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Children’s Screen Media Usage during COVID Lockdown Policies
No full textM.P.P.Government responses to COVID-19 resulted in closures of schools and child care during lockdowns. Parents needed to adapt to working from home while also caring for their children and helping facilitate preschool and daycare classes online. Parents and experts in medicine and child development became increasingly concerned about increased screen media use as a strategy for parents to occupy their children. This study examines the relationship between COVID-19-related lockdown policies and children’s screen time. Data from the Comprehensive Assessment of Family Media Exposure Consortium members from Israel, Canada, and the United States were analyzed. Parents with children between two and five years old completed two surveys across varying lockdown severity to report screen media use in the home. Lockdown severity was operationalized using data from the Oxford Covid Government Response Tracker. In samples from the United States and Israel, lockdown severity was positively associated with children’s screen time. However, in the Canadian sample, this relationship was negative. Other significant relationships included age (Canada only) and parent education (United States and Canada). Unique relationships between lockdown severity and screen time emerged from differences between countries, demonstrating a need for additional research across contexts. Broad policies, like stay-at-home orders, affect children. Further research will improve our understanding of child-related outcomes of policies affecting child care accessibility and responding to future pandemics
Affordable Housing And Neighborhood Characteristics: An Analysis Of The Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Assisted Developments In Florida Neighborhoods
No full textM.P.P.The Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) is America's largest supply-based federally subsidized housing program. Policymakers may be concerned that the placement of LIHTC-assisted developments will cause poverty concentration, income level segregation, and neighborhood instability. Using data between 2010-2019 from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) LIHTC Property Level Database and the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS), this thesis evaluates how developments in Florida affect the percentage share of income level groups using a forwarded two-way fixed effect regression analysis. This study finds that LIHTC-assisted developments are associated with a decrease in the percentage of low-income households and an increase in the percentage of middle-income households of similar magnitude in the years following placement. Looking at the low-income subpopulations, very low- and low-income households see decreases in their population share in the years after the placement of a development. The study can infer that developments cause positive externalities, such as better job opportunities, thus, helping households move up the income bracket. Thus, LIHTC has the potential to support poverty reduction, economic mobility, and income level convergence for low-income populations. For households in extreme poverty, the effects of developments on population share might be limited, suggesting that extremely low-income households may need additional support to take as much advantage of developments as other households
Military Body Composition Standards: A Barrier to Diverse Recruiting?
No full textM.P.P.Obesity rates in the United States have reached an all-time high and continue to increase, posing a threat not only to individual health but also to national security. This paper considers whether the current military body composition standards are a barrier to diverse military recruiting. More specifically, I use data from the 2011-2018 National Health Assessment Examination Survey (NHANES) to study the relationship between military eligibility based on body compositions standards and gender and race. The limited existing literature on this topic generally suggests that women and People Of Color typically have greater Body Mass Indexes (BMI) than white men. I build on that literature by applying the military body composition standards as parameters to assess military eligibility, focusing on gender and race in particular; and by controlling for other socioeconomic factors. My results suggest that there is a significant large negative relationship between being a woman and military eligibility based on body composition
TLISI 2023: Leveraging Large Lecture Courses to Build a Culture of Care
No full textFoundational and early university introductory courses are usually taught as large lecture courses. For many students, especially students from marginalized identity groups, a large course can be an impersonal experience, leaving students with a low sense of belonging, impacting academic performance and retention in the discipline. In this reporting session, we present specific interventions and practices– cultivated through years of intentional iteration by multiple faculty – to build a community of learners that care for one another in a large foundational Biology course. We define culture of care as building and maintaining specific class structure and climate that empowers students to form relationships with others in the course to provide and obtain emotional support and to meet affective needs, in order to persist and succeed in the course; and to build an understanding of how the material taught will lead to achievement of their intrinsic academic and career goals. Instead of focusing on the deficits of large classes, we believe these interventions and practices leverage the benefits of large classes, including the diversity of students present, and the power of shared positive experiences in a large group
A Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Support Bundle in an Urban Alaskan NICU
