International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences
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Garcinia cowa: A Potential target for Drug Therapy against Lung Cancer
Get PDFPlants, besides providing raw materials for our sustenance, also having therapeutic properties to cure many chronic diseases like cancer, diabetics and cardiac problems. As they are easily available, cheaper and have no toxicity when compared to chemical drugs, the demands of their products commence increasing for treatments. Moreover, the estimated rate of cancer patients has begun to raise gradually, the necessity to find an active compound from plants becomes more important. So the phytoconstituents present in the medicinal plants have been isolated and marketed as anticancer drugs depend on their traditional values and scientific reports. In our present study, the Garcinia cowa, a traditional medicinal plant was screened. The extraction process has been done by maceration for all parts of the plant with suitable solvents. Crude extracts were then subjected to phytochemical analysis. The selected extract was examined by trypan blue dye exclusion technique to determine the cell viability. The active extract has shown dose-dependent cytotoxicity against lung cancer (CTC50 - 2.29) whereas it has shown less cytotoxicity towards normal Vero cells (CTC50 - 0.10).
 
Modelling and Analysis of Covid-19 Spread Among People in a Queue
Get PDFCovid-19 is a serious respiratory disease that quickly spread around the world. It is essential to understand how coronavirus transmits from one person to another and this knowledge will help to limit the spread of the Coronavirus. A computer simulation is used to understand the possibilities of spreading of Coronaviruses among people standing in the queue. The model parameter that represents the height of the person is fed with 1.51 meters to 1.75 meters and inhaled virus count is determined. Repeated the study to find the effect of the transmission of coronavirus on positions 1 to 5 from the infected person in the queue. In another experiment, the waiting time in the queue is varied from 30 seconds to 150 seconds. Also, the distance between people in the queue is varied from 0.5 meters to 3 meters and determined the risk of getting infected. The relative height of the person with reference to the patient is one of the key factors that determine the risk of infection. Also observed that the people are more susceptible to Covid-19 when they are just behind the infected person and spend more time in the queue. The increased distance between people in the queue has not reduced the probability of spreading of coronavirus at least up to 3 meters. In summary, this study suggests that in addition to social distancing and personal hygiene, wearing face masks will further reduce the probability of spreading of Covid-19 in social gatherings.
 
Effect of Different Stocking Densities on Behavior of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Duhok Province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Get PDFAn experiment was conducted to checking up the effects of overcrowding on common carp Cyprinus carpio prosperity using their behavior. Nine concrete ponds were used with three replication ponds for each density (3.6 m length, 2.7 m width, 1.00 m depth and 0.80 m water level) with water volume (7.776 m3) for each pond. Number of fishes per each pond was 4 (low density), 8 (medium density) and 12 (high density), weighing 1000 g. Water volume for each fish in ponds was (1.944 m3, 0.972 m3, 0.648 m3 respectively). Fish behavior was recorded by immediate sampling with frequency and duration. Each pond was observed directly on the front of pond. Results exposed that there was a significant difference (P<0.01) of time spent feeding between treatments. In addition, a significant difference (P<0.01) was found in resting time between treatments besides there was a worthy of difference of swimming time between different stocking densities. Time spent in swimming was recorded for high stocking density fishes more than other groups significantly (P<0.01), and significantly less time spent resting. Air breathing had significantly (P<0.01) for higher stocking density more than other stocking densities. In high stocking density all aggressive behaviors were found to be more significantly; bites and attacks (P<0.05), threatening and submission (P<0.01). It`s not recommend to stock less than two fishes per meter for carp at concrete ponds
 
Human-Tiger Conflicts a Current issue of Central India, Paradigm to Rethink the Consequences and Challenges of changing behaviour of Wild Animals in Human Dominated Landscape
Get PDFHuman-Tiger conflict or conflict with other wild animals imparts the great challenges for conservation mitigation. Day by day changing cognition and behaviour like movement pattern, killing or preying skills of big cats itself great challenges to resolve. Prey biomass depletion and seasonal variations brings ecological stress in the wild habitat emphasis the adverse movement pattern in human dominated landscapes to get livestock predation in comfortable zone. For this study three important forest division have been opted i.e. Yavatmal, Pusad and Pandharkawada Forest division of Maharashtra India. Last 5 years conflict cases were analyzed along with compensation amount released by forest department.
 
Seasonal Variation of Birds Species Diversity at Vindhyachal Forest Reserve Khargone, District (M.P.)
Get PDFThe main aim of the present investigation was to study the seasonal variation of birds species diversity at vindhyachal forest reserve at khargone district (M.P.). Seasonal variation of birds species were observed from all the four sites (Wachoo point at Mandleshwar, Jamghat Temple at main Vindhyachal, Double golai Balwada and Gavalan Pati Charbhuja temple Katkut). Several species were observed in different season in the present study. Total forty eight species at Wachoo point, fifty three species at Jamghat Temple, forty four species at Double Golai Balwada and sixty species at Gavalan Pati Charbhuja temple Katkut were recorded during the different season.
 
Investigation of Carmofur-Derived Growth Supression in Lung Cancer Cell
Get PDFLung cancer is a malignant form of uncontrolled cell growth in lung tissues with high incidence of mortality in the world. Despite the rise in survival ratios in recent five years lung cancer patients survived relatively poor because of the treatment limitations. Chemotherapeutics have biggest handicap in their usage for cancer treatment that cancer cells develop resistance to them. Herein, carmofur, a form of pyrimidine analogue was used for stimulating cell death in lung cancer cells based on its anti-proliferative potency in many cancer cells. Cytotoxic activity was tested via MTT assay. In addition, ultrastructural and morphological changes were evaluated via transmission and confocal microscopies. The IC50 value was determined to be 23 µM for 24 hours. Morphological and ultrastructural analyses imply to clear apoptosis. Consecutively, carmofur might be suggested for deeper examinations in the manner of improvement of the apoptosis triggering potency for designing a florouracil-derived permanent antineoplastic agent.
 
