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Patient-Generated Graphs to Measure Pain and Fatigue in Persons with Neuralgic Amyotrophy
Get PDFBackground: Patients with neuralgic amyotrophy (NA) often experience limitations in daily activities because of pain and fatigue. Visual analogue graphs with a 24-hour x-axis can be used to rate pain and fatigue severity during a typical day. This study aimed to investigate the reliability and validity of the visual analogue graphs in patients with NA.
Method: Eight patients completed pain and fatigue graphs on three moments to examine inter-rater and test-retest reliability using Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICCs). Concurrent validity (n = 47) was tested by determining correlations between mean pain graph scores and numerical rating scale for pain (NRS-pain) and between mean fatigue graph scores and checklist individual strength-subscale fatigue (CIS-fatigue).
Results: ICC for test-retest reliability varied from 0.72– 0.93 for pain and 0.67–0.85 for fatigue scores. ICC for inter-rater reliability varied from 0.76–0.97 for pain and 0.47–0.97 for fatigue scores. Correlation between the mean pain graph score and NRS-pain was strong (rs = 0.75, ps = 0.42, p = 0.003).
Conclusion: The visual analogue graph for pain appears reliable and valid in patients with NA. Test-retest reliability and concurrent validity for the fatigue graph warrant further research
Occupational Therapy’s Role in Supporting Persons with Cognitive and Communication Impairment in Acute Hospital Settings
Get PDFIt is estimated that 10.9% of adults in the United States live with a cognitive disability and 10% experience communication disorders. When hospitalized, people who have co-occurring cognitive and communication impairments (CCI) experience more hospital-related complications, longer lengths of stay, and higher risks for readmission and mortality. Co-occurring CCI refers to people who are hospitalized for a primary condition who also have a pre-existing or hospital acquired CCI.
Occupational therapists make important contributions to interprofessional care teams for persons with disabilities in hospital settings. This article explores the complexity of individual- and system-level factors contributing to poorer health outcomes for people who are hospitalized in acute hospital settings with co-occurring CCI and explores occupational therapy’s role in addressing these factors.
Authors recommend that occupational therapists elicit change to improve outcomes on both system-level and individual-levels using an occupational justice perspective, following the occupational therapy process. This content may inspire occupational therapists to recognize and respond to the gaps in care in acute hospital settings for patients with co-occurring CCI and further the application of evaluation and intervention techniques for individuals experiencing co-occurring CCI in acute hospital settings
Modern Creativity Thriving Through the Roots of Occupational Therapy
Get PDFPeace, a client artist at Corvilla, provided the cover art for the Spring 2025 issue of the Open Journal of Occupational Therapy (OJOT). This untitled artwork is a mixed-media painting featuring a vase of daisies, hand-drawn by Peace, which was engraved into reclaimed wood with a CNC machine, painted, and hand-sanded to reveal the image through the contrast of paint and wood. This and many other artworks are produced daily and sold in the storefront of the organization. Corvilla’s art program, Studio Five9, echoes the earliest models of arts and crafts workshops found in rehabilitation facilities in the early 20th century that were included as part of medical treatment for patients and which led to the foundation of occupational therapy as a profession. From these roots, Corvilla thrives with its own unique model that cleverly harnesses the use of modern technology and industrial tools as adaptive equipment to enhance the quality, creativity, and salability of their creative goods
“She’s a Good Different. She’s Revolutionary”: How Fifth-Grade Readers Interpret Aspects of Diversity in Literature
No full textAlthough diversity, equity, and inclusion have been a significant focus of research in children’s literature, many studies fail to consider the reader’s perspective and instead rely on text analyses. In the present study, the author employed focus groups to examine fifth-grade readers’ insights as they interpreted, related to, and engaged with the presence of diversity in texts. Findings indicate that readers interpreted diversity by envisioning the larger picture, recognizing the importance of others’ differences, and connecting through emotions. Thus, this study suggests that it is necessary for teachers to understand that students recognize and appreciate individual differences, to select texts that promote diversity through empathy, and to embrace their students’ diverse identities and personalities
The Burden of Racism: How Black Emerging Adult Women Cope with Racism-based Traumatic Stress
