Repositorio Digital Universidad Villanueva
Not a member yet
788 research outputs found
Sort by
A qualitative study exploring teenagers and their parents’ ethical judgments toward influencers as brand ambassadors
No full textSe deposita la versión enviada (preprint) del artículoPurpose: This study explores the reflections and insights of adolescents (aged 11 to 17) and their parents concerning influencer marketing on social media. The focus is on advertising literacy and associated ethical perspectives, including consumer autonomy and the right to know.
Methodology: The research involved conducting 40 interviews with both teenagers and one of their parents.
Findings: The results indicate a contrasting view between adolescents and their parents. While parents emphasized the importance of clear explanations in sponsored posts regarding their commercial nature, the adolescent respondents did not share the same sentiment. They did not consider it necessary for influencers to disclose the advertising aspect of their content. Furthermore, the study reveals that parents' reflections largely omit references to the moral implications of honesty and the right to know in influencer marketing. Originality: These findings highlight the need for a deeper understanding of the dynamics surrounding influencer marketing and the vital role parents can play in fostering ethical advertising literacy among teenagers.Comunicació
La legitimación en la justicia administrativa iberoamericana
Full text linkSe describe el tratamiento de la legitimación en las leyes procesales administrativas iberoamericanas, que tienden a sustituir la exigencia del interés calificado (legítimo, personal y directo) permitiendo la intervención del coadyuvante (interesado indirecto) y la representación de los intereses suprapersonales (colectivos y difusos).The treatment of jus standy in Ibero-American administrative procedural acts are described, which tend to replace the requirement of qualified interest (legitimate, personal and direct) allowing the intervention of the intervener (indirect interested party) and the representation of suprapersonal interests (collective and diffuse).Ciencias Jurídica
Polarización en la opinión pública y política: un análisis de la ley de bienestar animal española en el contexto de X
Full text linkEl análisis de la conversación en X de la entrada en vigor de la llamada “Ley de Bienestar Animal” en España a través de una metodología de análisis de redes sociales (ARS) y de la estadística inferencial muestra cómo los usuarios se agrupan en comunidades que exponen su apoyo u oposición a esta ley a través de los retuits y que giran más alrededor de un ciudadano individual que de una organización, no apareciendo de forma destacada ningún personaje o partido político. El contenido predominante y que más interacción genera es el de carácter neutro-comercial. No se encuentran diferencias en el engagement en relación con la polaridad o subjetividad del mensaje, pero sí en cuanto al formato, en donde los GIF animados son los que presentan puntuaciones más altas, de la misma forma que lo hacen los posts que no incluyen una URL. Los datos muestran, en conclusión, la polarización de los usuarios sin la existencia de debate entre las diferentes comunidades ni entre los diferentes usuarios, aunque formen parte del mismo grupo.The analysis of conversation in X following the enact-ment of the so-called “Animal Welfare Law” in Spain, employing a methodology of Social Network Analysis (SNA) and inferential statistics, elucidates how users form communities expressing either support or oppo-sition to this law through retweets. These communities are centered more around individual citizens rather than organizational entities, with no prominent presen-ce of any specific public figure or political party. The predominant content, generating the highest level of interaction, exhibits a neutral-commercial character. No discernible differences are observed in engagement concerning the polarity or subjectivity of the message; however, variations are evident in terms of format, with animated GIFs receiving higher scores, along with pos-ts lacking a URL. In conclusion, the data reveal user polarization without substantive debate between diffe-rent communities or users, even within the same group.LABCOMCOMUNICAÇÃO & ARTESComunicació
The Credibility of the DMA’s Compliance Reports
Full text linkSe deposita la versión enviada (preprint) del artículoThe institutional setting of the Digital Markets Act (DMA)1 reverses the rationale of the application of Articles 101 and 102 TFEU2 to make profound changes in digital business models. The deterrence-based framework gives way to an instrument based on cooperative engagement between private and public actors. Private undertakings, termed as gatekeepers, bear the burden of submitting compliance reports to the European Commission detailing their technical implementation of the regulation.
