Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future
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Unconventional resistance under the land bank agency regime in agrarian conflicts
No full textBackground: The land bank agency, a product of the Job Creation Law, has eclipsed any hope of resolving agrarian conflicts in Indonesia. Various resistances against arbitrary land claims by indigenous communities continue, complemented by unconventional forms of resistance to achieve justice. Using the perspective of unconventional resistance or everyday resistance introduced by Scott, the author attempts to highlight how communities struggle through avenues other than legal channels in agrarian conflicts against the Land Bank Agency. Methods: This study employs a qualitative normative approach, drawing on secondary sources to analyse agrarian law, the Land Bank Agency, and related legal conflicts before and after its establishment in Indonesia. Findings: With the support of various references, this study finds that non-conventional resistance against the Land Bank Agency in agrarian conflicts has similar or more severe challenges than agrarian conflicts in the regime before the Land Bank Agency. The presence of the Land Bank Agency further exacerbates the situation with strong legal legitimacy to carry out land grabs and unilateral claims to land. All of this is intended for national development ideals supported by private investment. Conclusion: Non-conventional resistance from indigenous communities against the Land Bank Agency faces new challenges where indigenous communities are increasingly difficult to achieve their goals and are increasingly easy to criminalize in the process of fighting for land control rights. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study highlights something that has not previously been prioritized in research on the Land Bank Agency, namely the results of community reactions to conflicts involving the Land Bank Agency. Specifically, the author tries to show how the results of non-conventional community resistance in agrarian conflicts under the Land Bank Agency regime
Amicus curiae in enriching the consideration of judges when making decision on criminal case
Get PDFBackground: This study aims to determine and analyze how amicus curiae can enrich the consideration of judges' decisions to impose a criminal case decision and to determine and analyze the contribution of amicus curiae in criminal cases in Indonesian courts by Supreme Court Judges. Methods: The research method uses the Normative Juridical type, with in-depth analysis of several decisions, literature, journals, and doctrines. Findings: The results show that amicus curiae is not explained normatively in Indonesian legislation because it is a legal system adopted from the United States. Judges in handing down a decision can never be separated from the social desires demanded by reality, this makes judges have to carefully consider the decision of a case until an additional opinion from an amicus curiae is needed. It was found that amicus curiae as a "neutral" party was used by judges to be considered in handing down a case orally or in writing. Amicus curiae has participated in the development and decision of jurisprudence in the field of criminal law, where an amicus can state his statement both at the first, appellate and cassation court stages. Conclusion: The conclusion of this research shows that the contribution of amicus curiae can assist judges in carrying out their duties fairly and wisely. The existence of amicus curiae has been proven to be found in many criminal case decisions, both at the first instance, appeal and cassation stages. Although there are no basic rules governing its position in Indonesian legislation. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study provides a novel analysis of how amicus curiae, despite not being explicitly regulated in Indonesian legislation, has been utilized by Supreme Court judges in criminal case decisions
Ecological impacts of marine oil spill pollution: An integrative assessment of ecosystem damages and conservation strategies
Get PDFBackground: Indonesia, as a maritime nation with 40% of global maritime trade passing through its waters, faces high risks of marine oil pollution. Balikpapan Bay, located in East Kalimantan, has suffered recurring oil spill disasters, notably the large-scale spill in 2018 caused by a ruptured Pertamina pipeline. These spills have severely impacted the marine ecosystem, local biodiversity, and the socio-economic conditions of coastal communities. Methods: This study employed a qualitative descriptive approach through case study analysis. Primary data were collected from government documents, field reports, and previous academic studies, particularly focusing on ecological damage assessments conducted by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, NGOs, and local communities. Spatial data from satellite monitoring were used to assess the extent of the oil spill. The data analysis included categorization of ecological impacts on key ecosystems such as mangroves, coral reefs, seagrasses, marine fauna, and bird species. Findings: The oil spill in Balikpapan Bay contaminated nearly 13,000 hectares of marine waters and 60 km of coastline, causing substantial damage to 34 hectares of mangrove forest, 4 coral reef areas, 5 seagrass beds, and seaweed cultivation zones. It led to mass deaths of crabs, plankton, and endangered marine mammals. Bird populations were also severely affected due to loss of insulation and ingestion of toxic substances. The spill had a cascading effect on the local marine food web, reduced biodiversity, and caused economic losses for traditional fishing communities. Conclusion: The Balikpapan Bay oil spill has led to a multidimensional ecological crisis. This study underscores the urgent need for proactive oil spill prevention and ecosystem protection strategies. Conservation zoning, enforcement of environmental regulations, and community-based monitoring are essential to prevent future disasters. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study presents a comprehensive ecological assessment of the Balikpapan Bay oil spill by combining field data, satellite imagery, and governmental reports. It adopts an integrative approach to map ecological damages and propose policy recommendations grounded in ecological science and conservation planning
Evaluation and modelling the effect of size, surface area and moisture content on breaking characteristics of African mango nut
