Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future
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Mining practices in Indonesia: The role of agrarian law in land grabbing and the elimination of indigenous peoples rights
No full textBackground: The relationship between nature and society is an ecological unity that is mutually formed. However, in the historical premise of capitalism, man is separated from nature and placed in relations of production that make nature an object of exploitation for the accumulation of capital. In Indonesia, the expansion of extractive industries, particularly mining, does contribute to national economic growth, but at the same time results in structural land grabbing, especially in indigenous territories. This study aims to examine the practice of mining as a manifestation of the capitalist system that perpetuates agrarian injustice, deprivation of land rights, and the marginalization of Indigenous Peoples. Methods: The research uses qualitative method through literature review and comparative-descriptive case study with socio-legal approach to examine the relationship between socio-ecological reality due to mining and agrarian legal framework. Data were obtained from Scopus and Web of Science indexed journals, ecological perspective books, and NGO and institutional reports. The analysis was carried out using Marxist ecological theory, which views capitalism as treating nature as an unlimited resource that can be exploited, as well as agrarian law theory, which asserts that the earth, water, and natural resources must be controlled by the state for the greatest prosperity of the people. Findings: The findings show that the hegemony of the mining industry in Papua, North Maluku, NTT, and Sumatra is causing the loss of indigenous peoples' living space, resulting in increased poverty and decreased health quality, as well as triggering ecological damage such as deforestation and river pollution. This condition is consistent with the Marxist ecological perspective that capitalism encourages degrarianization and creates ecological disharmony through the expansion of extractive industrial production space. In addition, formal agrarian law often fails to protect indigenous peoples' rights to land as living space. Conclusion: In conclusion, capitalism transforms nature from a living space into an object of production, while the role of the state that facilitates extractive industries reinforces structural inequality and ignores the mandate of Agrarian Justice in Article 2 point 3 of the 1960 Constitution. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this study lies in integrating Marxist ecological theory with agrarian law analysis to reveal how capitalism and state-facilitated mining perpetuate indigenous dispossession and ecological degradation in Indonesia
From environmental threat to psychological distress: eco-anxiety as an emerging mental health issue in climate-vulnerable societies
No full textBackground: Climate change has increasingly been recognized not only as an environmental crisis but also as a significant threat to human mental health. One emerging psychological response to this condition is eco-anxiety, which reflects persistent worry, fear, and emotional distress related to environmental degradation and climate uncertainty. In Indonesia, where climate-related disasters and ecological vulnerability are highly prevalent, discussions on eco-anxiety remain fragmented and underexplored within mental health discourse. This study aims to critically review existing literature on eco-anxiety and examine how the climate crisis affects mental health from both global and Indonesian perspectives. Methods: This study employed a qualitative literature review approach by systematically collecting and analyzing scientific publications from national and international databases, including SINTA, Scopus, and PubMed Central. Relevant peer-reviewed journal articles and selected disaster reports were reviewed using thematic analysis to identify key patterns, relationships, and research gaps related to eco-anxiety and mental health. Findings: The review indicates that eco-anxiety is closely associated with psychological distress such as anxiety, stress, and reduced mental well-being, particularly among younger populations and communities exposed to climate risks. Social context, media exposure, and collective experiences were found to intensify eco-anxiety, while adaptive coping mechanisms and social support play important roles in mental resilience. However, empirical research in Indonesia remains limited, with a lack of culturally adaptive measurement tools and integrated policy responses. Conclusion: Eco-anxiety represents a multidimensional mental health challenge that requires greater attention within climate adaptation and public health strategies. Integrating environmental perspectives into mental health services is essential to strengthen psychological resilience amid ongoing climate change. Novelty/Originality of this article: This article contributes a comprehensive and contextualized synthesis of eco-anxiety literature by highlighting research gaps, social dimensions, and policy implications within the Indonesian context, offering an integrative perspective that connects environmental psychology, mental health, and climate change
Innovation of feed additive for broiler chickens: A combination of ground corn and ginger (Zingiber officinale) as an immunostimulator and antivirus agent for avian influenza
Get PDFBackground: Indonesia, with the fourth largest population globally, faces increasing demand for animal protein, particularly from broiler chicken production. However, this industry is challenged by the avian influenza virus, which causes high mortality in both poultry and humans. The virus’s hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) glycoproteins are key to its infectivity. Innovative feed formulations that reduce viral titers while maintaining nutritional value are critical. This study aims to develop an innovative broiler chicken feed combining corn and bioactive compounds from ginger (Zingiber officinale) to inhibit avian influenza virus activity and sustain poultry health. Methods: This study employed a descriptive-experimental approach to develop an innovative broiler feed made from ground corn and ginger (JAZI) and to evaluate its effects on physiology, immunity, and growth. The work included research trend related, research manufacturing stage, and implementation stage to assess its practical effectiveness in enhancing broiler productivity and resilience against avian influenza. Findings: Ginger bioactives demonstrated the ability to inactivate viral particles by penetrating the lipid membrane, reducing HA activity, and preventing hemagglutination. Additionally, ginger supplementation was shown to enhance immune responses through activation of T-helper cells and antibody production, improving broiler performance indicators such as feed conversion ratio (FCR) and overall health. The integration of JAZI feed contributes to reduced antibiotic dependence and promotes sustainable poultry farming practices. Conclusion: The JAZI feed innovation provides a natural, safe, and sustainable solution for enhancing broiler immunity against avian influenza through synergistic nutritional and antiviral mechanisms. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study introduces JAZI as a dual-function feed innovation that not only supplies essential nutrition but also acts as an immunostimulant and antiviral agent against avian influenza, aligning with the One Health and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs 15) frameworks
