Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future
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Examining the influence of early rainfall on road traffic accidents: A spatial approach
No full textBackground: Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) pose a significant hindrance to efficient road transportation and a substantial risk to public safety. This research provides a stepwise analysis of RTA frequency and spatial distribution in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Province, using self-reported accident data from a prominent local social media platform. While RTA research is extensive globally, a paucity of localized studies specifically focusing on Yogyakarta using advanced spatial techniques necessitated this investigation to address the existing literature gap. The study’s objective was to determine the frequency of RTA incidents across temporal and incident categories, identify spatial clustering patterns, and precisely locate high-frequency red zones (hotspots). Methods: The methodology employed a multi-method approach, integrating IBM SPSS Statistics for descriptive analysis and ArcGIS for spatial analysis, explicitly using the Nearest Neighbour Analysis (NNA) and Kernel Density Estimation (KDE). The study focused on RTA data from the early onset of the rainy season (October 1st to late October 2025), using this temporal constraint as a control for seasonal risk. The ultimate goal is to generate actionable insights and provide practical solutions to reduce accident occurrences. Insights were derived through statistical analysis, spatial mapping of accident-prone areas, and detailed categorization of incidents. Findings: The analysis revealed that traffic accidents were most frequent during weekdays preceding the weekend. Two-wheel vehicle collisions accounted for the majority of incidents, particularly at night and in the early morning (18:30–06:30). Spatially, accidents were not randomly distributed but clustered along major arterial roads within Yogyakarta City’s urban core. These hotspots align strongly with areas of high traffic density, emphasizing the vulnerability of two-wheeler users during the early rainy season. This align with previous studies suggesting that reduced visibility, driver fatigue, and slippery road conditions during early rainfall events amplify accident risks especially among vulnerable two-wheeler users. Conclusion: The study highlights that the early rainy season significantly intensifies accident risks in high-traffic urban corridors. Strengthening targeted traffic management in high-risk areas and during these times is essential to mitigating future accidents. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study isolates the early rainy season as a temporal window for assessing accident vulnerability, offering new insights into the transitional weather phase. It also introduces the use of social media–based incident data integrated with spatial–temporal analysis (NNA and KDE) as a quick, low-cost approach to mapping road safety risks
Analysis of movement patterns based on origin-destination matrix
No full textBackground: Transportation is a crucial element in the development of a region. The commonly used planning model is the trip distribution model, which is represented in the form of a Destination Origin Matrix (MAT). This study examines transportation and traffic patterns in North Sinjai District, focusing on origin–destination movements. It highlights the role of the Destination Origin Matrix (MAT) in modeling mobility, planning transport systems, and understanding socio-economic and land use influences on movement. Methods: This research was conducted in North Sinjai District, an urban area divided into seven zones based on community activity centers: trade and services, settlements, education, offices, health, worship, and public spaces. The study mapped origin–destination movements and assessed regional function management using literature review, observation, questionnaires, and interviews. The study in North Sinjai District involved 300 respondents across seven zones. Findings: Results show adults dominated respondents, with students as the largest occupational group. Private motorcycles were the most used vehicles. Health zones had the highest origin movements, trade and services zones the highest destinations, while residential and public spaces were the lowest. Desire Line analysis indicated strong interactions between health, offices, and trade zones, guiding land use management priorities and infrastructure allocation. Conclusion: The study indicates that strategic planning of regional transport flows, especially through the Destination Origin Matrix, can identify sector-specific needs, highlighting the requirement for enhanced infrastructure in the health zone. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this research lies in applying a detailed Destination Origin Matrix at a sub-district urban scale to guide resource allocation for specific community activity zones, particularly addressing health sector demand
The impact of the social environment on youth social adaptation in the digital era
