Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future
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The interplay of social and economic capital in coastal community resilience: A scoping review
No full textBackground: Coastal areas are dynamic and sensitive socio-ecological systems, home to over 40% of the world’s population. Over the past century, they have experienced major socio-economic and environmental changes due to urbanization, industrialization, and ecosystem degradation. Coastal communities, especially those dependent on small-scale fisheries, face multiple challenges from climate change, declining biodiversity, and market pressures. Their ability to cope and adapt depends not only on natural resources but also on social and economic capital. However, the interaction between these two types of capital remains poorly understood, especially in different global contexts. Methods: This study conducted a scoping review of 53 scholarly articles published between 2019 and 2025. Using the three Resilience Capitals framework (C1, C2, C3), the review synthesized evidence on how social and economic capital interact to shape the resilience of coastal communities in both the Global South and Global North. Findings: The synthesis confirms that coastal community resilience is fundamentally a product of a complex, mutually reinforcing interaction where social capital (e.g., trust, networks, collective action) provides the foundation for information exchange and solidarity, while economic capital (e.g., assets, financial capacity) offers the material means for adaptation and recovery. Strong social capital amplifies the utility and reaches of limited economic resources, enhancing adaptive capacity, whereas a deficiency in either capital exacerbates vulnerability. Conclusion: Sustainable coastal development must prioritize the integrated strengthening of both social and economic capital as the foundational core of effective resilience policies. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study offers a comprehensive synthesis of the reciprocal causality between social and economic capitals, providing an evidence-based roadmap for integrated policy interventions, particularly relevant for vulnerable populations in the Global South
The implementation of ecopedagogy in school education: A systematic literature review emphasizing elementary level contexts
No full textBackground: The increasing degradation of ecosystems and climate change underscores the importance of implementing ecopedagogy in elementary education to foster students’ ecological awareness. However, based on similar literature reviews, research on ecopedagogy at this educational level remains limited compared to studies conducted at the secondary school level. Methods: The method employed is an SLR using the PRISMA approach. Articles and journals were collected using tools such as Watase UAKE and Harzing’s Publish or Perish, which are integrated with the Scopus API to assist in retrieving indexed literature (Q1-Q4) from databases including ERIC, Elsevier, Emerald, MDPI, ScienceDirect, Springer, Taylor & Francis,and Wiley Online Library. The critical analysis drew exclusively on articles published in peer-reviewed journals. The researcher also ranked and selected the top 10 most-cited and relevant articles for further analysis. Findings: The effective implementation of ecopedagogy through appropriate strategies offers several advantages in enhancing elementary students’ environmental literacy and strengthening collaboration among teachers and school stakeholders by integrating local cultural values and technology, involving school organizations, applying storytelling-based approaches, and enhancing digital STEAM practices. These competencies are essential to equipping students with the skills they need to face future challenges. Conclusion: Environmental education in elementary schools can serve as a crucial foundation for developing sustainability competencies among Indonesia’s younger generation when designed through the integration of direct experiences and strong education policy. However, this sector continues to face several constraints, including conceptual and methodological gaps, geographical disparities, and limitations in human resource capacity. Novelty/Originality of this article: Based on previous relevant literature, there is still a limited number of studies that have applied the SLR method to examine ecopedagogy in elementary education, especially in Indonesia. Thus, this study employs an SLR approach to expand future methodological perspectives and to discuss the implementation of ecopedagogy within the global elementary education context
Leveraging socio-religious capital: The Islamic philosophical framework for SDG 6 achievement in Indonesia