Evaluating Effect of Fat, Sugar and Flour Substitutes on Properties of White Slice Dairy Bread
Get PDFWhite slice dairy bread (WSDB) is the most important industrial bread consumed in Argentina, it results an interesting target for developing a reduced calorie bread as it contains fat and sugar in its formulation. However, substitutions of ingredients should be carefully studied to keep original properties of the bread. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three commercial products, Toler Fat Less Saladas (TFLS) as fat substitute, Granofiber Sweet (GS) as sugar substitute and Granofiber Sym 200 (GS200) as flour substitute, in order to improve nutritional profile of WSDB. The rheological properties, evaluated by Rheofermentograph and Mixolab, were studied on flour and on white slice dairy bread formulation. Additionally, texture profile analysis was applied on baked bread. TFLS caused a similar effect to fat. GS showed less gas production than sugar during fermentation stage, however baked bread presented similar loaf specific volume. Substitution of flour with GS200 revealed significant decrease of fermentation capacity and dough development. Otherwise, bread loaf specific volume showed satisfactory results when GS200 was applied, allowing to formulate a high fiber bread with similar end-product texture properties to original bread. We conclude that substitutes evaluated in this work can be used for breadmaking to improve nutritious quality of bread for health benefits.
 
Effect of Jawarish Bisbasa on dyslipidemia - A case study
Get PDFDyslipidemia is characterized by abnormal levels of lipids in the blood. There is a strong association between serum cholesterol and risks of coronary heart disease (CHD). Lipoprotein disorders or hyperlipidemia may result from a primary abnormality in lipid metabolism or secondary manifestation of some other condition. In Unani Medical System (UMS) mentioned under the heading of Fart-e-Tadassum fid-dam, Fart-e-shahmeen fid-dam, etc. They also describe its types and management through change in lifestyle and Unani drugs. The present study is to analyse the antihyperlipidemic effect of Jawarish Bisbasa (JB) in a case of dyslipidemia. The patient was 28 years old had been diagnosed with dyslipidemia/hypercholesterolemia three months prior to presentation. The patient was treated 8 weeks with JB. His body weight (BW) was 94 kg, BMI 27.4 m2, WC 99 cm, WHR 0.91, SAD 28cm, BS(F) 87.31 mg/dl, serum cholesterol 223.9 mg/dl, Serum triglycerides 430 mg/dl, HDL cholesterol 38.98, LDL 98.92 mg/dl and VLDL cholesterol 195.45 mg/dl at the base line and at the end of 8 weeks becomes weight 84 kg, BMI was 24.8, WC 93cm, WHR 0.85, SAD 24.5, BS(F) 99.13 mg/dl, serum cholesterol 127.9 mg/dl, Serum triglycerides 185.95 mg/dl, HDL cholesterol 43.4mg/dl, LDL 38.51 mg/dl and VLDL cholesterol 46.54 mg/dl. There were no side effects reported during the treatment. JB showed significant antihyperlipidemic activity reducing lipid profile, BW, BMI and other anthropometric parameters. It is the first case report on the management of dyslipidemia/hyperlipidemia on JB
The Green Tide of Macroalgae in The Water of Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia; Removal The Nitrogen Compounds By Ulva Intestinalis
Get PDFThe green tide of macroalgae was recognized as (Ulva fasciata, U. intestinalis, U.flexusa, U. lactuca, U. Chaetomorphalinum, and Enteromorpha intestinalis ) had been regarded in the wintry weather and spring of years, 2016, 2017, and 2018 within the water of Arabian Gulf, Eastern Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The objective of this study; consider the parameters impact at the blooms of macroalgal and the way can be used this macroalgal to removal the nitrogen compounds like ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate from water aquaculture. Through this period monitor analyses carried out in the coastal water Gulf and the density of macroalgae growth. Indoor carry-out experiments to grow the macroalgae at distinct salinity 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40g/l, and remove ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate. The results concluded that the excess of nitrogen compounds and the changed of temperature and salinity were the impact of the principal parameters on green tides seem; the macroalgae (U. intestinalis) may be used to remove ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate from water and the removal percentage decrease with increase and decrease the salinity, the best nitrate compounds removal was at range (10-30 g/l) salinity
Evaluation of the Implementation of Environmental Impact Assessment in Bole Lemi Industrial Park, In The Case of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Get PDFas a planning process, the more extended term the target of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is to add to practical advancement. In Ethiopia, EIA now turns into a legitimate necessity and the framework has been built up. This particular examination has intended to assess the status of EIA usage in industry zone venture. Bole Lemi Industry Park was chosen as a contextual investigation to embrace the exploration. The examination was brought out through polls, interviews, center gathering conversation and field perception. The exploration has recognized that the current EIA practice in Industry Park ventures isn`t viable enough to meet the expected goal. The elements influencing the adequacy is the nonappearance of law implementation apparatuses (guideline and mandates), nonattendance of EIA framework checking, frail administrative authorization, absence of lawful necessities for explicit segments, poor reconciliation of EIA into basic leadership process, absence of open contribution, powerless mix of EIA into the undertaking cycle, ineffectively created ecological database and data the framework, nature of EIA reports and feeble between sector coordination and correspondence and constrained physical and human asset accessibility. To improve its productivity and adequacy, specific accentuation should be given to lacks in EIA enactment, exclusion in key stages and segments of EIA process, authoritative limit of ecological insurance organs, database and natural data framework, the investment of nearby networks and associations, characterizing sector duties, mindfulness creation to various entertainers including in the EIA procedure and observing and development