No full textBackground: The rapid evolution of digital technology has significantly shaped the social environment and altered the ways youth interact, communicate, and adapt within society. This study aims to analyze how social environments both offline and online affect youth social adaptation in the digital era, emphasizing sociocultural and psychological dimensions. Prior research indicates that digitalization encourages broader connectivity but can simultaneously reduce empathy and direct interpersonal communication. Methods: This study employs a literature review method, systematically synthesizing peer-reviewed journal articles and theoretical studies from the past decade. The analysis applies social ecology and adaptation theory to explore the interrelationship between environmental influences and adaptive behaviors among youth. Findings: Findings reveal that supportive social environments enhance digital literacy, emotional resilience, and social inclusion among young people, while toxic online cultures and social pressures contribute to isolation and maladaptive behaviors. The theoretical synthesis shows a reciprocal influence between environmental context and adaptive capacity highlighting that digital participation must be balanced with real world social skills to achieve well rounded adaptation. Conclusion: A balanced and inclusive social environment remains crucial for promoting adaptive social development among youth in a digitally interconnected society. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this article lies in its integrative theoretical approach, combining social ecology and adaptation perspectives to reinterpret youth social adaptability within the context of digital transformation
Circular economy opportunities for inorganic waste management: An applied analysis based on recycling center data
Get PDFBackground: Waste is no longer regarded solely as refuse but also as a potential resource in the circular economy, particularly through recycling center (hereinafter referred to as pusat daur ulang-PDU) mechanisms. This study aims to analyze the circular economic potential of inorganic solid waste based on actual selling price data from PDUs in Purbalingga, Central Java, Indonesia. Previous studies have highlighted the importance of waste separation and local PDUs in promoting community-based waste management, yet few have quantified the circular economic value of specific inorganic waste types. Methods: This research employs a descriptive quantitative approach using secondary data collected from government institutions and local PDUs. Analytical methods include compositional waste analysis and basic statistical comparisons (T-Test) across years and waste types (polyethylene terephthalate-PET, scrap papers, and cans). Findings: PET accounted for an average of 18.53% of total waste between 2021 and 2024, far higher than paper (8.96%) and cans (0.66%). Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences between PET and the other two types (p < 0.05, Cohen’s d > 3). Scenario modeling showed that if 14.8% of the population participated by contributing 3 kg of PET per household, approximately 460 tons/day could be recovered, generating meaningful household income and reducing landfill burden. Conclusion: The study concludes that supporting PDUs and encouraging less than 20% household participation in PET separation could substantially reduce waste volumes while strengthening household income streams. Novelty/Originality of this article: The integration of compositional waste data and local price structures provides a data-driven valuation of inorganic household waste, offering practical guidance for policy and local planning in sustainable circular economy strategies
Strengthening rural food security and community welfare through ICLS 5.0: A socio-biological approach to circular agriculture
No full textBackground: Nutritional disparities remain a major challenge in Indonesia’s human resource development, as the prevalence of stunting and wasting continues to vary widely across regions despite measurable national progress. These inequalities highlight the need for integrated and sustainable agricultural innovations that improve both food quality and availability while maintaining ecological balance. This study aims to analyze the potential of the Integrated Crop–Livestock System (ICLS) 5.0 as an innovation that strengthens food security and enhances nutritional value through sustainable resource management. Method: A quantitative descriptive approach based on a comprehensive literature review was conducted using secondary data from scientific journals and national databases. The ICLS 5.0 framework emphasizes circular resource use, converting agricultural residues such as rice straw, corn stalks, and dry leaves into fermented forage, while livestock manure is processed into organic fertilizer through bioactivation and composting. Data were analyzed to assess improvements in productivity, soil fertility, and resource efficiency. Finding: Implementation of the ICLS 5.0 model can increase agricultural and livestock productivity by 30–40%, enhance soil carbon and nitrogen content, and reduce production costs by 30–50% through the substitution of chemical fertilizers and industrial feed. The system also reduces greenhouse gas emissions and improves food self-sufficiency in rural areas by promoting local feed and fertilizer production. Conclusion: The ICLS 5.0 approach provides a low-cost, scalable, and knowledge-based innovation that aligns with national efforts to strengthen food and nutrition security. By integrating crops and livestock within a circular economy framework, this model supports sustainable agricultural intensification and contributes directly to achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 2 Zero Hunger, SDG 12 Responsible Consumption and Production, and SDG 13 Climate Action), while enhancing the resilience and welfare of rural farming communities. Novelty/Originality of this article: This innovation introduces an adaptive crop–livestock integration model suitable for various land scales, complemented by a localized ICLS framework. It also provides simple technical guidelines for converting organic waste into fertilizer, feed, or energy, along with the development of micro-scale circular economy systems for farmer and livestock groups
