service to others” as a premise and offer services corresponding to the needs and interests of others. The spirit and value of Venerable Master's leadership is a manifestation of Buddhism's character of owns by having nothing, taking joy in being empty, which is truly the highest level of service of “great compassion and compassion without boundaries”. The perspective of leadership of Venerable Master Hsing Yun, whether for individuals, organizations, or even society, his principles is always on wishes to implement methods that will lead to the sublimation of life for all beings
[[alternative]]A Study on the Relationships between Personality, Job Stress and Leisure Participating in External Firefighters as an Example
No full text[[abstract]] 本研究之主要目的在探討外勤消防人員的人格特質、工作壓力與休閒參與的相關性，採取問卷調查方法，以外勤消防人員為研究對象。研究問卷包括：「人格特質量表」、「工作壓力量表」、「休閒參與量表」及「個人背景資料調查表」等四項，以網路問卷方式實得有效問卷589份。再將有效問卷以SPSS軟體進行描述性統計分析、效度分析、信度分析、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、LSD或T2事後檢定、迴歸分析等方法。研究結果顯示：外勤消防人員人格特質與工作壓力有顯著影響、外勤消防人員工作壓力與休閒參與有顯著影響、外勤消防人員人格特質與休閒參與有顯著影響。 整體而言，本研究深入探討消防人員人格特質、工作壓力和休閒參與之關係，並瞭解消防人員人格特質對與工作壓力的來源因素和休閒參與情形，並藉由服務機關的重視及協助改善，並建議透過休閒參與活動的不同規劃方案來紓解壓力，以提高工作效能及生活品質，發展出更完善的工作服務水準，是本研究所關心探討的重點，亦提供給個人、相關單位及政府參考之用。[[abstract]] The main purpose of this study is to explore the correlation between personality traits, job stress and leisure participation of field firefighters. A questionnaire survey method is adopted, and field firefighters are the research objects. The research questionnaires included four items:「Personality Traits Scale」、「Job Stress Scale」、「Leisure Participation Scale」and「Personal Background Information Questionnaire」,and 589 valid questionnaires were obtained by means of online questionnaires. The valid questionnaires were then used SPSS software for descriptive statistical analysis, validity analysis, reliability analysis, independent sample t-test , single-factor analysis of variance, LSD or T2 post-hoc test, regression analysis and other methods. The research results show that: the personality traits of field firefighters have a significant impact on work stress, the work stress and leisure participation of field firefighters have a significant impact, and the personality traits of field firefighters have a significant impact on leisure participation. On the whole, this study deeply explores the relationship between firefighters' personality traits, job stress and leisure participation, and understands the source factors of firefighters' personality traits and job stress and leisure participation. , and suggest that different planning schemes for leisure participation activities can be used to relieve stress, improve work efficiency and quality of life, and develop a more complete work service level. This is the focus of this research. For government reference
[[alternative]]The Impact of Annual Reporting Tones on the Operational Efficiency of Banks
No full text[[abstract]] 金融體系好壞牽動著政治、社會、經濟穩定的關鍵，鑒於我國有些大型的金控機構的營利收入來源，有很多是來自於銀行的營收狀況，因此銀行的經營效率攸關金控體系之成敗，於2008年引發的世界金融海嘯，更讓金融相關行業飽受衝擊，對台灣銀行業也有重大的影響，因此本研究將運用資料包絡分析法(Data Envelopment Analysis，DEA)與麥氏生產力指數(Malmquist Productivity Index，MPI)，以2010年到2020年期間為樣本進行分析，並做跨時間評估台灣銀行業經營效率的變動狀況，運用Tobit迴歸，探討公司年報用詞對銀行經營效率的影響，最後研究發現，在金融海嘯後，台灣銀行業經營效率普遍上升，年報相關詞彙對銀行業技術效率與純技術效率具顯著正向影響。