No full textD.N.P.The stressors that predispose preterm birth and thus neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions for neonates also amplify risks for development of perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs) in birthing people. NICU staff cite willingness but uncertainty in how to assist NICU parents with PMADs. In Alaska, mental health-related maternal mortality is more than three times the national average. Using a descriptive pre/post design, this translational evidence-based practice (EBP) project implemented an original PMAD Support Bundle in a NICU in Alaska, translating expert guidelines from the Consensus Bundle on Maternal Mental Health: Perinatal Depression and Anxiety into the NICU setting. Bundle components included an educational module, resource handout, a “badge-buddy” quick-reference card, and a draft PMAD screening protocol. The primary aim was to introduce and test the effects of an educational module on staff attitudes, knowledge, and comfort regarding PMADs. The secondary aim was to develop a collaborative PMAD screening protocol for future piloting. Surveys were dispensed to 150 NICU staff via email and QR code before and one month after staff viewed the educational module; the resource handout and “badge-buddy” were disseminated with post-test surveys. Demographic data and qualitative feedback were collected to evaluate project reach and sustainability. Completed pre/post survey pairs (n = 37) were analyzed to evaluate changes in staff responses in attitude, knowledge, and comfort domains. NICU staff knowledge scores demonstrated statistically significant improvement across all metrics (
Mass(achusetts) Incarceration and Higher Education: The Deep Origins and Contested History of College Behind Bars in The Bay State
No full textPh.D.The long road to establish college-in-prison in Massachusetts reveals as much about the contested origins of prison education in the Commonwealth as it does about the myth of Massachusetts exceptionalism. In this dissertation I document the origins of higher education in prison in the Bay State from the end of the Progressive Era to the passage of the 1994 Crime Bill, arguing that early prison reformers like Howard Belding Gill and Miriam Van Waters paved the way for educational opportunities in the Commonwealth’s prisons. The backlash they faced foreshadowed what was to come in the latter part of the twentieth century. The Bay State’s first Black Commissioner of Correction, John Boone, was tasked with implementing a new plan for prison reform right in the midst of charged and heavily racialized debates about school segregation in Massachusetts. Elizabeth Barker and Dante Germanotta established flourishing college-in-prison programs only to contend with higher education in prison’s very survival as the decades-long tough-on-crime turn reached a crescendo in the late 1980s with the arrest of Willie Horton.Protracted resistance to attend to the rights and needs of incarcerated individuals in the Bay State through education shaped the nature of the state’s prisons and its politics. Using university and state archives, newspapers, and oral history interviews with educators, prison officials, former college-in-prison students, and a former governor, I demonstrate how the uneven nature of progress and regression in prison education in Massachusetts both reflected and informed the political landscape of the Commonwealth over the course of the twentieth century. In doing so, I contribute to a body of literature that contests commonly held and historic tropes of Massachusetts as a beacon of liberalism, innovator in education, and a “city upon a hill” by assessing the ways that the Commonwealth’s prison spaces have been stages for conservatism, racism, and retrogression. The efforts of prison reformers and college educators to grow educational opportunities behind bars to meet the changing needs of the incarcerated individuals in the Commonwealth were exceptional. The state they operated within proved to be anything but
TLISI 2023: Building a Culture of Learning
No full textBuilding a culture of learning is designed to prepare participants to bring best practices from the classroom to our University administrative teams in order to foster a unified growth mindset. We will discuss the conditions needed to get started and explore how leaders and their teams can co-develop an environment of support and encouragement for building new skills and gaining greater perspective. We will address how to prepare for a transition in office culture, identify behaviors that are counterproductive to a learning environment, and the importance of open and mutual feedback. This interactive session will offer best practices and also tap into the knowledge of our Georgetown community. Participants will leave this session with a greater knowledge of University resources needed for ongoing support to sustain a culture of learning
The Effect of China's Emission Trading Scheme on the Green Innovations of Chinese Enterprises
No full textM.P.P.This thesis investigates the impact of China's Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) on enterprises' green innovations. Implemented as a pilot program in Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Hubei, and Shenzhen since 2011, and as a national ETS in 2021, the policy aims to achieve carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060. Using data from A-share listed companies between 2011 and 2020, this study examines whether ETS incentivizes businesses to invest more in energy-efficient production or imposes a heavy burden on heavy polluters, making them less willing to invest in R&D with long payback cycles. Employing a fixed effects model, the study finds a one-year positive lagged effect of ETS pilot on corporate green innovation. The results indicate that the ETS policy can promote green technology innovation and contribute to China's climate goals, but needs to be supplemented with other policy tools for maximum effectiveness
#537 Insanity and Crimnial Responsibility.
No full textParticipants include: Miss Yvonne Cravens, Georgetown University Law Center's Moot Court Team Mr. William Beckett, Georgetown University Law Center's Moot Court Team Mr. Harold J. Sullivan, Georgetown University Law Center's Moot Court Tea