USU-IR Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara
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Antibacterial Activity of the Ethanolic Extract Combination of Petai ( Parkia Speciosa Hassk.) Skins and Shallot (Allium Cepa L.) Skins Against Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia Coli
No full textBackground: A major health problem today, not only in Indonesia but also globally, is infection. Infections are caused by bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are two examples of bacteria that can infect humans and cause infectious diseases. The skin of shallots (Allium cepa L.) and petai (Parkia speciosa Hassk.) which have been studied for their antibacterial properties.
Objective: To determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of shallot and petai skins against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in single and combination administration. Methods: In this study, the manufacture of simplicia powder, characterization of simplicia (determination of water content, water-soluble extract content, ethanol-soluble extract content, total ash content, and acid-insoluble ash content), phytochemical screening, extraction of ethanol extract of shallot and petai skins using the maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent, and antibacterial activity test of the extract in single and combined concentrations using DMSO into several concentrations, namely 100 mg/mL; 10 mg/mL; 1 mg/mL; 0.8 mg/mL; 0.6 mg/mL; 0.4 mg/mL; 0.2 mg/mL for single administration, then use the minimum inhibitory concentration of single administration as the combined concentration. With a positive control of 30 mg/mL chloramphenicol against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using the paper disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer test) to obtain the inhibitory diameter. Results: Examination of the characteristics of dried powder on samples of shallot skin obtained water content of 8.65% and petai skin 7.29%, water soluble extract content of shallot skin 16.05% and petai skin 18.16%, ethanol content of soluble extract of shallot skin 14.88% and 20.01% petai skin, total ash content of shallot skin 0.90% and petai skin 1.44%, and acid insoluble ash content of shallot skin 0.42% and petai skin 0.24%. Secondary metabolites including flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, and steroids/triterpenoids were found in the simplex and ethanol extracts of shallot and petai peels based on phytochemical screening results. Antibacterial activity tests against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus showed that the combined extract concentration produced the same bacterial inhibition zone as the single extract concentration. Conclusion: Ethanol extracts of shallot skin and petai skin have antibacterial activity when given as a single extract, and if the extracts are combined, the inhibition zone will be the same as the single extract test against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.113 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Influence of Fixed Asset Turnover, Market Risk, Return On Sales, Dividend Payout Ratio, on Trading Volume Activity in Textile Companies Listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange
No full textThis research aims to examine the influence of Fixed Asset Turnover,
Market Risk, Return On Sales, and Dividend Payout Ratio on Trading Volume
Activity. The independent variables in this research are Fixed Asset Turnover,
Market Risk, Return On Sales, and Dividend Payout Ratio. Meanwhile the
dependent variable is Trading Volume Activity. This research has a population of
20 companies in the textile sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI)
for the 2019-2023 period. The data used is secondary in the form of annual
financial reports and other official websites of textile sector companies. The
sampling technique was carried out through purposive sampling, and obtained
100 observations. This research uses a multiple linear regression test with Eviews
13. The results of this research show that Fixed Asset Turnover, Return On Sales,
Dividend Payout Ratio have a positive and insignificant effect on Trading Volume
Activity. Meanwhile, Market Risk has a significant negative effect on Trading
Volume Activity.112 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Strategy Analysis of the Surabaya Department of Population and Civil Registration in Building Brand Image through Instagram SWARGALOKA (Suara Warga Mengelola Kebutuhan Administrasi Kependudukan)
No full textThis study aims to analyze the strategy of the Department of Population and Civil Registration (Disdukcapil) of Surabaya City in building its brand image through the Instagram account @swargaloka.sby. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach, employing Regina Luttrell’s Circular Model of SoMe for Social Communication as the main analytical framework. Data were collected through direct observation of @swargaloka.sby’s activities, documentation, and in-depth interviews with nine informants, consisting of four key informants (main Instagram managers) and five supporting informants (followers of the Swargaloka account). The findings show that Swargaloka’s digital communication strategy focuses on creative content management, systematic planning, and alignment with social media trends and the demographic characteristics of its followers, mainly Gen Z and millennials. Although public interaction through comments is limited, the team actively responds to inquiries via direct messages (DMs) to maintain the security of personal data. Swargaloka distinguishes itself from the official Disdukcapil account by adopting a more relaxed, interactive communication style and visually appealing content that resonates with younger audiences. This study concludes that the Swargaloka Instagram account helps shape a brand image of Disdukcapil as more approachable, adaptive, and human-centered in the eyes of the public.263 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Exergy Analysis on Laboratory-Scale Steam Power Generation System: Experimental Approach
