Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future
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Integration of geotechnical parameters and infrastructure preparedness policy in disaster mitigation in earthquake-prone areas
No full textBackground: This study investigates the geotechnical characteristics and seismic response of soils in the Quarry Barbate–Paya Kameng area, Blang Bintang District, Aceh Besar, which lies near the active Seulimum Fault. The research aims to analyze soil behavior under seismic influences through laboratory testing and theoretical calculations. Laboratory tests included determining water content, specific gravity, grain size distribution, and Atterberg limits to classify soil types and evaluate their physical properties. The study also analyzed earthquake acceleration and uplift forces to assess the dynamic response of the soil. Methods: Soil samples were collected from a depth of 10 meters and analyzed for moisture content, specific gravity, particle size distribution, and Atterberg limits to determine their geotechnical properties. Earthquake-induced ground acceleration and uplift forces were then calculated to assess soil behavior under seismic loading. All tests followed standard ASTM procedures to ensure reliable and comparable results. Findings: Results showed that the soil has an average specific gravity of 2.619 and a plasticity index of 38.42%, indicating a highly plastic clay (CH) with low shear strength and high swelling potential. The maximum ground acceleration reached 0.00236 g, while uplift force increased from 0.82 kg to 7.47 kg over 96 hours, suggesting rising pore-water pressure that can reduce effective stress and stability. Conclusion: The findings emphasize the importance of integrating geotechnical results into spatial planning and disaster mitigation policies. This study provides novel insights into linking soil mechanics and seismic risk assessment for infrastructure resilience in earthquake-prone zones. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study provides novel insights by integrating laboratory-based geotechnical analysis with seismic response modeling to evaluate soil behavior near an active fault, offering practical guidance for infrastructure resilience and disaster mitigation in earthquake-prone areas
An integrated framework of community resilience to earthquakes: Implications for disaster risk reduction and recovery engineering
No full textBackground: Indonesia is prone to earthquakes because it is located at the meeting point of tectonic plates, resulting in many coastal areas having a high risk of disaster. Earthquakes not only cause physical damage but also have a long-term impact on the psychological and social conditions of the community. Therefore, community resilience is an important factor in reducing disaster risk and supporting the post-disaster recovery process. This study aims to examine the concept of community resilience in facing earthquakes and the factors that influence it. Methods: This scientific paper uses a literature review method by examining accredited scientific journals, disaster textbooks, official agency reports, and relevant laws and regulations. Findings: The results of the study show that community resilience to earthquakes is shaped by the integration of social, economic, physical and infrastructure aspects, human resources, and the environment. Social aspects and social capital play an important role in accelerating post-disaster response and recovery, while economic capacity and infrastructure quality determine the community's ability to absorb the impact of disasters. These findings are in line with resilience theory, which emphasizes adaptive capacity and collective engagement as key factors in community resilience. Conclusion: Community resilience to earthquakes is built through the integration of social, economic, physical, human resource, and environmental aspects that reinforce each other. Strengthening the adaptive capacity of communities in an integrated manner is key to reducing the impact of disasters and supporting post-disaster recovery and sustainability. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this research lies in its comprehensive conceptual synthesis of community resilience to earthquake disasters by integrating social, economic, physical, human resource, and ecological perspectives into a single framework of discussion
Cybersecurity education for the elderly as a strategic tool to mitigate digital economic risks
No full textBackground: The vulnerability of older people to online fraud has increased drastically, with national losses reaching IDR 2 trillion by April 2025. These frauds pose a significant threat not only to the elderly but also to the stability of Indonesia’s financial sector and fintech industries, highlighting the need for systemic solutions that protect both individuals and businesses. This study aims to develop a cybersecurity education application for the elderly, which not only addresses common fraud patterns in Indonesia, such as fake lotteries, digital bank fraud, and WhatsApp social engineering, but also serves as part of a broader strategy to protect the digital economy, mitigate business risks, and strengthen financial sector security. Methods: The study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) model. The application features an elderly-friendly interface with large fonts, simple navigation, and adaptive learning. User testing was conducted with elderly participants to assess usability and effectiveness, incorporating experiential learning principles to enhance engagement. Findings: Initial prototype evaluation with 15 elderly participants (aged 62-74) showed that 87% successfully completed basic navigation tasks independently, and 73% completed the full learning flow without assistance. The