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CLSM - Foraminifera
No full textData related to "Open or closed: pH modulation and calcification by foraminifera"
Data and code for "Temperature effects on the impact of two invasive parasitic copepods on the survival, growth, condition and reproduction of native mussels"
No full textAn increase in temperature due to climate change may affect the geographic ranges of invasive parasites and alter their impact on individual native hosts. Our goal was to learn if the effects of infection by two species of invasive endoparasitic copepods on native blue mussel hosts (Mytilus edulis) change with increasing temperatures. We investigated that with a laboratory experiment using a range of temperatures consistent with the observed, and predicted future water temperatures for the Wadden Sea (10-26°C). Over a period of 8-20 weeks, infection with Mytilicola intestinalis lowered the condition and infection with Mytilicola orientalis decreased the shell growth of blue mussels. High temperatures decreased mussel growth and condition in general, but only at low temperatures (10-14°C) the parasite induced loss of condition was evident compared to uninfected mussels. Mussel mortality and reproductive activity were not affected by parasite infection, although both were impacted by temperature: the highest temperature (26°C) increased mussel mortality, and gamete ripening only occurred at lower temperatures (10-18°C). Taken together, these results suggest that both infection and high temperatures have independent negative effects, and an increase in temperature does not worsen the effect of infection on individual mussel hosts, and neither does infection decrease host tolerance for long-term exposure to high temperatures. These findings add to our understanding of the interplay between increasing temperature and the interaction between invasive parasites and native hosts, and help to predict host and parasite dynamics in systems affected by species invasions and climate change
yasmina ourradi
No full textShelf seas are important for global carbon cycling, but their carbonate system dynamics remain poorly understood due to complex spatial and temporal variability driven by interacting biological, physical and hydrological processes. To understand these complex dynamics, we focused on the Marsdiep channel at the Wadden Sea-North Sea interface, where strong tidal exchange creates ideal conditions for investigating carbonate system variability across multiple timescales. High-resolution (10-min) measurements of pH, combined with discrete sampling of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TA) and pH, were conducted over approximately one year between February 2022 and January 2023 at this location. We developed a multi-linear regression (MLR) model based on salinity and tidal data to predict TA (TApred) (RMSD = 17.5 µmol kg⁻¹), and subsequently calculated DIC from the TApred and pH (RMSD = 19.8 ± 1.9 µmol kg⁻¹). To evaluate the performance and long-term stability of the pH sensor, we applied a semivariogram approach - an approach not commonly used in this context - to estimate pH sensor uncertainty and drift patterns over time. We propose this method as a robust approach for assessing sensors performance in short and long-term deployments at sea, particularly when calibration sampling frequency is irregular. Results revealed pronounced diel and seasonal variability in pH (seasonal range: 0.6), DIC (419 µmol kg⁻¹), and TA (213.7 µmol kg⁻¹). These fluctuations reflected the interplay of biological and hydrological processes, with pH mainly controlled by biological process, TA by hydrological processes, and DIC influenced by the combination of both. We used the Wasserstein distance to quantify the balance of processes driving DIC at any given time. During this study period, the Wadden Sea acted as a net CO2 source to the atmosphere, with an annual release of 4.7 g-C m−2. A deeper understanding of the influence of biological and hydrological controls on the marine carbonate system is still needed to unravel the relative importance of the processes involved, especially in regions of higher complexities such as the Wadden Sea. Continuous high-frequency measurements may provide a tool to capture these dynamics across multiple time scales, from hourly to seasonal and interannual, in order to refine our understanding of their role in driving the carbonate system and in regional carbon cycling under changing climatic and hydrological conditions
Adaptation of methane oxidising bacteria to environmental changes: implications for coastal methane dynamics - data and scripts
No full textGlobal warming induced alterations in ocean temperature regimes, and precipitation patterns are increasingly impacting coastal ecosystems, leading to shifts in water column properties. These changes may have profound implications for microbial communities such as methane-oxidising bacteria (MOBs), which play a critical role in regulating methane fluxes and ecosystem dynamics. In this study, we investigate the resilience and adaptability of aerobic MOBs in response to changing environmental conditions. Through microcosm incubation experiments with waters from the North Sea and the Wadden Sea collected during different seasons, we explore how variations in methane availability, temperature, and salinity influence the MOB community structure and functional capacity. Our results reveal an increase in the relative abundance of MOBs to up to 57% in experiments with elevated methane concentrations, highlighting the primary role of methane availability for MOB community development. Temperature and salinity variations, on the other hand, exerted lesser effects on MOB composition and relative abundance. A strong effect on MOB community development was furthermore caused by the origin of the inoculum (location and season). Our results thus suggest a functional redundancy in the variable pools of microbial inocula enabling multiple MOB clades to cope with drastic changes in environmental parameters. The adaptability of MOB communities is key to understand their role in mitigating methane emissions from coastal regions in a future ocean with potentially elevated methane, temperature and variable salinity levels
