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The Mechanism for Proposing Prospective Candidates for President and Vice President by Political Parties from the Perspective of Constitutional Law in Indonesia and the United States
No full textThe proposal of prospective candidates for President and Vice President constitutes the authority of political parties within the Indonesian constitutional system. This research compares the mechanisms for proposing prospective candidates in Indonesia and the United States in order to formulate an ideal concept for the nomination of presidential and vice-presidential candidates. Based on this background, the research addresses three main issues: the role of political parties in proposing prospective candidates for President and Vice President within the Indonesian constitutional system; the mechanism for proposing prospective presidential and vice-presidential candidates in the constitutional system of the United States; and the ideal concept of the nomination mechanism in Indonesia based on a comparison with the United States. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and comparative law approaches. The data were obtained from primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and relevant non-legal materials, which were then qualitatively analyzed to understand the normative framework and practical implementation of the nomination of presidential and vice-presidential candidates within the party systems of Indonesia and the United States. The findings indicate that the mechanism for proposing prospective candidates for President and Vice President in Indonesia remains centralized and elitist, with dominant authority concentrated among central party elites and limited involvement of party members and voters. In contrast, the nomination mechanism in the United States is conducted in a more open and participatory manner through the primary and caucus processes at the state level, which directly influence the selection of candidates at the party’s national convention. Based on this comparison, the research emphasizes the importance of formulating an ideal mechanism for proposing presidential and vice-presidential candidates in Indonesia that is more democratic, transparent, and accountable within the framework of the party system.166 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Analysis of Manganese Content in Well Water and Health Complaints among Community in Terjun Landfill Medan Marelan Subdistrict
No full textWater is a basic necessity for all living things, especially humans, so its quality must
remain clean and free from pollution. One source of clean water that is widely used
is groundwater from wells. However, groundwater is susceptible to pollution, one
of which is by leachate from landfills that can contain heavy metals such as
manganese, which have a negative impact on the environment and human health.
This study aims to analyze the manganese (Mn) content in well water and health
complaints in the community around the Terjun Landfill, Medan Marelan District.
This study is analytical with a cross-sectional design. Well water samples were
taken from 10 houses located <250 m from the Terjun Landfill and 28 respondents.
The water sample testing method used an ICP-OES tool and the results obtained
were three well water samples above the maximum levels set by the Minister of
Health Regulation No. 2 of 2023 (0.1 mg/l), namely 1.250 mg/l, 0.786 mg/l, and
0.382 mg/l. There was no significant relationship between the distance of the well
and the manganese content in the well water (p=0.129). A total of 89.3% (25
people) did not experience health complaints related to manganese exposure. Those
who experienced complaints in the form of tremors were 7.1%, difficulty
maintaining balance was 7.1%, muscle stiffness was 3.6% and all of them occurred
infrequently. Based on the results of the analysis of the risk of manganese exposure
to health, the RQ results for all respondents were still below 1, which means that
exposure was still within safe limits and residents who consumed the water were
not at risk of experiencing health problems. It is hoped that the community will not
use well water as drinking water because there are manganese levels in all well
water even though they have different concentrations.112 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Analysis of Surname Attribution Through the Mangain Process for Non-Batak Toba Ethnic Groups (Study of Balige District Court Decision No.19/Pdt.P/2020/Pn Blg)
No full textInter-ethnic marriages have become increasingly common in the era of urbanization and migration. Batak Toba cultural figures and scholars have sought solutions to accommodate the changing societal conditions. Individuals who have undergone Mangain are entitled to bear the surname (marga) of the adoptive family in accordance with Batak Toba customs. The request to change one's name to include a marga in official identity documents is crucial for the Batak Toba people. Permission for name change is subject to fulfil civil administrative requirements and obtain legal certainty as regulated by Law No. 23 of 2006 (Administrative Adulthood).
This study employs a normative juridical legal research approach, supported by empirical data, with a descriptive analytical research nature. The research methodology incorporates a statute approach and a case approach. The data used consists of primary data obtained from court cases and interviews with judges, and secondary legal sources. Data collection methods involve literature reviews and field studies. Empirical data for this study was collected from the Head of the Civil Registration at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Medan City.