experiential learning approach integrated into the prototype design proved more effective than traditional lecture-based methods in preliminary testing. Common usability challenges identified included back navigation difficulties (40% of participants) and quiz submission confusion, informing iterative design improvements. Conclusion: This application offers a sustainable, cost-effective solution that not only reduces cybercrime-related losses among the elderly but also contributes to a broader strategy of economic digital security. It plays a vital role in reducing financial sector risks, enhancing digital trust, and safeguarding businesses against the rising tide of cybercrime, which in turn helps mitigate risks for businesses and financial institutions. Novelty/Originality of this article: This research introduces a unique approach that combines cybersecurity education for the elderly with strategies to mitigate economic risks in the digital economy. The application integrates an elderly-friendly interface and experiential learning techniques to enhance digital literacy, while simultaneously offering a scalable solution to reduce the broader impact of online fraud on the financial sector
Digital transformation of takaful through artificial intelligence: Trends in research and future directions
No full textBackground: This study aims to map research trends concerning the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the development of Islamic insurance (takaful). Methods: Employing bibliometric techniques, the study analyzes data retrieved from the Scopus database for the period 2015–2025. The research utilized a comprehensive query string focusing on keywords such as AI, blockchain, and takaful, followed by a rigorous data cleaning process to ensure metadata consistency. Quantitative analysis and thematic mapping were conducted using VOSviewer software to visualize publication trends, influential contributors, and emerging research clusters. Findings: The results indicate a significant increase in publications on AI and takaful, although overall output remains limited. The most productive contributors include Jan, Meskini, and Mohamed, while the most frequently cited work is Fintech and Islamic Finance: Digitalization, Development and Disruption (2019) by Alam, Gupta, and Zameni, with 86 citations. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems and The Future of Islamic Finance: From Shari‘ah Law to Fintech are the leading publication outlets, whereas Stellar Consulting Group Ltd. records the highest institutional output. At the country level, Malaysia dominates the field with 12 publications, reflecting its strong research commitment. Thematic mapping highlights fintech, risk, company, contract, industry, design methodology approach, supervision, takaful company, and gap as central themes. Recent research emphasizes blockchain, financial inclusion, supervision, accuracy, and methodological design, while emerging but underexplored areas—such as the construction industry, government and state policy, permissioned blockchain, cooperation, and order—offer considerable potential for future inquiry. Conclusion: Research on AI in takaful is steadily expanding but remains in its formative stage. The field is highly interdisciplinary, with fintech and blockchain emerging as dominant themes, yet substantial opportunities remain for further exploration. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study provides the first systematic bibliometric mapping of AI in takaful, capturing publication trends, influential authors, institutions, and themes
Nordic education policy construction as a model for reforming Indonesia's national education system towards SDG-based digital transformation
No full textBackground: Digital transformation in education has become a strategic necessity in the era of Society 5.0, when technology serves not only as an industrial tool but also as a means of improving the quality of human life. This study analyzes the consistency of education policies in Scandinavian countries particularly Finland as a model for Indonesia in realizing sustainable and equitable digital education transformation. Methods: Using qualitative research methods with a literature review approach, this study examines policy documents, scientific literature, international reports, and national regulations to compare the direction of digital education policies in Finland and Indonesia. Findings: The results show that Finland's success is supported by long-term policy stability, research-based curriculum renewal, coordinated decentralization, teacher readiness as key actors, equitable digital infrastructure, and strict data protection. In contrast, Indonesia still faces challenges in the form of overly rapid curriculum changes, inconsistent policy direction, infrastructure gaps, and low digital competence among some educators. Conclusion: This study concludes that Indonesia can achieve an inclusive, adaptive, and sustainable digital education transformation through long-term policy consistency, multi-stakeholder collaboration, and the integration of local values as the foundation for national policy development. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study offers a policy reformulation model in the form of a Grand Design for Digital Education Transformation and the establishment of INDEC as a data-based national evaluation and coordination center
Asset based revenue driven digital incubation (ARDI) for MSME financing: A scenario-based simulation of pawn based lending at pawnshop