No full textThis study examines how emerging African American women cope with race-based traumatic stress (RBTS) and the role of sociodemographic factors in shaping their coping behaviors. Data were collected from a purposive sample of 152 African American emerging adult female college students aged 18–29 in St. Louis, Missouri. Using descriptive statistics, univariate analyses, and multiple linear regression, the study investigated RBTS symptom severity and its relationship with coping strategies while controlling for age, income, and employment. Key findings revealed that low self-esteem significantly predicted substance use coping, avoidance was linked to behavioral disengagement, and income was negatively associated with restraint coping, suggesting financial stability may reduce the reliance on self-regulatory strategies. These results underscore the complex interplay between RBTS symptoms, coping mechanisms, and socioeconomic variables. The study highlights the critical need for culturally responsive mental health interventions that address both individual and systemic factors to promote adaptive coping among African American women. Future research should explore these dynamics longitudinally to understand coping strategies’ evolution and inform targeted interventions
The Power of Social Capital for First-Generation College Students
No full textFirst-generation college students (FGCS) face unique challenges in achieving career success, challenges which stem from limited access to social capital. Social capital refers to the value derived from access to social structures, which serve as resources that enable individuals to pursue and attain their interests (Coleman, 1988). Enhancing mentoring for FGCS requires an understanding of how social capital facilitates success and upward mobility. FGCS face information gaps that can hinder their ability to navigate college bureaucracy, advance their careers, and beyond. To address this information gap, FGCS can seek advisors and mentors, or institutional agents, who can provide critical insights that may not be available from their families. Similarly, peer mentors who effectively build and leverage social capital can model strategies for fostering networks among their peers. This journal article presents findings from a research study commissioned by MANA de San Diego( MANASD), examining how MANASD, through its youth leadership programs, serves as both an institutional agent and a source of social capital for program participants
Debunking Myths: Preparing Black Students Who are Accelerated Learners For Postsecondary Opportunities
No full textBlack students are the most underrepresented in Gifted and Talented Education (GATE), Advanced Placement (AP), honors, dual enrollment (DE), and other programs for advanced learners (Ford, 2011, 2013; Hines, 2024; Hines, Fletcher et al., 2022). However, accelerated learners, particularly Black students, are usually seen as individuals who understand their educational trajectory, are more likely to know where they plan to attend college, and quickly know their career choice (Smith & Wood, 2020). Accelerated learners are students who are engaged in advanced coursework or programs such as Gifted and Talented Education (GATE), Advanced Placement (AP), honors, dual enrollment (DE). In this article, we discuss social capital theory and Boykin’s Afro-centric cultural styles (2005) for preparing advanced Black students to engage in postsecondary opportunities. We use accelerated learners and advanced learners interchangeably. Lastly, we present a culturally responsive, anti-racist model, along with recommendations (practice, policy, and research) equitably preparing these Black students for college and a career
Bootmaking Before Bootstrapping: Patterns of Grit and Slack in Multicultural Nonfiction Picture Books
No full textThis investigation reports the findings of a critical multicultural content analysis of recent-award winning Orbis Pictus (non-fiction) picture books. The analysis examines patterns of grit and slack strategies across race and gender for historical characters of color as they overcame boundaries and accomplished long-term goals. Findings suggest that the concept of “grit” is not merely a universal construct of an outstanding individual who lifts themself up by their own bootstraps but that systems are important in allowing an individual to succeed to overcome boundaries. The bootstrap myth can be contested by critical readers, even young readers of picture books, as they are trained to notice multiple strategies to success. Often success in overcoming boundaries comes through “slack”, when others offer support to a historical character. In many stories, slack allows the historical individual to find and maintain grit. Supportive systems aid success in the stories examined, although the role and action of systems vary widely across gender and ethnicity.
Keywords: grit, slack, race, gender, multicultural nonfiction picture book
An Introduction to Methodological Philosophy: A Guide for Instructors and Students
No full texthttps://scholarworks.wmich.edu/open_books/1006/thumbnail.jp