Get PDFBackground: African mango nut is a valuable but underutilized forest product due to dearth of research. This study was conducted to evaluate and model the effect of size, surface area, and moisture content on breaking characteristics of African mango nut, for appropriate selection and development of the nut cracking machine to minimize seed damage, curb energy wastage, and improve the processing operation. Method: This study was carried out at African mango nut moisture content range of 15–20% wet basis using standard methodologies from literature. Findings: Results showed that breaking of African mango nut requires compressive strength ranging from 411.23–414.18 N/cm2 for nut of sizes between 3.24–3.49 cm and surface areas varying from 8.66–11.11 cm2. The values of the yield strength recorded during the force-deformation (compression) process followed the same trend. Also, the compressive strength was found to increase with increase in moisture content and the consequential effect of increasing the moisture content as from 15 to 20 % on compressive force is higher than the resultant impact noticed in increasing the size between 3.24 and 3.49 cm and the surface area between 8.66 and 11.11 cm2. The linear models developed were statistically significant at P < 0.05 with coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9902 and 0.9730 for compressive and yield strengths, respectively. Conclusions: The findings contribute to sustainable nut processing practices and energy-efficient food production in tropical regions. It also shows that a good relationship exists between the dependent and independent variables studied. Novelty/Originality of this article: Farmers and processors of African mango seeds could, select, design and create, or assess the cracking/breaking contrivance with the developed model equations
An assessment of the impact of nomadic tourism on sustainable tourism
Get PDFBackground: The development of nomadic tourism, particularly among digital nomads, represents a strategic adaptation by the tourism sector to pandemic conditions that has continued into the post-COVID-19 era. Methods: This study employs a qualitative literature review, synthesizing existing research on digital nomads to assess the social, economic, and environmental impacts of nomadic tourism while evaluating its potential to promote sustainable tourism. Findings: The review reveals that although nomadic tourism shares many characteristics with traditional tourism, differences in travelers' duration of stay and reliance on internet connectivity result in both positive and negative effects on local communities, economic equity, and environmental sustainability. Conclusion: The findings suggest that nomadic tourism can drive sustainable development by fostering equitable community welfare, enhancing oversight of resource utilization, and encouraging deeper cultural engagement among tourists. Novelty/Originality of this article: By linking the adaptive trend of digital nomadism with sustainable tourism development, this study offers innovative insights and policy recommendations that distinguish it from previous research
Opportunities for transmigrants to establish household waste management communities
Get PDFBackground: Household waste management in transmigration areas remains inadequate, as waste is commonly discarded, burned, or fed to livestock. These practices pose environmental and public health risks through air pollution and contamination of soil and water sources. While the government plays a strategic role through policy formulation and infrastructure provision, transmigrant communities also have opportunities to develop community-based waste management initiatives by utilizing government-allocated land and local resources. Methods: This study employed a qualitative approach, including in-depth interviews with government officials and transmigrant households, document analysis, and field observations conducted in SP Motihelumo, Gorontalo, in 2023. Findings: The results show strong initial support from both the local government and the community for establishing a community-based household waste management system. A clear gender-based division of roles was identified, with women primarily managing organic waste and men handling the technical aspects of inorganic waste management. However, limited access to waste facilities and infrastructure remains a major challenge due to the area’s remote location. Conclusion: The establishment of household waste management communities in SP Motihelumo is feasible, provided there is sustained policy support, adequate infrastructure, and active participation from transmigrants. Integrating local potential, gender roles, and institutional involvement is crucial to ensure long-term sustainability. Novelty/Originality of this Article: This study offers a gender-sensitive, community-based waste management model tailored to transmigration areas, highlighting the role of institutional support through Village-Based Enterprises (BUMDes) as a scalable framework for sustainable waste management in similar contexts
Negotiating muslim feminist identities in secular Europe: A critical review of Vanja Mosbach’s voices of muslim feminists
Get PDFBackground: This paper presents a critical review of the dissertation Voices of Muslim Feminists Navigating Tradition, Authority and the Debate about Islam by Vanja Mosbach, defended at Uppsala University in 2022. The dissertation examines how Muslim women in Sweden and the Øresund region, who identify as Muslim feminists, negotiate religious identity, religious authority, and their commitment to gender equality within the context of European secularism. Methods: This review applies a critical academic assessment focusing on methodological validity, the coherence of the theoretical framework, and the adequacy of empirical representation in Mosbach’s work. Through a reflective qualitative approach and an analysis grounded in the theory of religious individualization, Mosbach constructs a complex understanding of Muslim feminism as a form of agency that transcends traditional-modern or Islam-secular dichotomies. Findings: The analysis highlights the dissertation’s contributions to the study of Islamic feminism and the sociology of religion, while identifying key strengths and potential weaknesses in its methodological and theoretical approaches. It also situates Mosbach’s work within a broader intellectual landscape, particularly in relation to the discourse on Muslim feminism in the Global South, to assess the relevance and transferability of its findings to other contexts, including Indonesia. Conclusion: Overall, the dissertation demonstrates that Muslim women’s religious agency and feminist expressions in Europe can only be fully understood through an inclusive, interdisciplinary approach that bridges lived experience, social theory, and Islamic epistemology. Novelty/Originality of this article: The paper offers an original contribution by linking Mosbach’s analysis to Global South perspectives, thereby expanding the discussion on the adaptability and applicability of Muslim feminist frameworks beyond European contexts