No full textBackground: Pawn-based financing has played a critical role in improving MSME liquidity access in Indonesia, particularly through Pegadaian. However, its function remains largely transactional, positioning Pegadaian primarily as a short-term liquidity provider rather than a growth-oriented financing engine. This structural limitation constrains MSME business continuity, performance development, and long-term financial inclusion. Methods: This study proposes Asset Based Revenue Driven Digital Incubation (ARDI) as a reconfiguration of pawn-based MSME financing that integrates asset-based access, revenue-linked repayment, and digital performance monitoring. Using a scenario-based simulation approach, the study evaluates MSME-level, institutional-level, and system-level outcomes under a baseline pawn-based financing configuration and an ARDI scenario. Simulation parameters are derived from literature-consistent risk adjustments and institutional data patterns. Findings: At the MSME level, ARDI improves revenue performance, business survival probability, and financing continuity by aligning repayment obligations with cash-flow capacity. At the institutional level, Pegadaian experiences lower non-performing pawn ratios and reduced loss severity, indicating enhanced portfolio stability. When aggregated at the system level, these improvements translate into stronger financial inclusion, improved MSME bankability, and increased efficiency through digital integration, suggesting a reduced constraint on sustainable MSME financing capacity. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that the limitations of pawn-based MSME financing are not rooted in access constraints, but in the absence of performance linkage, adaptive repayment mechanisms, and data-driven monitoring. ARDI addresses these gaps by transforming pawn-based financing from a liquidity instrument into a structured incubation pathway that supports MSME development while maintaining institutional prudence. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study introduces ARDI as a novel framework that bridges asset-based lending and revenue-driven incubation within a pawn-based institutional context, offering a scalable and policy-relevant pathway to strengthen MSME financing ecosystems
Identification and clustering of drought-prone areas based on geographical, climatic, and socio-economic indicators: Supporting sustainable environmental management policies
No full textBackground: Drought is one of the most crucial environmental issues with widespread impacts across various regions of the world, including Indonesia, where changes in rainfall patterns and land use exacerbate the condition. This study aims to identify and cluster drought-prone areas in Central Sulawesi based on geographic, climatic, and socio-economic indicators, with 22 variables representing these three indicators. Methods: The analysis uses a quantitative approach based on data mining through the K-Means Clustering technique. Secondary data from 2019 to 2025 were integrated from multiple agencies, including BPS, BMKG, and BNPB, while the optimal number of clusters was determined using the Silhouette method executed via RStudio. Findings: The analysis results show three clusters with different levels of drought vulnerability, namely Cluster 1 (high drought), Cluster 2 (moderate drought), and Cluster 3 (low drought). Cluster 1 is characterized by high temperatures, low rainfall, and intensive mining activities. Cluster 2 has moderate rainfall and better environmental conditions. Cluster 3 shows relatively stable hydrological and socio-economic conditions. Climatic factors, particularly rainfall are the most influential indicators of drought vulnerability. Geographical factors such as irrigated areas and the extent of forests and water bodies also contribute, as do socioeconomic factors such as population density, poverty levels, and access to clean water. Conclusion: This analysis provides a spatial overview of the distribution of drought risk and serves as a scientific basis for policy formulation. The analysis then provides policy recommendations, including irrigation development and water conservation in moderately vulnerable areas, sustainable resource management in low-risk areas, and green economy development in safe areas to support sustainable environmental management. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this study lies in its integrated multidimensional approach, combining geographic, climatic, and socio-economic indicators through K-Means Clustering to map drought vulnerability in Central Sulawesi
Use of artificial intelligence from an ethical perspective in agronomy: Global, national (Cuba) and local (Trinidad) analysis
No full textBackground: Artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a transformative tool in global agriculture, although its integration entails ethical implications that may exacerbate inequalities. This research provides a critical analysis of the ethical use of AI in agronomy, examining global, national (Cuba) and local (Trinidad) contexts. Methods: The study employed mixed methodology with systematic review, surveys (n=120), focus groups (n=25) and key informant interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. Findings were integrated through a SWOT analysis and validated using methodological triangulation. Findings: Results reveal a significant digital divide (only 10% of farmers in Trinidad report acceptable connectivity) and high interest (70%) in contextualized solutions. This research identify that 78% of technicians express concern about algorithmic biases in solutions not adapted to the Cuban context. Based on SWOT analysis, we propose a four-dimensional action plan with axes on infrastructure, training, contextualized development and governance. Conclusion: The study concludes that ethical AI implementation in Cuban agriculture requires a sovereign approach prioritizing frugal solutions, community governance and alignment with the socialist production model. Novelty/Originality of this article: The uniqueness of this research lies in its critical ethical assessment of the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) within a non-Western agricultural framework, specifically by comparing the global discourse on AI with local realities in Cuba and Trinidad