The results of this study show that the court's decision to reject the request on the grounds that it did not meet the adoptive requirements stipulated in Government Regulation No. 54 of 2007 on the implementation of adoption, and because it deems the request was deemed to potentially obscure the applicant's original identity. However, in Batak Toba customary law, particularly the marga (surname) system, marga in identity documents is highly significant, as it determines one's position within the extended family and clarifies lineage status.115 PagesTesis Magiste
The Influence of Audit Capacity Stress, Client Importance, and Auditor Industry Specialization on Audit Quality at Public Accounting Offices in Medan
No full textThe purpose of this research is to examine the influence of audit capacity
stress, client importance, and auditor industry specialization on audit quality at
Public Accounting Offices in Medan. The population of this research are 168
auditors located in Public Accounting Offices in Medan, with the numbers of
sample observed are 71 auditors by purposive sampling method and using
primary data obtained through questionnaries. The data analysis technique used
are descriptive statistics, data quality tests, classical assumption tests, multiple
regression analysis, and hypothesis testing. The result of this research based on t
Test showed that partially, Audit Capacity Stress and Auditor Specialization
Industry have a negative impact on Audit Quality, while Client Importance does
not effect Audit Quality. As simultaneously, Audit Capacity Stress, Client
Importance, and Auditor Specialization Industry have a positive and significant
effect to the audit quality. The coefficient of determination (R2) value is 31,5%
indicates that Audit Quality is influenced by Audit Capacity Stress, Client
Importance, and Auditor Specialization Industry. The remaining 68,5% of Audit
Quality is influenced by other variables outside this research model.111 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose from Alpha Cellulose of Young Coconut Coir (Cocos nucifera L.) by the Method of Alkaline Hydrolysis
No full textBackground: Young coconut coir contains 69% cellulose making it a potential
source for sodium carboxymethyl cellulose production.
Objective: This study aimed to utilize young coconut coir and determine the
optimal sodium hydroxide concentration in the delignification process to obtain
high quality alpha cellulose and produce sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as a
pharmaceutical additive, specifically a gelling agent.
Method: The isolation process started with delignification using the alkaline
hydrolysis method with sodium hydroxide concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%,
followed by bleaching with alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP), and purification
with 17.5% sodium hydroxide. The obtained alpha cellulose was then synthesized
into sodium carbocymethyl cellulose, characterized, and applied as a gelling agent..
Results: High quality alpha-cellulose characteristics were obtained from
delignification using 10% NaOH, yielding 17.73 ± 1.39% in the form of fine, white,
odorless fibers. Sodium carboxymetyhl cellulose produced from young coconut
coir exhibited good characteristics, confirmed through SEM, FT-IR, and XRD
analyses. The degree of substitution was 0.55 (grade quality II), the viscosity of a
2% Na-CMC solution was 401.33 ± 12.76 cP (medium viscosity), and the
crystallinity percentage was 26%, indicating low crystallinity. Sodium
carboxymethyl cellulose derived from young coconut coir, applied as a gelling
agent in ibuprofen gel preparation, met the physical evaluation and stability tests at
room temperature (28±2°C), low temperature (4±2°C), and high temperature
(40±2°C), based on organoleptic, pH, and viscosity assessments.
Conclusion: The alkaline hydrolysis delignification method effectively produces
alpha-cellulose from young coconut fiber. The resulting Na-CMC has the potential
to serve as a gelling agent that meets industry standards.152 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Study on Soil and Water Characteristics After Biodegradation of Palm Oil Trunk Starch-Based Bioplastic
No full textThe increasing use of conventional plastics has raised serious environmental
concerns. Bioplastics, as an environmentally friendly alternative, have attracted
considerable attention. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of soil and
water following the biodegradation of bioplastics made from palm oil trunk waste
starch. The bioplastic used in this study was produced using starch derived from
palm oil trunk waste. Post-biodegradation, the soil and water samples were
analyzed for several parameters. For water, the parameters included pH, Total
Suspended Solids (TSS), and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD); for soil, pH and
organic matter content were measured. The analyses were conducted using
standard methods established by health and environmental agencies. The results
indicate that the biodegradation of bioplastics derived from palm oil trunk starch
has a positive impact on soil and water characteristics. In soil, the pH levels of
Andosol and Podsolic soils returned to stability after a temporary decrease,
accompanied by an increase in organic carbon content, especially in Andosol,
which enhanced soil fertility. In seawater and river water, biodegradation led to
an increase in TSS and BOD levels, indicating higher microbial activity. Based on
the BOD test results, the biodegradation process is still in the exponential phase,
characterized by rapid microbial growth and active organic matter degradation.