GovSecure.ID: Inclusive and secure digital transformation strategy through AI-based adaptive multichannel architecture and public literacy towards efficient governance 2045
No full textBackground: Digital transformation in public governance demands secure, integrated, and accessible service systems to strengthen public trust and administrative efficiency. fragmented government platforms, limited transparency, and low accessibility remain persistent challenges in delivering inclusive public services. this study responds to these issues by proposing GovSecure.ID as a conceptual digital governance platform designed to integrate data security, public service access, and intelligent interaction within a single system architecture. Methods: This research employs a qualitative–conceptual design approach grounded in governance theory, digital government frameworks, and secure information system principles. data were obtained through literature review, policy document analysis, and conceptual system modeling. analytical procedures focused on synthesizing institutional requirements, user needs, and technological capabilities to construct an application framework, interface logic, and feature mapping. No empirical testing or field implementation was conducted, positioning the study as design-oriented exploratory research. Findings: The study produces a structured conceptual model of the GovSecure.ID application, consisting of integrated digital identity services, transparent fiscal information access, disaster reporting mechanisms, and an ai-based conversational assistant (govbot). visualization of the login page, main interface, and ai interaction demonstrates how digital services can be centralized while maintaining clarity, accessibility, and institutional accountability. findings indicate strong potential for improving service responsiveness, data transparency, and citizen engagement within a secure governance environment. Conclusion: GovSecure.ID conceptually demonstrates how intelligent systems can support public service delivery without replacing formal administrative authority. the proposed model emphasizes security, inclusivity, and responsiveness as foundational principles for future digital governance platforms in indonesia. Novelty/Originality of this article: This article contributes originality by integrating artificial intelligence, secure digital identity, and transparency-oriented governance within a single conceptual platform framework, offering a scalable reference model for future government digital service development
The relationship between fatigue and workplace accidents in the construction sector: A statistical study on contributing factors and risk implications
Get PDFBackground: Occupational accidents remain a persistent issue in the construction sector, often associated with various risk factors including worker fatigue. This study aims to analyze the effect of fatigue on the incidence of work accidents in construction projects. Previous studies have shown that fatigue can impair concentration and reaction time, leading to increased accident risks. Methods: This research employed a quantitative descriptive method with data collected through structured questionnaires from 34 construction workers. The data were analyzed using regression analysis. Additionally, instrument testing included validity tests, reliability tests, and linearity tests to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the data. Findings: The results demonstrated that worker fatigue has a significant effect on the occurrence of work accidents (p < 0.05). Factors such as long working hours, insufficient sleep, and heavy workload contributed to fatigue, which in turn increased accident potential. These results align with existing theoretical frameworks linking physical exhaustion to unsafe behaviors and reduced awareness. Conclusion: Fatigue significantly influences the frequency of workplace accidents in construction environments. Effective management of work schedules and adequate rest is essential to minimize these risks. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study offers a statistically validated perspective on the influence of fatigue on construction-related accidents, supported by rigorous instrument testing to ensure reliability and precision of findings, which contributes new empirical evidence to occupational safety literature
Swami vivekananda’s perspective on radicalism and extremism: Tolerance, pluralism, and education as strategic solutions
Get PDFBackground: Radicalism and extremism have become phenomena that threaten social peace and political stability across various regions of the world. The teachings of Swami Vivekananda—a prominent Indian spiritual leader and philosopher—offer an alternative perspective for addressing these issues. In an increasingly polarized global context, Vivekananda’s thoughts on religious tolerance, pluralism, and the transformative power of education present a meaningful framework for confronting the roots of radicalization and violence. This study aims to explore Vivekananda’s views on radicalization by emphasizing the principle of ahimsa (nonviolence), appreciation of religious diversity, and education as a preventive tool against extremism. Methods: Employing a qualitative approach, this research conducts a textual analysis of Vivekananda’s works, especially his renowned speeches, to identify core principles relevant to the problem of radicalization. Findings: The findings reveal that Vivekananda strongly opposed all forms of radicalism and extremism, advocating instead for a deep respect for diversity, peaceful coexistence, and holistic education as a means of cultivating moral character. Conclusion: In conclusion, Vivekananda’s teachings have significant implications for both religious theory and social practice, offering a compassionate, interfaith-based approach to reducing the risk of radicalization in modern society. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study uniquely highlights Swami Vivekananda’s teachings as a humanistic and interfaith-based philosophical framework to counter radicalization through nonviolence, pluralism, and transformative education