SUNDISH flakes: An innovation in local-ingredient flakes made from breadfruit flour and pigeon pea flour as a supplementary feeding program for children
No full textBackground: Stunting is a chronic nutritional condition that remains a significant public health concern in Indonesia, particularly among children under five years of age. Effective prevention requires appropriate nutritional interventions through supplementary feeding that is nutrient dense, higher in protein, affordable, acceptable to children, and supported by scientific evidence. Many existing supplementary feeding products are still less favored because their taste, aroma, and texture do not align with children’s preferences and their use of local food resources remains limited. Methods: This study used a Completely Randomized Design with five pigeon pea–breadfruit flour formulations, evaluated through sensory, texture, color, and proximate analyses (moisture, ash, and protein), with data analyzed using ANOVA and follow-up statistical tests to determine the best formulation. Findings: Products were formulated in five proportions of breadfruit flour to pigeon pea flour, namely (85%:15%, 70%:30%, 55%:45%, 40%:60%, and 25%:75%). Sensory evaluation on color, aroma, texture, taste, and overall acceptance was conducted by 25 panelists and analyzed using Analysis of Variance followed by Duncan New Multiple Range Test at a five percent significance level. The most preferred formulation was further analyzed for protein, ash, and moisture content and compared with commercial supplementary feeding flakes using Independent t-test analysis. The formulation containing 40 % breadfruit flour and 60 % pigeon pea flour obtained the highest scores for texture, taste, and overall acceptance and showed favorable chemical characteristics with protein 10.543%, ash 2.38 %, and moisture 5.27 %, with protein significantly higher than commercial products which contain 7.173 %. Conclusion: These findings indicate that Sundish Flakes has promising nutritional quality and sensory acceptance, making it relevant to support efforts in stunting prevention through improved local food utilization. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study develops a high-protein supplementary cereal from locally sourced breadfruit and pigeon pea flours to improve sensory acceptance and nutritional quality for stunting prevention among Indonesian children
The impact of digital da'wah consumption intensity on anxiety levels in generation z students
No full textBackground: The development of digital technology has shifted the pattern of Islamic propagation (da'wah) from conventional to digital, utilizing platforms like YouTube, TikTok, and Instagram. Digital da'wah has now become the main medium for disseminating Islamic values, especially among Generation Z, who are known as digital natives with a high level of engagement with social media. This phenomenon raises questions regarding the influence of the intensity of watching digital da'wah content on psychological conditions, particularly anxiety, in university students. Based on the Uses and Gratifications theory and Spielberger's anxiety theory, this study aims to analyze the relationship between the intensity of watching digital da'wah and the anxiety levels of Generation Z students. Methods: The research employed a quantitative approach using a correlational method. The research subjects consisted of 60 students from Universitas Islam 45 Bekasi, selected using a convenience sampling technique. Data were collected through two psychological scales: the Digital Da'wah Watching Intensity Scale, developed based on Del Barrio's theory, and the Anxiety Scale, adapted from Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Data analysis was performed using the Pearson correlation test, simple linear regression, and the Chi-Square test with SPSS. Findings: The results of the study indicated no significant relationship between the intensity of watching digital da'wah content and the students' anxiety levels (r =-0.135; p = 0.303), with a coefficient of determination (R^2) value of 0.018. This means that the intensity of watching only explains 1.8% of the variation in anxiety, while the remaining 98.2% is influenced by other factors such as academic pressure, social support, and personality. Descriptively, both variables were in the moderate category, indicating that although students actively watch digital da'wah content, it did not have a significant impact on reducing anxiety. The Chi-Square test results also indicated that some demographic factors, such as academic year, study program, activity, and the type of da'wah content, had a significant relationship with both watching intensity and anxiety levels. Conclusion: This study confirms that the effectiveness of digital da'wah is not determined by the frequency of viewing, but rather by the quality of the message and the delivery method that emphasizes empathy, compassion, and spiritual hope. Theoretically, this result reinforces the understanding that digital da'wah affects state anxiety (which is temporary), rather than established trait anxiety (which is fixed). Novelty/Originality of this article: This research is novel in examining the relationship between the intensity of watching digital da'wah and anxiety levels in Generation Z using a media psychology approach. The study highlights the phenomenon of micro-consumption of digital da'wah and finds that high frequency does not always correlate with a decrease in anxiety, thus offering a new perspective on the effectiveness of da'wah in the digital era