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Fractal Quantum Nambu Mechanics
No full textThis paper develops a comprehensive framework for the extension of classical and quantum mechanics to fractal settings. We begin by summarizing the classical formulation of Fractal Nambu Mechanics and then introduce its quantization. The Fractal Hamilton-Jacobi Theory is established to describe dynamical systems evolving over fractal time and space, followed by a fractal generalization of the quantum Hamilton-Jacobi framework. We further formulate the Fractal Nambu-Hamilton-Jacobi Theory and propose its quantum counterpart–the Quantum Fractal Nambu-Hamilton-Jacobi Theory. These constructions demonstrate how the structure of Nambu mechanics, when combined with local fractal calculus, can provide new insights into systems with multiple invariants and non-smooth geometric evolution
Sustainable conversion of biomass waste into CdO@S-Doped carbon for high-performance energy storage
No full textIn this study, a high-performance and sustainable electrode material was developed from acacia tree bark through a dual-doping strategy involving cadmium oxide (CdO) and sulfur to enhance supercapacitive performance. The biomass precursor was first activated with potassium hydroxide to produce porous activated carbon (ABAC), followed by hydrothermal sulfur doping using sulfuric acid to obtain S-doped ABAC with an enlarged surface area and optimized pore architecture. Subsequently, CdO nanoparticles were uniformly anchored onto the sulfur-doped carbon framework, forming CdO@S-doped ABAC with superior electrical conductivity and abundant redox-active sites. Structural and surface analyses, including XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, BET, and XPS, confirmed the successful incorporation of CdO and sulfur species, resulting in a hierarchically porous structure with enhanced surface functionalities. Electrochemical characterization via cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed a substantial improvement in capacitive behavior. Specifically, S-doped ABAC and CdO@S-doped ABAC exhibited approximately fourfold and fivefold higher specific capacitance, respectively, compared to pristine ABAC. Moreover, the CdO@S-doped ABAC electrode retained 93.6 % of its initial capacitance after prolonged cycling, demonstrating outstanding electrochemical stability. The remarkable enhancement in energy storage performance is attributed to the synergistic interaction between CdO nanoparticles and sulfur dopants, which facilitates efficient charge transport and faradaic activity. These findings highlight the potential of biomass-derived, co-doped carbon materials as environmentally friendly and efficient electrodes for next-generation supercapacitors
Witherite-modified lithium tetraborate glasses: A promising candidate for gamma-ray and fast neutron shielding applications
No full textIn this study, a series of lithium tetraborate (Li2B4O7) based glasses were synthesized by incorporating different amounts of witherite (BaCO3) ranging from 0 to 20 wt% via the conventional melt-quenching method. The amorphous nature of all prepared samples was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), showing a broad humb without any crystalline peaks. The density of the glasses increased from 2.26 g/cm3 (pure LB) to 2.54 g/cm3 with 20 wt% BaCO3 addition, due to the high atomic weight of barium. Gamma-ray attenuation properties were evaluated using a Ba-133 radioactive source (3 Ci) and a high-purity germanium (Ultra Ge) detector, across photon energies of 81, 276, 302, 356, and 383 keV. The linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) at 81 keV increased significantly from 0.382 cm−1 (0 wt%) to 1.956 cm−1 (20 wt%), while the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) rose from 0.169 cm2/g to 0.771 cm2/g in the same range. The half-value layer (HVL) was reduced from 1.814 cm to 0.354 cm at 81 keV, indicating enhanced shielding with increasing BaCO3 content. The effective atomic number also increased as BaCO3 content increased. Buildup factor analyses (EBF and EABF), calculated over the 0.015–15 MeV range, demonstrated that 20 wt% BaCO3-doped samples exhibited lower buildup values than undoped glass across all photon energies and mean free path (mfp) values. Fast neutron attenuation was evaluated by calculating the effective removal cross section (ΣR) with values ranging from 0.10957 to 0.10991 cm−1 for glass samples. In addition, experimental neutron dose measurements confirmed a clear improvement in dose absorption capacity, with the 20 wt% BaCO3 glass absorbing up to 30.45 % of the incident neutron dose. In conclusion, the incorporation of witherite significantly enhances gamma-ray attenuation due to increased density and effective atomic number, while maintaining effective fast neutron shielding from the LB matrix. The developed Li2B4O7–BaCO3 glasses represent a promising dual-function, lead-free shielding material for future radiation protection technologies
Sinematik Düşüncenin Yeniden İnşası: Runway AI Film Festivali Analizi İle Algoritmik Zekâ Tabanlı Görüntü Üretimi
No full textBu çalışma, algoritmik zekâ teknolojilerinin sinema dünyasındaki köklü değişimini RunwayML AI Film Festivali üzerindenincelemektedir. Geleneksel sinemada kameralar fiziksel gerçekliğin ışık izlerini kaydederken, algoritmik zekâ kod ve prompt’lararacılığıyla fiziksel dünyadan bağımsız dijital görüntüler yaratabilmektedir. Araştırmada 2023-2024 yıllarında festivalde gösterilen20 finalist film (her yıldan 10 film) analiz edilmiştir. Festival başvurularının %700’ün üzerinde artması filmlerin uzun süreli halegelmesi, bu teknolojinin hızla geliştiğini göstermektedir. Filmlerin konularına bakıldığında en çok dönüşüm (%35) ve kimlik vehafıza (%30) temalarını işlediği görülmektedir. Bulgular, ünlü sinema kuramcısı André Bazin’in “fotoğraf gerçeğin kendisidir”görüşünün sorgulanması gerektiğini göstermektedir. Sinema yapımı eskiden “kamera-set-oyuncu” üçlüsüne dayanırken, artık“kod-metin-algoritma” sistemine dönüşmektedir. Bu değişim, sinema tarihçisi Sean Cubitt’in fotoğraf temelli sinemanın geçici birdönem olduğu öngörüsünü doğrulamakta ve sinemanın temel yapısını köklü biçimde değiştirmektedir.</p