[[abstract]] The quality of a financial system plays an important role for political, social and economic stability. In view of the fact that some large financial holding institutions in our country have profit-making sources of income, many of them come from the revenue of banks, so the operating efficiency of banks is related to the financial holding system. Success or failure, the world financial tsunami triggered by 2008 has further impacted financial-related industries, and had a significant impact on Taiwan's banking industry. Therefore, this research uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI), analyzes the sample from 2010 to 2020, and evaluates the changes in the operating efficiency of Taiwan's banking industry across time, and uses Tobit regression to explore the impact of corporate annual report terms on bank operating efficiency Finally, the results show that after the financial tsunami, the operating efficiency of Taiwan's banking industry generally increased. The terminology associated with the annual report also has an significant positive impact on technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency of the banks in Taiwan
[[alternative]]Job Pressure and Role Conflict of the Hong Kong Police at Anti-Extradition Bill Protest: From the Viewpoint of the First Special Police Corps of National Police Agency
No full text[[abstract]] 本研究旨在探討保一總隊警察如何看待香港警察在「反送中運動」中所面臨的工作壓力及角色衝突，過去相關研究中之探討多侷限於台灣的陳抗活動，並無特別針對其他地區做研究，故研究者欲藉由探討此議題，提出台灣警察如何看待香港警察對於「反送中運動」之工作壓力與角色衝突。本研究採深入訪談法，以六位保一總隊警察為研究對象，探討香港警察在「反送中運動」的「工作壓力」及「角色衝突」。[[abstract]] The purpose of this study is to discuss the viewpoints of the police officers from First Special Police Crops toward the Hong Kong police officers' work pressure and their role conflicts in the Anti-Extradition Bill Protest. It is found through the literature review that most studies about the relevant issues were limited to the mass movement in Taiwan but no other areas. Therefore, this thesis aims to explore how police officers of First Special Police Crops think about the work pressure and the role conflicts Hong Kong police officers may encounter with during the Anti-Extradition Bill Protest. This study adopted in-depth interview methodology. Six police officers of First Special Police Crops, National Police Agency were interviewed for the research
[[alternative]]Ethnic Politics in Residential “Justice”: An Internet Questionnaire Survey
No full text[[abstract]] 高雄城中城大火慘劇，燒出了都市老舊建物更新的必要性。然而，面對產權的複雜，都市更新的推動卻也常在最後臨門一腳時碰到阻礙，文林苑、大埔農地等案例，均是近年來著名的爭議。在這些爭議中，核心的問題是，究竟可否為了公益而強制拆遷所謂的「釘子戶」？「今天拆大埔、明天拆政府」這句廣為流傳的口號，代表了對財產權的絕對尊重，只要屋主地主不同意，強制拆遷就是暴政。然而，政治的本質是就是對價值的權威性分配，違背少數人意願的強制性必定存在，何以會在迫遷一事上被無限上綱？少數人不成比例的妨礙多數人的利益怎麼會有正當性？同一時間上演的南鐵東移事件，不就是為了公益而進行拆遷？對此，本文主張，即使在居住「正義」這樣看似純粹的社會議題中，殖民經歷下的族群政治仍是背後的幽靈。正所謂「非我族類、其心必異」，「正義」的標準也就因此而浮動，本文將經由一連串的網路問卷調查加以驗證此一推論。[[abstract]] The tragic fire in Kaohsiung's city center burned out the necessity of updating the old buildings in the city. However, in the face of the complexity of property rights, the promotion of urban renewal often encounters obstacles when it finally hits the door. Cases such as “Wenlin-Yuan” and “Da-Pu Farmland” are well-known disputes in recent years. In these disputes, the core question is whether the so-called “nail households” can be forcibly demolished for the sake of public welfare? The widely circulated slogan “Demolish Da-Pu today, demolish the government tomorrow” represents absolute respect for property rights. As long as the owners and landlords do not agree, forced demolition is tyranny. However, the essence of politics is the authoritative distribution of values, and there must be coercion against the will of a few people. How can there be legitimacy for the minority to disproportionately hinder the interests of the majority? At the same time, the incident of “Tainan's Railway tracks undergrounding” was not just for the sake of public welfare? In this regard, this article argues that even in a seemingly purely social issue such as housing “justice,” ethnic politics under colonial experience is still the specter behind it. As the so-called “not my race, its heart must be different”, the standard of “justice” is therefore floating. This thesis will verify this inference through a series of online questionnaires