No full textBackground: Goal 6 of the SDGs aims to ensure the availability and sustainability of water and sanitation services for all by 2030, but its fulfilment is severely threatened in Indonesia due to resource mismanagement and weak social accountability. Although water is an important resource with clear conservation instructions in Islamic Religious Education, the gap between technical rules and ethical compliance persists. Therefore, this study aims designed to explore a convergent philosophy between PAI values and goals in 6 of SDG to develop a novel model for best-practice in water conservation Methods: This study uses a systematic literature review approach by collecting data using Publish or Perish software on the Scopus and Google Scholar databases, and then the findings are analyzed using PRISMA 2020 and thematic analysis with qualitative software Nvivo 12. Findings: The findings of ecological implementation in Indonesia are classified into 7 groups, namely ecology (traditional), eco-campus, eco-economic, eco-mosque, eco-pesantren, eco-riparian, and eco-technology. The seven groups are a form or form of environmental awareness through the values of Islamic religious education and hygiene. Conclusion: The research provides a new theoretical lens, the K3 Model of three pillars: Kesederhanaan (Resource Efficiency), Kolaborasi (Communal Resilience), and Keadilan (Equity in Access). These values are broken down systematically with an Ontology-Epistemology-Axiology paradigm. Results demonstrate that the PAI ethos is vibrantly being institutionalized – particularly in Eco-Pesantren and universities – pioneering novel water conservation practices inclusive of technology tools. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty and contribution of this paper are the PAI K3 Model, which translates PAI's socio-religious capital into an applicable tool. This model serves as a theological–ecological hermeneutic that grounds the moral imperative of hifẓ al-nafs (Ontology) to legal obligation (Axiology) and aspires to make resource conservation efforts both successful and socially just. This structure is key to Islamic convictions for fulfilling SDG 6, not with technical prowess but through developing sustainable moral compliance in Muslim-majorit
Strengthening Islamic Pawning (Rahn): Sharia compliance, contemporary riba, social inclusivity, and governance challenges
No full textBackground: The rapid expansion of Islamic pawn (rahn) institutions over the past two decades has raised questions about whether their practices genuinely reflect the justice-oriented principles underlying rahn. This study critically examines the gap between the normative foundations of rahn and its contemporary institutional implementation. Methods: This research employs a qualitative socio-legal approach supported by document analysis. It evaluates Shariah compliance, cost structures, inclusivity patterns, and governance characteristics shaping Islamic pawn operations. Regulatory frameworks, fatwas, and institutional practices are systematically analyzed to assess the alignment between normative ideals and operational realities. Findings: The findings indicate that Islamic pawn services demonstrate formal compliance with existing fatwas and regulations; however, such adherence remains largely procedural. Core ethical values—justice, transparency, and social protection—are insufficiently internalized. The study identifies the emergence of “implicit riba” embedded in cost structures that resemble interest-based mechanisms, raising conceptual and ethical concerns. Access to financing remains limited due to asset-based requirements and administrative barriers, leading to hidden exclusion of vulnerable groups. Institutional dualism also encourages isomorphic convergence with conventional pawn models, gradually weakening the normative distinctiveness of rahn. Conclusion: While institutionally compliant, Islamic pawn practices require substantive reform to better embody the ethical objectives of rahn. Strengthening governance, transparency, and social inclusivity is essential to ensure authentic Shariah-based implementation. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study advances the discourse on Shariah governance by linking normative Islamic legal principles with institutional realities. It proposes an integrated conceptual model encompassing normative, operational, social, and institutional dimensions, offering strategic guidance for developing a more authentic and socially responsive rahn framework
Mapping the digital customer journey in mobile-based financial services: A digital marketing strategy approach
No full textBackground: The fast expansion of digital financial services in Indonesia has intensified competition among fintech companies, making the digital customer experience a crucial strategic asset. This study seeks to map the digital customer journey of Tring!, a mobile-based pawn and gold savings application developed by Pegadaian, in order to identify key gaps and opportunities for improvement across different stages of the journey. Methods: The study uses a qualitative descriptive approach and digital customer journey mapping. Data were gathered through structured observations of Pegadaian’s digital touchpoints, such as social media, search engines, the official website, the Tring! app interface, and user reviews. The analysis is based on a five-stage customer journey framework: awareness, consideration, conversion, retention, and advocacy. Findings: The results show that awareness is effectively created through social media content that follows current trends. However, the consideration and conversion stages face challenges such as low search visibility, poor implementation of SEO and SEM strategies, and a lack of clear calls-to-action that connect owned media to app downloads. The retention stage is identified as the most significant bottleneck due to technical problems and limited service recovery options, which reduce user trust. While some organic user advocacy exists, it is not being fully utilized because there is no structured referral or advocacy program in place. Conclusion: The study finds that Tring! ’s digital customer journey functions as a fragmented and inefficient funnel. Improving omni-channel integration, search visibility, conversion pathways, technical performance, and advocacy management is necessary to boost the effectiveness of digital marketing efforts. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study adds value by offering a comprehensive digital customer journey map for a pawn-based fintech application in Indonesia, emphasizing the important connection between how digital marketing is carried out and the quality of technical support within the fintech industry