No full textThis research aims to conduct exergy analysis on a laboratory-scale steam power generation system using an experimental approach. Exergy analysis was performed to evaluate the thermodynamic performance of each main system component consisting of pump, saturated boiler, superheat boiler, turbine, and condenser based on the second law of thermodynamics. Data collection was conducted every 5 minutes during steady-state operating conditions with parameters including temperature, pressure, and mass flow rate at each component. The research results show that the exergy efficiency of each component is: pump 70%, saturated boiler 14.28%, superheat boiler 13.03%, turbine 79.62%, and condenser 15.91%. Analysis of exergy destruction distribution reveals that the boiler dominates exergy losses with a contribution of 95% of the total system exergy destruction, where the superheat boiler contributes 51% and the saturated boiler 44%, while the condenser contributes 4% and the turbine only 0.6%. The total system exergy efficiency reaches 3.23%, which is considered low compared to industrial-scale steam power plants. The low system efficiency is caused by the dominance of exergy destruction in the combustion and heat transfer processes in the boiler, as well as design limitations at the laboratory scale. This research provides understanding of the location and magnitude of exergy losses in steam power generation systems that can be used as a basis for system performance optimization.65 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Effectiveness Analysis of A Liquid Suction Heat Exchanger on The Performance of A 0.5 HP Split Air Conditioner Using CFD Simulation
No full textThis study analyses the thermal effectiveness of Liquid Suction Heat Exchanger (LSHE) in a 0,5 PK split AC system with R-290 refrigerant using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation. The use of LSHE aims to improve the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle amidst demands for the use of environmentally friendly refrigerants
with low Global Warming Potential (GWP). Transient numerical simulation was
performed on the fluted tube-in-tube LSHE geometry using ANSYS Fluent, with
boundary conditions validated from experimental data. Simulation results indicate that
the LSHE functions effectively in the ideal domain, reducing the liquid refrigerant
temperature from 32.2°C to an average of 29.93°C and increasing the vapour
refrigerant temperature from 19.8°C to 21.16°C. The ideal simulation results show
that the heat transfer effectiveness reaches 18.27%. However, there is a significant gap
with the experimental results which only recorded an average effectiveness of 12.11%.
This discrepancy is due to the heat loss to the environment during the experiment.
Nonetheless, the Split AC system with the addition of LSHE was managed to achieve.
In conclusion, LSHE has high theoretical potential, but its actual performance is
greatly affected by practical factors such as external heat loss, which is closely related
to thermal insulation.68 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Relationship of Internal and External Factors with Near Miss Incidence in Street Sweepers in Medan Selayang Subdistrict
No full textThe increasing population of Indonesia has an impact on the increasing workforce
in various sectors, including the informal sector such as street sweepers. This job
has a high risk of work accidents, especially near miss incidence which are often
not recognized as early indicators of work accidents. This study aims to analyze the
relationship between internal and external factors with near miss incidence in street
sweepers in Medan Selayang Subdistrict. This research method is a quantitative
research that is analytical in nature using a cross-sectional approach. Samples
were taken using a total population technique totaling 44 workers. The data
collection method used a questionnaire containing questions about knowledge,
communication, use of PPE, and near miss incidence. The participants consisted of
22 (50,0%) workers aged ≤42 years and 22 (50,0%) workers aged >42 years. A
total of 22 (50,0%) workers had completed high school as their highest education
level, and 26 (59,1%) workers had been employed for more than 10 years. The
results of the study showed that 35 (79,5%) workers experienced near misses, 26
(59,1%) workers had poor knowledge, 26 (59,1%) workers had good
communication, and 33 (75,0%) workers did not use complete PPE while working.
The results showed that there was no relationship between knowledge and near
miss incidence with a p-value of 0,128 (p> 0,05), there was a significant
relationship between communication and near miss incidence with a p-value of
0,006 (p<0,05), and the use of PPE with near miss incidence with a p-value of 0,03
(p<0,05). It is recommended that foremen continue to supervise and ensure
communication to workers.94 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Legal Protection for Policyholders Due to Breach of the Utmost Good Faith Principle by Insurance Companies in Life Insurance Policy Issuance (Case Study of Decision No. 135/Pdt.G/2022/PN Jkt.Sel)
No full textInsurance companies that violate the utmost good faith principle, resulting in financial losses to policyholders, may be held liable if the policyholder can prove that such actions caused harm. This study aims to examine the urgency of applying the utmost good faith principle, the legal liability of insurance companies for its violation, and the legal protection available to policyholders affected by such breaches in life insurance policies, with a focus on Decision No. 135/Pdt.G/2022/PN Jkt.Sel.
