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Protecting an artificial savanna as a nature-based solution to restore carbon and biodiversity in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Jean Capart, Neferirtenef et les mastabas perdus d’Auguste Mariette
No full textLa chapelle funéraire de Neferirtenef (E.02465) est, depuis 1906, un des monuments les plus importants de la section de l’Ancien Empire des Musées royaux d’Art et d’Histoire à Bruxelles (MRAH). Si les circonstances de son acquisition et de son dégagement à Saqqara nord à l’hiver 1905-1906 par Jean Capart nous sont connues, l’emplacement exact du mastaba dont elle provient – un monument initialement découvert par Auguste Mariette au milieu du XIXe siècle – est longtemps demeuré imprécis. L’analyse de nouvelles archives écrites et photographiques, exhumées aux MRAH à l’occasion du projet de recherche SURA (2020-2023), a récemment permis non seulement de replacer le mastaba de Neferirtenef sur la carte de Saqqara mais aussi d’identifier quatre autres mastabas mis au jour par Mariette et qui furent également redécouverts à l’occasion de l’opération conduite par Capart en 1905-1906.
Since 1906, the funerary chapel of Neferirtenef (E.02465) is one the centrepieces of the Old Kingdom section at the Royal Museums of Art and History, Brussels (RMAH). Although the circumstances of its acquisition and its clearing at North Saqqara by Jean Capart during the Winter of 1905-1906 are well known, the exact location of the mastaba to which it belonged –a monument originally discovered by Auguste Mariette in the middle of the 19th century– remained obscure for a long time. The analysis of recently found written and photographic archives at the RMAH, studied within the scope of the research project SURA (2020-2023), helped not only to position the mastaba of Neferirtenef on the map of Saqqara, but also to identify four other mastabas found by Mariette, that were also re-exposed during Capart’s 1905-1906 operation
Climate change could fuel urinary schistosomiasis transmission in Africa and Europe
No full textThe freshwater snail Bulinus truncatus is an important intermediate host for trematode parasites causing urogenital schistosomiasis, a tropical disease affecting over 150 million people. Despite its medical importance, uncertainty remains about its global distribution and the potential impacts of climate change on its future spread. Here, we investigate the distribution of B. truncatus, combining the outputs of correlative and mechanistic modelling methods to fully capitalize on both experimental and occurrence data of the species and to create a more reliable distribution forecast than ever constructed. We constructed ensemble correlative species distribution models using 273 occurrence points collected from different sources and a combination of climatic and (bio)physical environmental variables. Additionally, a mechanistic thermal suitability model was constructed, parameterized by recent life-history data obtained through extensive lab-based snail-temperature experiments and supplemented with an extensive literature review. Our findings reveal that the current suitable habitat for B. truncatus encompasses the Sahel region, the Middle East, and the Mediterranean segment of Africa, stretching from Southern Europe to Mozambique. Regions identified as suitable by both methods generally coincide with areas exhibiting high urogenital schistosomiasis prevalence. Model projections into the future suggest an overall net increase in suitable area of up to 17%. New suitable habitat is in Southern Europe, the Middle East, and large parts of Central Africa, while suitable habitat will be lost in the Sahel region. The change in snail habitat suitability may substantially increase the risk of urogenital schistosomiasis transmission in parts of Africa and Southern Europe while reducing it in the Sahel region
Assessing the Space Environment and its Effects on Space Missions with SPENVIS
Get PDFThe SPace ENVironment Information System is an ESA operational software that has been developed and maintained by BIRA-IASB since 1996. It provides free access to an integrated set of space environment and effect models through a user-friendly Web interface. Although initially designed to help spacecraft engineers to perform a rapid analysis of space environment issues, SPENVIS has become over the years a multi-purpose tool that is used by a worldwide user community, including spacecraft designers and operators, electronic component designers, teachers, and scientists (e.g., model developers). The radiation environment models in SPENVIS cover the radiation belts (around Earth and Jupiter), galactic cosmic rays and solar energetic particles. Fluxes and fluences derived from these models are used to calculate ionising and non-ionising dose, degradation of solar cells and single event effects for various shielding configurations or in combination with a sectoring analysis. Some Geant4-based Monte Carlo tools (e.g., MULASSIS, GRAS) for performing fluence, dose, LET, charging and pulse height analyses are available as well. Due to radiation or plasma interactions, risk estimates for electrostatic discharges can be calculated with simple 1D engineering charging codes. Next to the radiation environment, SPENVIS also includes atmosphere and ionosphere models to evaluate e.g., the impact of atomic oxygen on spacecraft surfaces. The meteoroid/debris tools implemented in SPENVIS allow an estimation of the meteoroid and debris particle fluxes on randomly oriented surfaces in a user-defined orbit. In addition, particle/wall interaction models are integrated for the micro-particle environment risk analysis in terms of computing the critical particle and crater of hole diameter. In this paper an overview is presented of the SPENVIS integrated models and how they will operate together in a new SPENVIS framework that is in development under ESA contract and sponsored by the Belgian Space Policy. The new SPENVIS system will incorporate new models for the space environment and make use of ESA's Network of Models. The latter is a lightweight framework that provides access to the models and data via a common web API allowing to run also models available in other external frameworks and vice versa. Finally, it is illustrated how SPENVIS is exploited in ESA's Network of Space Weather Services where it is a key product in the service domain of spacecraft designers, operators, and human spaceflight. Copyright © 2022 by the Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB). Published by the IAF, with permission and released to the IAF to publish in all forms
Fouilles archéologiques sur le site de l'ancien Parking 58-Bruxelles : premiers résultats
Get PDFFouilles archéologiques sur le site de l’ancien Parking 58 - Bruxelles
Premiers résultat