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Description of a Male Urogenital Papilla in the California Grunion, Leuresthes tenuis, a Beach-spawning Marine Silverside Fish
No full textBrutal Justifications: Media Narratives of Twentieth Century Lynchings and Twenty-first Century Police Executions
No full textABSTRACT: Dominant narratives treat lynching as a thing of the distant past and police violence as aberrant and isolated. Yet, many critical anti-racist observers have called today’s police executions of black bodies “modern-day lynchings,” suggesting there are numerous parallels. This article methodically examines the parallels, focusing on how the mainstream media has narrated and justified anti-black violence. I collected and reviewed media accounts of lynchings and police executions in two distinct years, 1917 and 2014, and coded them along salient themes. Across these two periods, the justifications for violence were nearly identical: Black victims were criminal, and they were characterized as less-than-human. This research builds on scholarship that argues that race is deeply connected to the constructs of criminality and abnormality, that merely “existing while black” can be a “crime” punishable by death. In illustrating the salience of these rationalizations across historical periods, I argue that the media is substantially culpable in the maintenance of white supremacy. This study thus disrupts the white innocence discourse that compartmentalizes history and deflects white responsibility for ongoing violence
Long-term qualitative changes in fish populations and aquatic habitat in San Mateo Creek Lagoon, northern San Diego County, southern California, USA.
Full text linkObservations beginning in 1974 and later surveys of increasing intensity with small seines, traps, and dipnets (1991 to mid-2008) documented patterns of abundance, colonization, and extirpation of 15 species of native and non-native fishes as well as crayfishes, and amphibians in the lagoon at the mouth of San Mateo Creek, northern San Diego County, California. Fish populations varied with Mediterranean climate patterns of stream flow and breaching of the lagoon to the ocean through the barrier sand berm. Two near-record rainfall seasons occurred during this period; the 1997-1998 El Niño due to southern storms and the 2004-2005 winter wet season of more usual storms from the north and northwest. The lagoon stabilized as fresh to brackish in the dry season and for multiple years during successive dry winters. Closed conditions benefitted the native, federally endangered Southern Tidewater Goby, Eucyclogobius n. sp., but were unsuitable for other native estuarine species more common in wetter years. Wet year flows also brought down non-native freshwater species to the lagoon; some thrived and increased predation pressure on the tidewater goby. Historically these exotics were absent and two additional native species were present in the lagoon, Partially Armored Threespine Stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, and the now federally endangered Southern Steelhead, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Restoring and maintaining a full suite of native species will require a combination of 1) habitat maintenance, 2) control or management of non-native species, and 3) reintroduction of some native fishes and amphibians to restore the faunal communities of remaining small coastal estuarine systems
Comparison of the Polychaetous Annelids Populations on Suspended Test Panels in Los Angeles Harbor in 1950-1951 with the Populations in 2013-2014
Full text linkA 14-month study was conducted of the polychaetous annelids present on attached wooden blocks replaced monthly and quarterly at nine stations in Los Angeles Harbor in 2013-2014 and compared to the results conducted at the same stations in 1950-1951. Many environmental changes have occurred in the harbors over the past 63 years. The harbor has been expanded into the outer harbor, channels have been deepened and pollution abatement programs initiated. The water quality has been improved as a result of these changes especially in the inner harbor area where the dissolved oxygen in the water was low or absent in 1950-1951 and was over 6.0 mg/L in 2013-2014. The number of polychaetes species in these two studies increased from 23 to 64. The serpulid Hydroides elegans was a dominate species in both studies but the pollution indicator Capitella capitata, common in the earlier study, was rare in the recent study. There was a seasonal occurrence in both the number of species and specimens with the highs in the warmer months and lows during December through March in both studies
Discours scientifique, formation théorique et parti expérimentateur. Une étude de la politique du théoricisme
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The Book Truly Stops Here: A Lacanian Reinterpretation of Reinaldo Arenas’ Freedom
Full text linkIn his essay, “Reinaldo Arenas, Re-writer Revenant, and the Repatriation of Cuban Homoerotic Desire,” Benigno Sánchez-Eppler puts forth what he terms a “signifying possibility,” an informative yet nondefinitive explanation of what the exiled queer Cuban novelist Reinaldo Arenas meant in his suicide note. Arenas’ suicide note, which served as the conclusion to his autobiography, Before Night Falls: A Memoir, written in 1990 and published posthumously in 1992, has an inconclusive meaning stemming from the novelist’s brief declaration of his own freedom at the end. After encouraging the Cuban people to remain vigilant in their fight for freedom and against the rule of Fidel Castro, Arenas succinctly yet confidently declares that he himself is already free without suggesting the source of his freedom. Citing various works of the novelist, Sánchez-Eppler argues that this individual freedom originates from the exiled novelist’s literary act of self-repatriation, using suicide as an inspired form of return to his homeland. This essay argues against Sánchez-Eppler’s signifying possibility. As expressed in his suicide note, Arenas’ notion of freedom, far from being a literary monumentalization of the writer and his Cuban queerness, destined to be creatively repatriated back to his native Cuba through the vehicle of suicide, is more an example of a successful Lacanian “end-of-analysis,” when the individual subject comes to terms with and accepts his or her own irredeemably divided self in the present. My own “signifying possibility” for interpreting Reinaldo Arenas’ freedom relies on Lacanian psychoanalysis, as interpreted by critical race and Lacanian theorist Antonio Viego in his book, Dead Subjects: Toward A Politics of Loss in Latino Studies
The Politics of Madvillainy: Queer Interventions in Hip-Hop
Full text linkClay Cane writes of hip-hop in The Advocate, “one cannot forget its homophobia, a contagious infection in an art form that once stood for positivity.” This reactionary sentiment to hip-hop masculinity implies a sort of cognitive dissonance toward its intersection with queer theory. In line with the thinking of Moya Bailey and Mark Anthony Neal, I contend that hip-hop should be viewed––rather than dismissed––in terms of opportunities to disrupt oppressive structures within the genre. Little scholarship has used this framework to address disruptive performances outside of queer bodies. This paper attempts to fill this gap by analyzing the enigmatic, comical, at times oppressive, works of rapper MF DOOM. I specifically analyze DOOM’s creation and embrace of villainous identities, his subversions of capitalist mentalities in music, and his complex, transgressive sexualities, juxtaposed with the violent homophobia found in his later work. Ultimately, the purpose of this essay is to qualify archetypes of queer disruption in hip-hop, using DOOM as a case study of both transgression and oppression