Community adaptation in order to face climate change risk in coastal cities: A review
No full textBackground: Coastal cities in Indonesia have various problems dealing with urbanization, population growth, and climate change risk at the same time have pushed many vulnerable residents into the low elevation zone in coastal cities, leave alone with a high exposure to potential hazards and environmental degradation. This condition leads to many interconnected problems between socioeconomic, health, and safety of the people. In order to face those challenges, community adaptation is required. This paper tries to explore community adaptation in several coastal cities in Indonesia so that any challenges and adaptation options can be recognized. Methods: This paper uses a literature review approach by Torraco in order to explore community adaptation with considering that this theme is categorized as an emerging theme. Cities selected include small and large coastal cities or regencies, including Jakarta, Cirebon, Demak, Semarang, Bandar Lampung, Padang, Ternate, and Gorontalo. Findings: Each coastal cities have its own climate change risk. The community adaptation can be categorized into five types of adaptation: physical infrastructure adaptation, practice and behaviour adaptation, social and cultural adaptation, economic adaptation, and green infrastructure adaptation that is impacted by climate change risk and human factors. Aside from community adaptation, there should be a systematic resolution from the government to address coastal cities' climate-related issues. Conclusion: In order to tackle climate change risk issues in coastal cities, a lot of dimensions need to be combined both at the community level and the policy level to have a better community adaptation and resilience. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this paper lies in explicitly exploring community adaptation in both small and large coastal cities or regencies in Indonesia in order to face climate change risk
Integrating air biofiltration and waste valorization through Sansevieria trifasciata Fermentation with Lactobacillus sp. in a community-based sustainable model
No full textBackground: Air quality in Makassar City has an index of 56 (moderate category) and is expected to worsen by 2045 as pollution increases. This study offers a solution utilizes snake plants (Sansevieria trifasciata) as air biofiltration agents to absorb pollutants such as benzene, formaldehyde, and trichlorethylene. In addition, unproductive snake plant leaves are processed into liquid organic fertilizer through a fermentation process using Lactobacillus sp. Methods: This innovation was implemented through a partnership between the community and the government, involving the planting of 6–8 mother-in-law's tongue plants per household and the processing of leaf waste into organic fertilizer. The approach used was a mixed method that included testing the effectiveness of biofiltration, producing liquid organic fertilizer (POC), conducting an economic analysis, and reviewing the literature to assess the effectiveness of mother-in-law's tongue plant biofiltration. Findings: This journal has the potential to improve urban air quality, prevent respiratory diseases, and reduce plant waste accumulation that can produce methane gas. The fermentation process with Lactobacillus sp. also enriches organic content and reduces unpleasant odors, resulting in environmentally friendly organic fertilizer with economic value. Conclusion: The combination of air biofiltration and organic fertilizer production from fermented mother-in-law's tongue using Lactobacillus sp. is an innovative and sustainable approach to tackling air pollution and supporting community-based green economic development. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty aspect refers to the new or innovative elements in a research study that distinguish it from previous work. It includes unique contributions, new methods, or findings that have not been explored before in the field
Cellulose nanofibers derived from elephant grass incorporating anthocyanin extract from red dragon fruit peel as a natural fish freshness sensor
No full textBackground: This study presents the development of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) derived from elephant grass incorporated with anthocyanin extract from red dragon fruit peel as a natural fish-freshness sensor. The research is motivated by the increasing demand for eco-friendly, rapid, and practical freshness-detection technologies to address food-safety challenges associated with fish spoilage. Methods: A literature-based Research and Development (R&D) framework was employed to formulate extraction procedures, cellulose purification steps, and CNF–anthocyanin film fabrication. Anthocyanin was extracted using an ethanol–citric acid solvent system, while CNF was produced through deep eutectic solvent (DES) pretreatment, bleaching, and ultrasonic disintegration. Findings: The resulting CNF anthocyanin films demonstrated pH-sensitive color transitions associated with volatile nitrogenous compounds released during fish spoilage, indicating their potential application as visual freshness sensors. Conclusion: The study concludes that integrating CNF with natural anthocyanins provides a stable, renewable, and environmentally friendly approach suitable for smart packaging applications. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this work lies in the utilization of elephant-grass-derived CNF combined with red dragon fruit peel anthocyanins to create an innovative natural sensor material for monitoring fish freshness