Effect of coconut waste and chicken manure on the growth and yield of caisim (Brassica juncea L)
No full textBackground: Coconut waste and chicken manure present innovative solutions for enhancing the growth and yield of caisim crops. Cocopeat is one of the organic growing media that is increasingly popular in modern horticultural cultivation. Utilizing coconut waste as a planting medium improves aeration and water retention, both of which are crucial for the development of caisim roots. Methods: This study used a randomized group design with five soil treatments to evaluate caisim growth. Parameters included plant height, leaf number, biomass, and soil nutrient content, analyzed using ANOVA and DMRT. Findings: The study revealed that the P3 treatment (soil:cocopeat:chicken manure = 1:1:1) produced the tallest caisim plants, highest leaf number, and greatest fresh weight. Nutrient balance and organic matter improved plant growth, transpiration, and stomatal conductance, while excessive nitrates and pH deviations reduced leaf formation. Total dissolved solids and electrical conductivity positively correlated with growth, highlighting the importance of balanced planting media for optimal vegetative development and biomass accumulation. Conclusion: The results revealed that the composition of the planting medium significantly influenced morphological growth, nutrient content, and the correlation between various growth parameters of caisim plants. Novelty/Originality of this article: The treatments P3 (soil: cocopeat: chicken manure in a ratio of 1:1:1) and P4 (1:2:1) yielded the best outcomes, resulting in increased plant height, fresh weight, and nutrient content, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Additionally, these treatments produced optimal Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and Electrical Conductivity (EC) values, which are essential for effective nutrient absorption
The process of implementing the role of social workers in the rehabilitation of children in conflict with the law due to deviant behavior in gang fights
No full textBackground: Juveniles in conflict with the law (ABH) involved in gang fights represent a distinct challenge for social workers, as these cases are characterized by collective violence rooted in peer pressure, solidarity, and revenge. Unlike other cases of deviant behavior, such as theft or drug abuse, gang fights are often repetitive, organized, and tied to self-affirmation. Social workers play multidimensional roles, ranging from protection and service provision to counseling, advocacy, mediation, and reintegration efforts, requiring a comprehensive and adaptive intervention approach. Methods: This study employed a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and document reviews with six senior and junior social workers who directly handled ABH cases involving gang fights. Findings: The research findings reveal that interventions by social workers involve several stages, including relationship building, biopsychosocial assessment, individualized service planning, psychosocial interventions, legal process accompaniment, and reintegration efforts. Social workers use empathetic and family-oriented approaches to foster trust while providing services such as counseling, therapy, values education, and vocational training. Rehabilitation strategies emphasize strengthening self-control, emotional management, and resilience against peer influence. Obstacles identified include heavy workloads due to ATENSI service responsibilities and limited time for intensive interaction with ABH. Conclusion: Social workers serve as key agents of change in rehabilitating juveniles involved in gang fights. Their roles extend beyond rehabilitation within institutions to include reintegration into families and communities, aiming to build social support systems that prevent recidivism. Effective interventions require not only technical expertise but also adaptive, reflective, and participatory approaches aligned with the children’s complex social dynamics. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study provides unique insights into the role of social workers in handling ABH engaged in gang fights, a relatively underexplored area compared to other forms of juvenile delinquency. It highlights the complexity of interventions required, showing how social workers integrate legal accompaniment, psychosocial services, and community reintegration strategies to address the multifaceted challenges of collective juvenile violence
Struggling farmers, weak cattle, rising imports: NutriFarm as a solution to reduce import and support the realization of free nutritious meals program