[[alternative]]A Study on the Willingness of Interior Designers to Implement Collaborative Drawing
No full text[[abstract]] 本研究以室內設計團隊執行的繪圖模式進行分析，藉相關資料與設計圖面去研究團隊協同繪圖的可行性，並探討建立團隊協同繪圖前所需的準備工作。研究透過施工圖面內容與參考文獻，探索施工圖的內容，找出施工圖共通之處，分列出施工圖的層次，包括探討Auto CAD、SketchUp、Rhinoceros 3D指令的運用流程，使團隊成員可以分工繪製。透過問卷調查及統計分析，了解繪圖作業軟體的熟練情況、指令使用情況、團隊協同繪圖的看法，透過t檢定與單因子變異數進行分析，其研究結果如下：(一) 曾思考過與曾嘗試過團隊協同繪圖的設計師，在認知、需求、期待等面向的表現較高。證實這個議題的推動是可以被接受。(二) 研究發現Auto CAD熟練程度較高者，團隊協同繪圖可以先以Auto CAD為繪製施工圖的主要入門軟體，另外Rhinoceros 3D功能較為齊全，但普遍熟練程度較低，建議加強教育訓練，對團隊協同繪圖的推動會有較大的成效。(三) 不同背景對設計人員對圖層、外部參考、配置出圖指令使用程度有部分差異，顯示對於指令運用應加強推廣及教育。(四) 團隊協同繪圖配合網路、雲端技術、視訊會議進行整合，能獲得較高的成效。(五) 建立團隊協同繪圖規範與規則有助於此繪圖模式的推動及執行。 本研究主題雖以團隊為主，但在國際化的視野下，永遠有參與或承接大型案件的機會，於案件規模尚屬小型規模時，便有團隊執行的概念與準備是必要的。研究成果期望能對室內設計施工圖繪製時有所助益。[[abstract]] This study has analyzed the drawing mode performed by the interior design team. With the help of relevant materials and design drawings, the feasibility of team collaborative drawing has been studied, and the preparatory work required before the establishment of team collaborative drawing has been discussed.The research has explored the content of construction drawings through the content of construction drawings and references, has found out the commonalities of construction drawings, has listed the levels of construction drawings, and has included discussions on Auto CAD, SketchUp, Rhinoceros 3D The application process of the instructions will allow team members to divide the labor and draw.Questionnaire survey and statistical analysis have been conducted to understand the proficiency of drawing software, the use of instructions, and the team's views on collaborative drawing. Through t-test and single-factor variance analysis, the research results are as follows:(1) Designers who have thought about and tried to draw collaboratively with a team have performed well in terms of cognition, needs, and expectations. It has been confirmed that the promotion of this issue is acceptable.(2) The research has found that those with higher proficiency in Auto CAD can first use Auto CAD as the main entry software for drawing construction drawings in team collaborative drawing. In addition, Rhinoceros 3D has relatively complete functions, but generally has a low level of proficiency. It is recommended to strengthen education and training. The promotion of collaborative drawing will be more effective.(3) Different backgrounds have some differences in the degree to which designers have used layers, external references, and configuration drawing instructions. It has been shown that the use of instructions should be promoted and educated.(4) Team collaborative drawing is integrated with network, cloud technology, and video conferencing to achieve higher results.(5) Establishing team collaborative drawing specifications and rules is helpful for the promotion and execution of this drawing mode. Although the theme of this research is team-based, from an international perspective, there will always be opportunities to participate in or undertake large-scale cases. When the scale of the case is still small, it is necessary to have the concept and preparation of team execution. The research results are expected to be helpful for the drawing of interior design construction drawings