Ecotourism feasibility analysis for sustainable coastal management in a tropical island setting
No full textBackground: Bungin Pinungan Beach on Towea Island, Muna Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, possesses high natural ecotourism potential, characterized by ±3 km of sandy coastline, clear seawater, mangrove stands, and attractive coral reef ecosystems. Although the natural landscape is promising, its development is constrained by limited sea transportation, insufficient basic infrastructure, and a lack of accommodation facilities. This study evaluates the feasibility of developing Bungin Pinungan Beach as an ecotourism destination using the ADO-ODTWA criteria established by the Directorate General of PHKA (2003). Methods: The assessment covers seven indicators: attractiveness, accessibility, environmental conditions, facilities and infrastructure, accommodation, safety, and linkages with other tourist attractions. A descriptive qualitative method was used, supported by field observations, questionnaires for visitors and local residents, and visual documentation. The research population consisted of the Lakarama Village community and tourists visiting the site, with samples selected using purposive and accidental sampling techniques. Data were analyzed based on the seven indicators to determine the overall ecotourism feasibility index. Findings: The findings show that Bungin Pinungan Beach has a feasibility score of 69.03%, indicating that it is suitable for ecotourism development. High scores were recorded for accessibility (84.03%), environmental conditions (89.77%), and safety (82.43%), demonstrating strong natural and physical support for tourism activities. Meanwhile, the indicators for facilities and infrastructure (40%) and accommodation (41.67%) require major improvements. The attractiveness indicator achieved 77.8%, and linkages with surrounding tourist destinations scored 67.5%. Conclusion: Overall, the results indicate that development priorities should focus on enhancing basic facilities and increasing accommodation capacity while maintaining environmental quality and access. It is recommended that local governments, communities, and stakeholders strengthen collaborative management, improve supporting infrastructure, develop community-based homestay services, and promote integrated tourism networks with nearby attractions. Nvovelty/Originality of this article: This study applies the ADO-ODTWA framework to a small island ecotourism site, integrating quantitatie feasibility scoring with community-based assessment to provide location-specific development priorities for sustainable coastal tourism planning
The role of farmer groups and agricultural extension services in enhancing rice productivity and farm income
No full textBackground: The rising national demand for rice has drawn attention as farmers face low rice productivity and inadequate farm income. Farmer groups and agricultural extension agents are predicted to tackle these problems; however, their specific contributions remain unclear. Therefore, this study aims to examine the roles of farmer organizations and extension agents in improving rice productivity and farm income in Indonesia. Methods: This study employed 2024 cross-sectional data covering all provinces of Indonesia, gathered from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and the Ministry of Agriculture. Further, the data for rice productivity are specific, while the available farm income data represent overall agricultural income due to data limitations. Our study analyzed the data employing two separate multiple linear regression approaches, incorporating composite indices for farmer groups and extension agents, as well as priority province status as control variables to assess the influence of these actors on rice productivity and farm income. Findings: The study finds that neither farmer organizations nor extension agents hava a significant effect on rice productivity. However, farmer organizations display an adverse effect on farm income at the 10% significance level, while extension agents have a positive but statistically insignificant effect. Additionally, the priority province variable shows statistical significance at the 1% level for rice productivity but not for farm income. Conclusion: The findings conclude that strengthening farmer organizations and extension services in Indonesia remains a major concern for improving rice productivity and farm income. Despite these insights, using aggregate farm income data remains a limitation that can not fully reflect the specific economic dimension of rice-based farming. Novelty/Originality of this article: Prior research focused on data from a specific region, whereas this article employs national data to provide a broader analysis of farmer organizations and extension agents