This research adopts a normative juridical approach with a descriptive nature, utilizing statutory and case law analysis, Secondary data sources were used, with data collected through literature review and document analysis. Data analysis was conducted qualitatively using deductive reasoning.
The urgency of implementing the utmost good faith principle in life insurance policy issuance is regulated under Article 31(2) of the Insurance Law, which mandates that insurance companies provide clear explanations regarding the products offered, including all risks, applicable costs, and other essential information such as the exclusion of benefits, to prospective and existing policyholders. This transparency is crucial in preventing future legal disputes. Regarding legal liability, insurance companies that violate the utmost good faith principle in life insurance policy issuance must compensate policyholders or insured individuals, ensuring legal certainty as stipulated in Article 1365 of the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata). In Decision No. 135/Pdt.G/2022/PN Jkt.Sel, the court ruled that the insurer's removal of the Berkah Healthsafe benefit constituted an unlawful act. Consequently, the defendant was ordered to reimburse the plaintiff for medical treatment and surgery expenses totaling IDR 67,632,158 and to cover court fees amounting to IDR 520,000.138 PagesTesis Magiste
The Phenomenon of Social Media Detoxification as a Reaction to the Negative Effects of Excessive Social Media Use (A Phenomenological Study of Students of the Communication Science Study Program, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of North Sumatra)
No full textThis study is entitled "The Phenomenon of Social Media Detoxification as a Reaction to the Negative Effects of Excessive Use of Social Media (Phenomenological Study of Students of the Communication Science Study Program, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of North Sumatra)." The purpose of this study was to examine the phenomenon of social media detoxification among Communication Science students, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of North Sumatra as a reaction to the negative effects of excessive use of social media. The method used is qualitative research with a phenomenological study approach, which provides an in-depth understanding of students' subjective experiences in detoxifying. The theory used is the theory of resistant media, which emphasizes that users are active audiences who can reject, avoid or reduce media use. The study involved six main informants and two triangulation informants selected through snowball sampling. Data were obtained from in-depth interviews and documentation. The results showed that students detoxified social media as a reaction to the negative effects of social media that were felt such as anxiety and sleep disturbances. The main motivations for detoxifying varied, including internal drives to relieve psychological stress and the need to create personal space. The detoxification process consists of three stages: the initial stage characterized by craving symptoms, the adaptation stage with urge management and self-adjustment, and the change stage resulting in changes in digital mindset and behavior. Strategies used by informants to overcome obstacles include self-reflection and activity diversion. These findings test/strengthen the positive theory by showing that audiences have the capacity to reject and redefine their relationship with media, and have a positive impact on students' psychological well-being.233 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Nursing Care Management for Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Edema through Contrast Bath and Ankle Pumping Therapy in the Inpatient Ward of RSUP H. Adam Malik
No full textOne of the common nursing problems in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is fluid volume excess. Edema is frequently observed in individuals with chronic renal failure, with an incidence rate of approximately 53.8% among CKD patients. If not properly managed, edema can lead to complications such as respiratory distress.
In this senior practicum, the researcher provided nursing care for clients with hypervolemia using non-pharmacological interventions, namely contrast bath therapy and ankle pumping exercises, aimed at reducing the severity of edema in CKD patients. Nursing care was provided through contrast bath therapy by immersing the legs up to the calves alternately in warm water (38.6℃ to 43.3℃ ) and cold water (10℃ to 20℃ ) for a minimum of three consecutive days, from June 11 to June 14, 2025, involving three CKD patients. The results of the implementation showed a decrease in the level of edema among CKD patients following the application of contrast bath and ankle pumping therapy.91 PagesKarya Tulis Profes
Effect of Marinating Combination of Pineapple Stem Juice (Ananas comosus) and Papaya Leaf (Carica papaya L.) on the Physical and Organoleptik Properties of Muscovy Duck
No full textMeat Muscovy duck is a type of poultry that has high potential as a livestock that produces meat and is rich in nutrients. This study aims to determine the effect of marinating a combination of pineapple stem juice and papaya leaf juice on the physical and chemical properties of Muscovy duck meat. This research was conducted in February-March 2025 at the Animal Production Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra. The design used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments. The parameters used in this study were physical properties, namely pH, cooking loss, water holding capacity and organoleptik test. The results of this study indicate that treatment using pineapple stem juice and papaya leaf juice has a significant effect (P0.05) on water binding capacity in duck meat. Based on the results of the study above, the best treatment is the P3 (25% papaya leaf juice + 75% pineapple stem juice) treatment which is the best in improving the physical and organoleptik quality of muscovy duck meat.77 PagesSkripsi Sarjan