No full textBackground: Indonesia continues to face inefficiencies in ration formulation among smallholder livestock farmers, resulting in low productivity and sustained dependence on imported meat and milk. This study aims to design NutriFarm, a digital livestock-assistance application intended to improve feed efficiency and strengthen national food security. Previous studies emphasize that precise nutrition management, optimized use of local feed resources, and the adoption of digital systems such as smart farming and precision livestock farming can significantly enhance livestock performance and reduce production costs. Methods: This study employed a qualitative approach through observation, systematic literature review, and descriptive analysis to identify challenges in feed management, technological adoption, and digital innovation opportunities. A Design-Based Research framework was used to develop key application features, formulate the implementation model, and construct a pentahelix-based collaborative ecosystem for farmer assistance. Findings: The results indicate that NutriFarm has the potential to improve the accuracy of ration formulation, maximize the use of local feed resources, and strengthen farmers’ capacity in nutritional monitoring and management practices. Integrated features—including automated ration calculation, nutrient evaluation, plant identification, and daily feed logging—enhance data-driven decision making. These findings align with theories of livestock nutrition and precision livestock farming, which highlight the importance of balanced nutrient supply, continuous monitoring, and resource optimization. Conclusion: NutriFarm can serve as a strategic tool to improve the productivity of smallholder livestock systems and reduce reliance on imported animal products, thereby supporting the national nutritious-meal program. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study offers an integrated design that combines precise nutrition management, local feed optimization, automated plant identification, community-based assistance, and a multi-stakeholder pentahelix ecosystem within a single digital innovation model, representing a comprehensive approach not yet developed in Indonesia’s smallholder livestoc
Valorization of Cascara coffee waste as antimicrobial edible coating for enhancing the snake fruit quality
No full textBackground: This study explores a strategy to decrease significant post-harvest losses due to spoilage. Edible coating on fruit can help maintain its quality and extend shelf life by slowing physiological processes such as respiration and transpiration. Method: The coating was formulated divided into two formulas, one is fresh cascara coating while other is dried cascara coating that was obtained by drying at 60 °C for 4 hours. Both 300 grams of cascara were extracted by maceration with 96% ethanol (ratio 1:2) for 24 hours. Extracts were mixed with 2.5% (w/v) chitosan solution, 4 g glycerol, and 0.1% Tween 80, then homogenized using a magnetic stirrer. Washed and air-dried snake fruit fruits were dipped in the coating solution, dried at 50 °C for 30 minutes. The coating formulation included food grade glycerol as a plasticizer and was applied using a dipping method. Snake fruit that has been coated with the solution stored at room temperature and evaluated for its shelf life and antimicrobial activity. Finding: This research utilized cascara extract as the main ingredient of an edible coating applied to snake fruit. As a result, cascara can be used into functional materials since it has been investigated as a natural source of bioactive compounds, particularly phenolics, with notable antimicrobial potential and bioactive content of polyphenols. When applied as a snake fruit coating, cascara-based edible coating can inhibit microbial growth and extend shelf life while maintaining fruit quality. Conclusion: This approach can be applied to underutilized by-products from coffee beans, reducing dependency on synthetic preservatives and plastics while also offering a promising alternative for antimicrobial edible coating to promote valorization, circular economy practices, and innovation in food packaging. Novelty/Originality of this article: This research introduces a novel application of coffee cherry by-products (cascara) specifically formulated for snake fruit (Salacca zalacca), a tropical commodity with unique preservation challenges
Exploring vernacular typography in the development of modern visual identity systems
No full textBackground: This study examines how vernacular typography type forms rooted in local cultural, historical, and socio-visual traditions can be integrated into modern visual identity systems to create distinctive, culturally grounded brands. While contemporary identity design trends often prioritize minimalism and globalized aesthetics, recent research indicates a growing demand for culturally specific visual identities capable of fostering authenticity and emotional resonance among audiences. This paper investigates the visual, semiotic, and functional characteristics of vernacular typography found in Indonesian street signage, hand-painted lettering, traditional scripts, and local typographic artifacts. Methods: The study employs systematic photographic documentation of vernacular typography from diverse public environments, capturing the expressive, culturally embedded letterforms created by self-taught artisans. These artifacts are analyzed through visual semiotics, typographic structural analysis, and comparative identity evaluation to translate culturally authentic features into viable modern place branding and visual identity systems. Findings: The findings reveal that vernacular typographic features such as stroke modulation, spatial rhythm, ornamentation, and culturally embedded symbolisms can enhance brand distinctiveness when selectively adapted and standardized. Conclusion: This study proposes a design framework for integrating vernacular typographic cues into corporate and cultural branding practices, contributing to both the preservation of local visual heritage and the innovation of contemporary identity design. Novelty/Originality of this article: This article offers an original contribution by proposing a systematic design framework that translates vernacular typographic characteristics into scalable modern identity systems, positioning local visual heritage as a strategic resource for authentic and distinctive branding