Integrated hydrogen generation and energy storage using pyrolysis-derived sulfur and nitrogen co-doped carbon from waste biomass
No full textIn this work, a sustainable dual-functional porous carbon was produced from waste tea leaves through pyrolysis-based activation followed by sulfur–nitrogen co-doping (S/N-TWAC). Structural analyses (TEM, XPS, BET) confirmed successful heteroatom incorporation, nanoscale particle formation, and significant improvements in surface area and porosity. The S/N-TWAC catalyst exhibited excellent activity toward NaBH4 methanolysis, generating H2 rapidly within 8.5 min and achieving an HGR of 9582 mL/min/g, which increased to 18190 mL/min/g at 50 °C (Ea = 27.49 kJ/mol). The catalyst retained over 68 % of its activity after five cycles, demonstrating good durability. In addition, S/N-TWAC served as an efficient supercapacitor (SC) electrode, delivering a threefold capacitance enhancement and 94.8 % retention over 10000 cycles. A symmetric device assembled with this material achieved an energy density of 5.6 Wh/kg at 600 W/kg with 92.6 % cycling stability. Overall, the study highlights the effectiveness of pyrolysis in producing multifunctional biomass-derived carbons and identifies S/N-TWAC as a promising material for both H2 generation and energy storage applications
Cauchy problem approach to biharmonic models in fractal time and space
No full textThis paper pioneers the application of fractal calculus to higher α-order differential models defined on non-Euclidean spaces. We establish and solve the fractal Cauchy problem for the biharmonic equation, providing detailed visualizations that demonstrate the unique influence of fractal geometry on solution behavior. The methodology is subsequently validated through applications to critical physical scenarios, namely the cooling of a clamped thin beam and the vibration of a thin elastic plate. These case studies reveal how the fractal dimensions of time and space fundamentally modify the dynamics of classical systems. Overall, this study underscores the effectiveness and necessity of fractal calculus for accurately capturing complex, scale-dependent phenomena in non-standard frameworks
THE FIRST REPORT ON THE ISOLATION, GENOMIC AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ENDOPHYTE STAPHYLOCOCCUS HOMINIS FROM OAT (AVENA SATIVA L. CV. ALBATROS)
No full textEndophytes include microorganisms that live in/between the tissues of plants but do not cause any visible signs of disease in their host. In this study, in silico analyses were performed on the whole genome data obtained using Illumina HiSeq sequencing technology for Staphylococcus sp. G15S1, isolated as an endophyte from Avena sativa L. cv. Albatros. The isolate was also examined İn vitro for its plant growth promoting (PGP) properties, biochemical characterization, resistance profile to some metals and antibiotics, and ability to synthesize hydrolytic enzymes. Detailed genomic analyses revealed that Staphylococcus sp. G15S1 genome consisted of a circular chromosome (2.21 Mbp; 31.4% G+C content). In the whole genome-based phylogenetic analysis, G15S1 was clustered together with Staphylococcus hominis NCTC 11320 with a digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) value of 92.9%. Annotation showed that the G15S1 genome consisted of 2199 protein-coding genes, 60 tRNAs, and 9 rRNA operons. Although genomic analyzes predicted that G15S1 encoded genes for phosphate solubility, siderophore, and indole acetic acid (IAA) synthesis, which were useful in promoting plant growth, İn vitro tests were negative for phosphate solubility and IAA synthesis. Genes for production of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and peroxidases stress regulator that confer resistance to oxidative stress in plants were also identified in G15S1. Moreover, genes for choline and glycine betaine biosynthesis were also found in the genome related with osmotic stress. The core genome data revealed 44 genes responsible for the defense properties of the G15S1 isolate, including virulence, disease, resistance to antibiotics and toxic compounds. Furthermore, genomic mining for pathogenicity revealed 14 gene clusters encoding proteins such as regulatory protein BlaR1, QacA, beta-lactamase, LysR-type transcriptional regulator, transposase and staphylococcal accessory regulator A proteins. These findings strongly suggested that G15S1 matched with Staphylococcus hominis, might also be a human pathogen. This is the first report of the isolation of S. hominis from Avena sativa L. as an endophyte, supporting the hypothesis that the internal tissues of plants can be a reservoir for opportunistic human pathogenic bacteria.</p
MXene electrode functionalized with surfactants for efficient electrochemical determination of Vandetanib
No full textVandetanib (VND), a multikinase inhibitor used in cancer treatment, was analyzed electrochemically using a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with Ti₃C₂Tx-MXene suspended in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The successful synthesis and structural characterization of Ti₃C₂Tx-MXene were confirmed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The electrochemical characterization of the MX@SDS/GCE sensor was carried out using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The sensor showed a linear response for VND concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 2.50 μg mL−1 using the square-wave voltammetry (SWV) technique and demonstrated high sensitivity and stability in biological samples. The use of 2D MXene and SDS provided a large surface area, high conductivity, and strong interaction with VND, enhancing the sensor's selectivity and reproducibility. The optimized sensor achieved a low detection limit of 0.003 μg mL−1 (6.3 × 10−9 M), with relative standart deviation RSD values of 3.0 %, 3.1 %, and 3.7 % for repeatability, reproducibility, and stability, respectively, highlighting its reliability and potential as a robust electrochemical platform for VND determination. Recovery tests in urine and serum demonstrated excellent accuracy, with 0.0097 ± 0.0003 μg mL−1 (97 %, bias −3.0 %) and 0.0098 ± 0.0003 μg mL−1 (98 %, bias −2.0 %), respectively