Data and code for "Warming effects on the life cycles of two parasitic copepods with different invasion histories"
No full textClimate change may exacerbate the impact of invasive parasites from warmer climates through pre-existing temperature adaptations. We investigated temperature impacts on two closely related marine parasitic copepod species that share the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) as host; Mytilicola orientalis has invaded the system from a warmer climate 90 years to adapt. In laboratory experiments with temperatures 10°C-26°C, representing current and future temperatures, the development of both life cycle stages of both species accelerated with increasing temperature. In the free living infective stages of both species the development speed increase was largest between the two lowest temperatures (10°C and 14°C), with the small increases across the higher temperatures (18°C-26°C) being larger for the recent invader. In the parasitic stages, the growth of the established invader increased evenly from 10°C to 22°C, while the recent invader barely grew at 10°C gaining its maximum growth speed already at 18°C. In contrast, temperature had little effect on the transition success between life cycle stages. However, the highest temperature (26°C) limited the egg development success of the established invader and the host entry success of both species, whereas the infection success of the established invader increased at 18°C and 22°C. Based on long-term temperature data and predictions, the numbers of completed life cycles per year will increase for both parasites. Overall, our experiments indicate that the main effect of temperature on both species is through development speed and not life cycle stage transition success. While the established invader seems better adapted for low current temperatures (around 10°C), the more recent invader barely develops at these temperatures but can cope in high temperatures (around 26°C). Hence, pre-existing temperature adaptations of the recent invader may allow the species to better cope with heat waves
Netherlands North Sea ocean acidification monitoring programme dataset v2024.08
No full textMonitoring programme of the Dutch Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management to improve the understanding of dynamics and trends in ocean acidification parameters in the Dutch sector of the North Sea. This dataset (version 2024.08) contains all measurements from all batches of analysis up to and including August 2024 for which auxiliary variables (temperature, salinity and nutrients) were available from Rijkswaterstaat at the time of publication, specifically, 1308 measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon, 1307 of total alkalinity and 1310 of pH, from 22 January 2018 to 17 July 2024. This dataset is a replacement for the previous version (v2023.10; doi:10.25850/nioz/7b.b.kg). All data that appear in both this and the previous version are identical
Hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria database
No full textHydrocarbonoclastic bacteria database containing a selection of environmental genera, species and strains reported to be potential hydrocarbon degraders
Dataset Meyer et al. Temperature modulates dominance of a superinfecting Arctic virus in its unicellular algal host - FCM and qPCR, Supplement figures
No full textDataset containing FCM and qPCR data for one-step infection experiments performed using Micromonas polaris host and its viruses MpoV-45T and MpoV-46T. Treatments were inoculated with either MpoV-45T or MpoV-46T alone (single treatments) or with both viruses (dual treatments)
Enhancing ecological complexity in soft-bottom coastal ecosystems: the impact of introducing hard substrates - Data
No full textCoastal ecosystems globally face pressures, with natural coastal habitats being replaced by engineered structures. While hard structures for navigation-purposes and coastal defence can negatively impact native communities, they can also be applied in ecological restoration as artificial reefs to stimulate epibenthic species. This way substrates facilitate establishment of biogenic (shellfish) reefs and provide habitat heterogeneity in soft-sediment ecosystems. In a 1.5-year experiment, we introduced six different types of natural or biodegradable hard substrates in a subtidal soft-sediment system. We compared the substrates with surrounding soft sediment and evaluated differences between substrate types using biodiversity indices, community composition analyses and food web indicators. This offers a comprehensive understanding of how the introduced hard substrates affect ecosystem complexity. This dataset and the correspponding R-scripts were used for the statistics as presented in the paper. It contains a metadata file, and datafiles containing the following: sediment data, benthic species observed in the experiment, mobile species observed in the experiment. R scripts can be used to calculate biodiversity, community composition and food web metrics on the different types of substrates
2023 ATP model verification data file
No full textA recent model demonstrated that the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content of spherical aquatic organisms with a 10 to 50 ?m diameter is between 0.16 to 19.9 pg cell-1. The model was validated by comparing microscopy-based counts with ATP concentrations from a commercial ATP kit. See: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116066.
On average, freshwater organisms contain 0.33 pg ATP cell-1, have a spherical equivalent diameter (sed) of 13 ?m, while marine organisms have 0.89 pg ATP cell-1 and a sed of 18 ?m. The ATP content of both organisms falls in the 0.16 to 19.9 pg cell-1 model range. In addition, their 13 to 18 ?m size is within the 10 to 50 ?m ballast water size range and in agreement with the average of 15 ?m sed of a coastal plankton size-distribution model.
This study concludes that the ATP-model is reliable, emphasizing the need for caution when converting three-dimensional biomass proxies into linear cell concentrations.
The data used in the validation are accessible here