Following the first round of compliance reports submitted by six gatekeepers in March 2024, the paper seeks to clarify their role as stemming from their practical significance. To do that, the paper sets out the legal framework and requirements surrounding the submission of compliance reports. The paper then maps out the gatekeeper’s compliance strategies and meters them against the benchmark of their credibility. By doing so, the paper considers a nuanced perspective of the procedural yardstick the enforcer should apply in its future enforcement action.Ciencias Jurídica
The Dilemma of Body Worship: Ethical Concerns in Social Media Advertising
No full textSe deposita la versión enviada (preprint) del artículoThis study explores the ethical implications of social media advertising,
particularly its portrayals of physical appearance and body worship. Employing a
qualitative approach, our aim was to deepen understanding of user concerns and
perceptions regarding these advertising strategies. We conducted 12 focus groups
comprising 80 participants for coding analysis. Our findings reveal users'
adaptability in recognizing advertising content, while also highlighting pervasive
skepticism and societal pressures, particularly regarding societal expectations
related to body image. Moreover, our research identifies a striking lack of
awareness among users of advertising regulations. These results underscore the
critical need for innovative approaches that prioritize honesty and transparency in
social media advertising, particularly concerning respecting individual autonomy
over one's body and encouraging healthy commercial practices.Comunicació
The West Wing: a fictitious dramatization of American idealism
Full text linkThe aim of this article is to investigate the reasons behind the origins of the ideal American society and its embodiment in the television series The West Wing. To this end, the factors that led to the success of the series will be explored, at the precise moment when the public’s viewing habits began to change, as they started demanding more complex and ambiguous dramatic characters. In this context, the article examines the way in which Aaron Sorkin, the creator of the series, approached the writing of the episodes, avoiding overly naive idealism without renouncing the aim of building bridges with the foundations of the American past. The study analyses the most important plots of the first four seasons and their links to the society that emerged in the New World. Despite the problems inherent in such an undertaking, the conclusions show how Sorkin’s dramatic skills managed to dramatize idealism in order to bring the series closer to 21st century audiences, avoiding the cynicism that was starting to take hold in society at that moment, yet at the same time adapting the conflicts of the plot to the level of complexity required by the audience. Moreover, the prestige of the series has outlived the years in which it was produced, as it is still viewed today, at a time when the innocent point of view has decisively disappeared. Among the findings of the study, one interesting fact is that the fictional president, Josiah Bartlet, was given the name of a senator who actually signed the Declaration of Independence.Comunicació
Rebutting Gatekeeper Presumptions in the Digital Markets Act: Case T-1077/23 Bytedance Ltd v European Commission
No full textThe Digital Markets Act (Regulation 2022/1925 on contestable and fair markets in the digital sector, OJ L265/1) operates via a designation process. Undertakings fall within the scope of the regulation if they are characterized as gatekeepers. The categorization as such stems from the fulfilment of three requirements as set out under Article 3(1) DMA: (i) their significant impact on the internal market; (ii) their provision of a core platform service that is an important gateway for business users to reach end users; and (iii) enjoying an entrenched and durable position in its operations.
For the European Commission (the EC) to designate an undertaking as a gatekeeper, it can pursue a quantitative designation in the terms prescribed in Article 3(2) or a qualitative designation under Article 3(8) DMA. The EC has applied the quantitative mechanism for most of its designation decisions, consisting of pairing up the legal requirements under Article 3(1) with legal presumptions. Article 3(2) contains three sets of thresholds (one per each legal requirement). When the thresholds are cumulatively surpassed per each core platform service, the quantitative presumption applies, and the undertaking is understood to be a gatekeeper.Ciencias Jurídica
La relación entre las Congregaciones Marianas y Acción Católica en los años 40 desde la perspectiva de la Compañía de Jesús
Full text linkTras el final de la Guerra Civil, a lo largo de los años 40, en el seno de la Iglesia española se vivió un debate sobre la fórmula de organización del apostolado seglar. Desde la perspectiva de las congregaciones marianas se defendió una colaboración fraternal entre asociaciones, de acuerdo con los dictados de Pío XII y su antecesor, frente a la postura centralizadora y uniformadora de algunos católicos. Para ello, llevaron a cabo una estrategia concreta que acabó dando sus frutos con la constitución apostólica Bis Saeculari.After the end of the Civil War, throughout the 1940s, a debate took place
within the Spanish Church about the correct organization of the lay apostolate. From the perspective of the Marian Congregations, fraternal collaboration between
associations was defended, in accordance with the dictates of Pius XII and his
predecessor, in the face of the centralizing and unifying position of some Catholics.
