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Numerical simulations of decay of turbulence generated by fan in a constant volume combustion chamber
No full textSustainable IndustryInternal combustion engines involve complex movements of the air-fuel mixture inside the cylinders (due to air intake and piston movement) which have important implications for ignition from a spark plug and flame front propagation. In real engines, the combustion process happens so quickly that the piston doesn’t move significantly from the time ignition occurs until the time the combustion is complete. Thus the volume of the gas during the combustion process is approximately constant. In a lab setting it is therefore possible to model this process using a constant-volume combustion chamber. Such chambers are commonly used to obtain detailed measurements during combustion. To emulate the air-fuel mixture movement, a fan is installed in a constant-volume combustion chamber to generate turbulence. The fan is then turned off and combustion is initiated. The aim of the experiments is to assess different spark plug designs. However, it is not possible to know exactly how much turbulence (and with what characteristics) is generated by the fan at a given rotational speed, nor can the precise rate at which the turbulence decays be known a priori. This makes controlling experiments to match given real-world engine conditions challenging. The work discussed in this presentation provides a solution: use a detailed computer model of the air-fuel mixture inside the constant-volume combustion chamber to determine how the fan speed and amount of time from fan shut-down affect the turbulence characteristics. To ensure the simulations of the fluid accurately represent reality, high-fidelity simulations are employed. This work will enable experimentalists using the chamber to know precisely when to ignite the air-fuel mixture if conditions are intended to match those of a real-world engine for which data is available
Assumption College Review: Vol. 3: no. 4 (1910: Apr.)
No full text41 numbered pages; mis-numbered as no. 9To view online at the Internet Archive: https://archive.org/details/assumptioncollegereview19100
CAN ONTARIO'S HOUSING CRISIS BE FIXED? UNDERSTANDING THE ORIGINS AND PROPOSED SOLUTIONS TO AN ONGOING CRISIS IN HOUSING AFFORDABILITY.
Get PDFIn the 15 years before the First World War, Toronto's population increased quickly by over 140 percent and the city annexed significant amounts of land to keep up with suburban growth. This period marked the beginning of the housing challenges in Toronto (Purdy, 2003). Stagnant real incomes, the delayed expansion of the streetcar system, and rising residential densities all contributed to Toronto's housing crisis during this period of reforms. Since then, the size of Toronto’s population increased from 470,000 before the First World War to 6,372,000 in 2023 and the housing crisis has only gotten worse, with 1 in 5 households in the GTA living in core housing need (Fung et al., 2023). Considering the recent housing problems reported in the GTA, the question is how the current housing crisis has been impacted by the historical context of Toronto’s urban development as well as ongoing economic and social problems. To answer this question, this paper seeks to critically examine the multiple aspects of housing affordability in GTA. It will analyze the main factors contributing to the affordability crisis in the region and further delve into the daunting barriers that Ontario residents, including homeless individuals, encounter while attempting to access affordable housing in the GTA It will also explore various recommendations and solutions that have emerged in the quest to tackle the housing crisis in GTA. While these solutions contribute to mitigating the housing crisis, it is imperative for the government to collaborate with agencies and stakeholders to diversify the economy and allocate additional resources for job creation. This comprehensive approach, incorporating the benefits of proposed policies while addressing their flaws, is crucial for developing long-term and equitable solutions as the GTA navigates its housing crisis
Focus on International Joint Commission Activities (ISSN 0832-6673): vol.14 iss.1
No full textThe 1978 Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement requires the International Joint Commission (IJC) to make a full report at least every two years to the Governments of the United States and Canada and to state and provincial governments concerning progress to accomplish the goals of the Agreement
Unconventional Transistor Design Approaches for Enhanced Sensing Performance
Get PDFTraditional transistor design approaches to increase chip density and device performance predominantly involve increasing the width-length ratio of planar structures and developing complex three-dimensional structures via width folding and vertical stacking. In transistor-based sensor design, trends for improving sensitivity emphasize an extended sensing area to facilitate a greater number of analyte interactions. However, these approaches are limited within traditional rectangular topology and complicate fabrication. In contrast, this work introduces transistor designs that establish unique channel configuration criteria for unconventional topologies. Three approaches are presented in this work to strategically modulate transistor performance and include modifications in the sensing area, width-length ratio, and electric field distribution. The proposed topologies challenge traditional transistor design criteria to maintain a consistent channel length while expanding the functional gate area. Among the topologies introduced are the Cross and the Octagram, designed to improve the sensitivity of open-gate junction field-effect transistors. Original implementations of these designs are fabricated using organic field-effect transistors and are characterized for the first time against existing reference topologies, evaluated based on performance metrics relevant to their functionality as sensors. The findings demonstrate the Octagram’s potential for low-power applications due to its low threshold voltage. The Cross-channel configuration achieves at least a fourfold increase in current response compared to the conventional rectangular design with the same branch width-length ratio. Its transconductance also exhibits enhancements of up to 5.5 and 4.8 times greater than the conventional rectangular references of the same branch width-length ratios and open gate area, respectively. Modifications to the size, number, geometry or biasing configuration further enhance the Cross’s tunability, highlighting its capacity for improving sensor linearity. The simplicity of the proposed design approaches presented in this work enables their application across various field-effect transistor technologies with similar expected performance improvements without complicating fabrication
Focus on International Joint Commission Activities (ISSN 0832-6673): vol.17 iss.2
No full textIn mid-June, Commissioner Hilary Cleveland and Commission staff visited four communities on the north shore of Lake Superior to meet with the local Remedial Action Plan (RAP) teams, Public Advisory Committee (PAC) members, RAP technical re- viewers, local news media and others interested in the cleanup plans in the four North Shore Areas of Concern: Jackfish Bay, Nipigon Bay, Peninsula Harbour and Thunder Bay