However, the process has not yet entered the mortality phase, where the
degradation rate slows due to resource depletion. Overall, this biodegradation
process is safe for soil and water quality, supports ecosystem health, and
represents an environmentally friendly alternative for waste management.147 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Development and Implementation Of A Video Call Elcue Application Based On The Flutter Framework Integrated with Firebase and Agora with Real-Time Detection Of Indonesian Sign Language (Bisindo)
No full textCommunication is a fundamental aspect of human life, but for the Deaf community, social interaction is often hampered due to lack of accessibility in communication technology, especially in the use of video calls. This research aims to design and implement a Flutter-based video call application that can detect Indonesian Sign Language (BISINDO) in real-time and convert voice to text (speech-to-text), with Firebase integration for data management and Agora SDK for video communication. This application is expected to facilitate more inclusive communication between Deaf and non-Deaf people. A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based deep learning model is used to detect hand gestures in BISINDO, while the Flutter speech-to-text plugin is applied for real-time voice transcription. The implementation of the application is done by integrating the technology into a cross-platform mobile platform. System testing was conducted through functionality testing. The test results show that the ElCue application can run well, providing smoother and more inclusive communication for Deaf users, with accurate BISINDO detection and speech-to-text.77 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Sandwich Generation Analysis of the Character Kaluna in the Novel Home Sweet Loan (Ferdinand De Saussure's Semiotic Analysis)
No full textThis research is entitled “Analysis of the Sandwich Generation in the Figure of Kaluna in the Novel Home Sweet Loan (Ferdinand De Saussure Semiotics Analysis).” The research method is qualitative by using Ferdinand De Saussure's semiotic analysis. The purpose of This research aims to analyze the sandwich generation in Kaluna's character in the novel Home Sweet Loan by using Ferdinand De Saussure's semiotics. Ferdinand De Saussure's semiotics. This research examines linguistic signs in the novel through the four main concepts of Saussure's semiotics, namely the signifier and signified, language (langue) and speech (parole), synchronic and diachronic, and syntagmatic and paradigmatic relationships. syntagmatic and paradigmatic relationships. The results showed that Kaluna experiences various challenges as part of the sandwich generation, such as financial burden, family and social demands, and emotional pressure. The research This research is expected to provide a deeper understanding of the phenomenon of the sandwich generation as well as add insight into the study of semiotics and phenomenon and add insight into the study of semiotics and communication science.122 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Influence of Socio-Economic Factors on Lowland Rice Farming Income (Case Study: Desa Karang Anyar, Kecamatan Beringin, Kabupaten Deli Serdang)
No full textThis study examines the influence of social factors (age, education level, farming
experience) and economic factors (land area, production costs, labor) on the
income of rice farmers in Desa Karang Anyar, Kecamatan Beringin, Kabupaten
Deli Serdang. This research sampled 56 rice farmers from the Sami Tani farmer
group. Data was collected through direct interviews with farmers and analyzed
using multiple linear regression. The results of the analysis show that farmer age,
land area, and labor have a significant effect on income, while education level,
farming experience, and production costs are not significant. Simultaneously, all
social and economic factors were significant with an Adjusted R² of 89.3%,
indicating that most of the variation in income can be explained by these factors.83 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Factors That Influence Safety Behavior in Workers at PT. Toba Pulp Lestari, Tbk
No full textTBKSafety behavior refers to the actions taken by workers to minimize the risk of accidents and maintain safety in the workplace. These behaviors include compliance with safety protocols, the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), proactive reporting of hazardous conditions, and participation in activities that promote workplace safety. This study aims to identify the factors influencing safety behavior among workers at PT. Toba Pulp Lestari, Tbk in 2023. The research is quantitative with a cross-sectional approach. Data analysis includes univariate analysis, bivariate analysis using the chi-square test, and multivariate analysis using logistic regression (α = 0.05). The univariate analysis results show that the majority of workers have good knowledge (96.6%), demonstrate safe actions (98.7%), hold positive perceptions (99.3%), receive support from co-workers (87.9%), and have active supervisory roles (96.6%). Additionally, most workers exhibit safe behavior (97.3%). The chi-square test results indicate no significant relationship between knowledge (p-value = 0.592), attitude (p-value = 0.772), and perception (p-value = 0.813) with safety behavior. However, the variables of co-worker support (p-value = 0.001) and supervisory role (p-value = 0.000) show significant relationships. Multivariate analysis reveals that the supervisory role is the most influential factor on safety behavior. It is recommended that the company focus on strengthening knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, co-worker support, and the supervisory role to build a better safety culture in the workplace.206 PagesTesis Magiste