To this end, they carried out a specific strategy that ended up with the creation of
the Apostolic Constitution Bis saeculari.Educació
“Who was Ernestina de Champourcin!”: Contribution of the poetess to the Lyceum Women’s Club (1926-1936)
Full text linkEste estudio propone analizar el papel de Ernestina de Champourcin en el Lyceum Club Femenino en Madrid durante los años 1926-1936. Su contribución se centró en la colaboración como secretaria de la institución y en la organización de conferencias y actividades literarias. Con este artículo se pretende rellenar un vacío en la historiografía actual sobre la aportación concreta de esta poeta al Lyceum Club. Para dicho objetivo, he apoyado la investigación en el Archivo de la Residencia de Señoritas, en las cartas de la propia poeta (algunas inéditas y otras publicadas) depositadas en el Fondo personal Ernestina de Champourcin del Archivo General de la Universidad de Navarra, contrastadas con su aparición en la prensa y en los epistolarios de sus coetáneos. Además, para evidenciar circunstancias puntuales, ha sido consultado el Archivo Familiar inédito y el Centro Documental de Memoria Histórica.This study aims to analyze the role of Ernestina de Champourcin at the Lyceum Club Femenino in Madrid during the years 1926-1936. Her contribution focused on collaborating as the secretary of the institution, organizing conferences, and literary activities. This article aims to fill a gap in current historiography regarding this poet’s specific contribution to the Lyceum Club. To achieve this goal, I have supported the research using the Archive of the Residencia de Señoritas, the poet’s own letters (some unpublished and others published) deposited in the Ernestina de Champourcin Personal Fund of the General Archive of the University of Navarra, contrasted with her appearances in the press and in the correspondence of her contemporaries. Additionally, to highlight specific references, the unpublished Family Archive and the Documentary Center of Historical Memory have been consulted.Humanidade
Elementos, tonos cromáticos y estrategias visuales en posts de moda sostenible en Instagram
Full text linkLas redes sociales, y en especial aquellas que otorgan un fuerte protagonismo a la imagen, son una herramienta fundamental para que las marcas de moda puedan ser percibidas como sostenibles. El objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar los elementos y colores empleados por las 10 corporaciones de moda con mayor puntuación en los rankings de sostenibilidad cuando suben fotografías e ilustraciones a Instagram y analizar las diferencias existentes entre las publicaciones relacionadas con la sostenibilidad y las que no lo están. A partir del análisis de los 277.955 posts de las 61 marcas que componen estas 10 corporaciones, se identificaron los que tienen términos relacionados con la sostenibilidad, obteniendo una muestra de 12.639 publicaciones. A continuación, se hizo un reconocimiento automatizado de imágenes utilizando la librería de Python Inception V3 y se analizaron los colores utilizados mediante las librerías PIL y colorsys.
Pese a que la ropa y el calzado son los elementos más mostrados cuando se opta por una sola imagen, en la mitad de los casos las marcas combinan varios tipos de imágenes o prescinden incluso del artículo para reforzar el mensaje sostenible con imágenes de naturaleza, deporte, animales o alimentación. En los contenidos sostenibles esta tendencia es más acusada en una estrategia de comunicación orientada a restar protagonismo al artículo final, sometido a un proceso de fabricación industrial, y aportar un contexto más benévolo. Además, hay diferencias cromáticas entre los contenidos sostenibles y los que no lo son.Comunicació