Spirit: Bridging the Gap Between Actor and Character
No full textUnderstanding BordersIn Moscow at the turn of the twentieth century, Konstantin Stanislavski developed the technique 'Psychological Realism', which involved the actor using their own past experiences and memories to psychologically fuel a character. Years later, Stanislavski's pupil, Michael Chekhov, developed his own technique, “Psychophysical Acting†. With this approach, actors use gestures and images inspired by nature, architecture, and myth to develop the psychology of the character, rather than drawing from their personal lives. From Stanislavski and Chekhov, we get two distinct approaches to the actor-character relationship – Stanislavski emphasizes the similarities while Chekhov emphasizes the differences. The gap in the field is not within the techniques themselves, but in the existence of a third, intermediary method. We want to find different ways to keep actors safe while simultaneously allowing them to bring more of their personal artistic taste and creative aesthetic to the work. We are trying to find a balance between the methodologies we have been taught so that actors can bring the essence of themselves to the character without bringing the baggage of their personal experiences, as this is where acting can become quite psychologically dangerous if not done correctly. We are addressing this problem by exploring an exercise called Spirit, which we are currently developing in conjunction with Prof. Lionel Walsh in the Inspired Acting Lab. Thus far we have experienced that Spirit allows for more creative risk, yet more personal safety for the actor. Further research will help us qualify our experiences. Our approach will involve the two researchers each working on monologues from the same two characters while incorporating the Spirit exercise. We will explore how individual Spirits affect the characters differently, which will hopefully make each performance of the monologue unique to the actor. At the same time, we will explore how each researcher transforms between the two characters, which will incorporate Chekhov's philosophy of complete actor transformation. We will journal our rehearsals, observing how Spirit affects the process. We will also invite a third party evaluator to a final rehearsal to note how Spirit affected our work and identify the differences or similarities between the monologues and characters. We hope to undergo a more enriched artistic experience by creating a common ground between these two methodologies, and add to the ever-growing canon of exercises for character development
Recognizing the Queer: The Challenges and Opportunities Facing Queer Subjectivity
No full textThe deliberate rejection of heteronormative values presents both a challenge and an opportunity to enrich ethical life. Drawing heavily from the critique of Hegel present in Butler's Giving an Account of Oneself, this paper examines the impact of the queer subject in the scene of address. What are some complications of establishing a “queer” ethic? My paper explores this by asking what is a queer attitude and how does one complicate reciprocal recognition? From there, the paper examines Maria Lugones on coalitionism to examine how different vested interests can become mutually enriching instead of destructive. This is complicated by a consideration of Michael Foucault as well as Didier Eribon’s discussion of Foucault and the damage of the homophobic insult on the formation of the gay "self." This consideration of the "queer" subject is used to examine the rampant misogyny that is alive and well today, as described by Phillip Kimmel in Guyland. In summary, antagonistic normative values complicate the scene of address between the "queer" and the "normal" and, negative beliefs about identities like queer make coalitions and community difficult as homophobia instills an unwillingness to associate with what we identify with
The relationship between relative age, ADHD and well-being
No full textDr. Wattie's research focuses on psychosocial and environmental constraints on athlete development, sport expertise, and skill acquisition in sport, as well as the psychosocial and physical health outcomes associated with sport participation and physical activity. He has published over 20 peer reviewed journal articles and book chapters on relative age effects in sport and educational contexts, including empirical studies, reviews and a comprehensive theoretical framework. He has also given numerous presentations on the topic at national and international conferences, and to community stakeholders. Dr. Wattie's research on relative age effects has been supported by grants from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC) of Canada and Sport Canada's Sport Participation Research Initiative (SPRI)The relationship between relative age, ADHD and well-being Relative age effects describe a range of outcomes associated with age differences within cohorts. Predominantly, these outcomes advantage older youth within their age group cohorts. While outcomes such as academic achievement and athlete development predominate in the literature, evidence also suggests that relative age can influence health and wellbeing. For example, evidence suggests that relatively younger children may be at a greater risk of being diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and subsequently medicated. This presentation will highlight research on the relative age-ADHD relationship in youth and adult populations, the potential etiology for these relationships, as well as the research, pedagogical and policy implications of these findings. The aim of this presentation is to promote critical discussion, and stimulate future directions for relative age research
Teaching as Coevolving: An Approach to Online Course Design
Get PDFThe growth of online learning in higher education, over the last decade and its exponential development due to COVID-19, has opened up exciting possibilities for instructors by providing access to new modes of course design not possible within the constraints of a traditional classroom. One approach to enhancing the student online learning experience is Universal Design for Learning (UDL), in which students are able to engage with the material in a manner appropriate to their current situation. By using this approach, courses can be designed in ways that allow students to take personalized paths to achieve the course outcomes. The purpose of this presentation is to outline the lessons learned for designing online courses using UDL. The courses used courses provided multiple entry points for learning, so that students, with all their diversities, can adapt activities to fit their needs, emergent abilities, and interests. UDL can be expressed in four sub-principles: 1) providing multiple means of representation, with spaces for unanticipated possibilities to emerge; 2) providing multiple means for students to express what they know and what they have learned; 3) offering ways into, and explorations beyond, planned experiences; 4) permitting and nurturing specialized interests of individuals, while enhancing possibilities for the collective