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Sensitivity of land-type variations across Canada using S-5p products
Get PDFMethane (CH4), a potent greenhouse gas, traps heat in the atmosphere and significantly contributes to global warming. It is unclear whether CH4 emissions from various land-types and other natural sources have increased substantially in the last decade linked, for example, to global warming and uncertainties remain regarding sources and their spatial extent causing discrepancies between emission estimates from inventories/models and estimates inferred by an ensemble of atmospheric inversions. Here we compared remotely sensed CH4 total column data, along with surface albedo from the Sentinel-5 Precursor (S-5p) satellite against six main temperate zone land types (marsh, swamp, forest, grassland, cropland, and barren-land across Canada over a four-year period (2019–2022). The study developed a machine learning based algorithm that can be used to classify between such different land types using S-5p products. From 2019 to 2022, the average producer’s accuracy (PA) across all land types ranged from 50.8 % to 98.4 %, while the average user’s accuracy (UA) ranged from 69.9 % to 95.4 %. Although the methodology presented does not directly differentiate the methane fluxes from different land types, it does provide a foundation that with better ground truth monitoring and higher resolution imagery, could lead to a being able to differentiate methane emissions between land types with increased confidence, as well as determining whether significant changes are occurring over time. This would yield valuable insights for climate scientists and policy makers at both national and international levels
Studies on Crambidae III: New genus of Pyraustinae for the Afrotropical region. (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae: Pyraustinae) .
No full textSpace Weather User Engagement Activities: Training and Webinars
Get PDFEurope already has a wealth of expertise and assets providing high-quality scientific observations, results and models in the domain of space weather, together with a growing number of space-weather'products' - processed, usable data - which are being used by customers across Europe in industry, government and research institutes. ESA's Space Weather (SWE) Service Network builds firmly upon this foundation to implement a federated European Space Weather service provision concept, avoiding duplication and ensuring that these existing assets and resources play a key role in Europe's new coordinated Space Weather Service provision system. In addition to the development and provision of timely and reliable space weather information to end users, the ESA Space Weather Service Network also performs user training, service test and communication campaign, as well as other end-user engagement activities that include training and webinars on Space Weather topics and portal utilization. The present article explains the user engagement activities objectives, implementation and lessons learned of the past years and strategy for the near future. The training and webinar activities include generic and open training sessions organized in the frame of existing events (e.g. European Space Weather Week) and mission-specific customized training provide to spacecraft/mission teams (e.g. EUMETSAT, BepiColombo...). The initial webinars implemented and the webinar communication plan for 2022 and 2023 aim at enabling existing and new users of the ESA Space Weather resources. The User Engagement activities, including training, are coordinated, prepared and implemented by a consortium of companies and research institutes, as part of the ESA Space Weather Service Network
Hidden species diversity in the <i>Enteromius</i> Cope, 1867 (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from the Aruwimi basin (Middle Congo) in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve (Democratic Republic of the Congo).
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Studies on Crambidae IV A new <i>Stemorrhages</i> species from Madagascar (Lepidoptera, Pyraloidea, Crambidae, Spilomelinae) .
No full textOne Health monitoring reveals invasive freshwater snail species, new records, and undescribed parasite diversity in Zimbabwe
No full textBackground Snail-borne trematodes afflict humans, livestock, and wildlife. Recognizing their zoonotic potential and possible hybridization, a One Health approach is essential for effective control. Given the dearth of knowledge on African trematodes, this study aimed to map snail and trematode diversity, focusing on (i) characterizing gastropod snail species and their trematode parasites, (ii) determining infection rates of snail species as intermediate hosts for medically, veterinary, and ecologically significant trematodes, and (iii) comparing their diversity across endemic regions. Methods A cross-sectional study conducted in 2021 in Chiredzi and Wedza districts in Zimbabwe, known for high human schistosomiasis prevalence, involved malacological surveys at 56 sites. Trematode infections in snails were detected through shedding experiments and multiplex rapid diagnostic polymerase chain reactions (RD-PCRs). Morphological and molecular analyses were employed to identify snail and trematode species. Results Among 3209 collected snail specimens, 11 species were identified, including schistosome and fasciolid competent snail species. We report for the first time the invasive exotic snail Tarebia granifera in Zimbabwe, which was highly abundant, mainly in Chiredzi, occurring at 29 out of 35 sites. Shedding experiments on 1303 snails revealed a 2.24% infection rate, with 15 trematode species identified through molecular genotyping. Five species were exclusive to Chiredzi: Bolbophorus sp., Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma mattheei, Calicophoron sp., and Uvulifer sp. Eight were exclusive to Wedza, including Trichobilharzia sp., Stephanoprora amurensis, Spirorchid sp., and Echinostoma sp. as well as an unidentified species of the Plagiorchioidea superfamily. One species, Tylodelphys mashonensis, was common to both regions. The RD-PCR screening of 976 non-shedding snails indicated a 35.7% trematode infection rate, including the presence of schistosomes (1.1%) Fasciola nyanzae (0.6%). In Chiredzi, Radix natalensis had the highest trematode infection prevalence (33.3%), while in Wedza, R. natalensis (55.4%) and Bulinus tropicus (53.2%) had the highest infection prevalence. Conclusions Our xenomonitoring approach unveiled 15 trematode species, including nine new records in Zimbabwe. Schistosoma mansoni persists in the study region despite six mass deworming rounds. The high snail and parasite diversity, including the presence of exotic snail species that can impact endemic species and biomedically important trematodes, underscores the need for increased monitoring