Educational ecotourism as a medium for environmental character building: Lessons from a honey-picking experience
No full textBackground: This study aims to analyze the feasibility of honeybee cultivation attractions as an object for developing educational ecotourism and to formulate strategies for developing the “Honey Picking” educational tourism package at Ir. H. Djuanda Grand Forest Park (Tahura), Bandung. Methods: This research employed a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Primary data were obtained through observation, in-depth interviews, and questionnaires distributed to visitors using purposive sampling, while secondary data were gathered from literature reviews and relevant supporting documents. Data analysis was carried out using the SWOT method to identify internal and external factors influencing the development of the tourism package. Findings: The results show that the honey-picking educational ecotourism program has strong internal strengths and favorable external conditions, with IFAS and EFAS scores of 3.03 and 2.89, placing it in Quadrant I. Interactive educational activities, natural attractions, accessibility, and community support drive growth, while improvements in digital promotion, management capacity, and safety standards are required to ensure sustainable development. Conclusion: The study concludes that the “Honey Picking” educational ecotourism package holds strong potential to be developed as a sustainable conservation-based educational tourism model. This activity not only increases visitors’ knowledge and environmental awareness but also provides economic and social benefits for local communities and supports biodiversity conservation efforts in the Ir. H. Djuanda Grand Forest Park area, Bandung. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this study lies in its development of an interactive “Honey Picking” edu-ecotourism concept based on honeybee cultivation, which has not previously been explored in the context of Tahura Ir. H. Djuanda. Additionally, the study offers a strategic, data-driven framework using SWOT analysis to guide the creation of sustainable conservation-based educational tourism packages
Exploring community resilience: A qualitative study on earthquake preparedness and response in vulnerable regions (Kathmandu)
No full textBackground: The way communities handle disasters directly influences earthquake impact reduction most significantly within regions that are easily damaged like Nepal. This research analyzes the subjective elements of preparedness and risk recognition and response approaches among Kathmandu-based communities. Methods: The research used questionnaire surveys to gather information from individuals representing different family sizes, methods of income and age brackets. The study analyzed several driving elements for preparedness that combine information accessibility with neighborhood safety evaluations and citizen involvement and institutional backing. Findings: The data indicates that homeowners showed mixed assessments regarding their house structural readiness for major earthquakes since 46.9% said their homes were strong enough while 50% remained unsure about it. The majority (75.8%) of the population used social media for earthquake information yet fewer than one-third (33.3%) were satisfied with training and nearly nine-tenths (87.9%) had not received preparedness materials. Studies found that an unsatisfactory pace of recovery occurred after disasters because 33.3% of communities needed help months later and 33.3% received no assistance. Community engagement together with traditional knowledge showed promise as potential resilience-builders yet formal disaster planning systems demonstrate minimal integration of these approaches. Conclusion: Research suggests the augmentation of educational campaigns about disasters should be paired with better warning alerts together with financial help for building improvements and more organized institutional cooperation. The establishment of comprehensive measures to bridge these areas will help Nepal construct resilient communities. Novelty/originality of this article: The research adds important knowledge to earthquake risk reduction science along with community resilience approaches that benefits policymakers through their work with disaster management agencies
A comparative earnings manipulation analysis using beneish m score and dechow f score: The case of ZSE a selected firm
No full textBackground: The study seeks to compare Beneish M Score and Dechow F score proficiency in financial statement fraud detection utilizing a selected Zimbabwe Stock Exchange listed manufacturing firm. Methods: A quantitative research approach was adopted for the study. The Dechow F Score model and Beneish M Score were utilised in the analysis of secondary data of the selected firm from 2011 to 2015 and during the hyperinflation period relevant financial information from 2021 to 2023. The findings were cross validated with Independent external auditor reports. Finding: There exists no fraudulent financial reporting utilising the F Score model from 2011 to 2015 as the F Score was less than 1. The M score attests to non-manipulation from 2011 to 2014, with 2015 -2.009 reveals manipulation of financials but relatively low risk. The year 2023 has an F Score of 1.151 which falls within the above normal risk category. The Independent Auditor Report (IAR) reveals unqualified audit opinion for the years 2021 and 2023. In the year 2022, IAR exposes a qualified audit opinion. The M Score reveals non manipulation in 2021 and 2023 but manipulation detected in 2022. The findings reveal the Beneish M Score has 87.5% accuracy with Dechow F Score 62.5% accuracy. Conclusion: The period under study from 2011 to 2015 and 2021 to 2023 were selected for the study due constant changes to local currency adoption for which relevant financial information was available. Novelty/Originality of this article: The study provides insight into earnings manipulation models (Beneish M Score and Dechow F Score) in normal economic environment as well as hyperinflation. During periods of hyperinflation, the Dechow F score signified financial statements were high risk validating false positives when compared to the Beneish M Score findings that were in line with IAR opinions
Insurance claim settlement delays and their consequences for service quality and financial management
Get PDFBackground: Delays in health insurance claim payments remain a persistent challenge for healthcare providers in Indonesia, particularly private clinics that rely heavily on insurance reimbursements for operational sustainability. Methods: This study employed a qualitative case-study approach at MMC using in-depth interviews with clinic managers, administrative staff, and medical personnel, supported by document analysis of insurance claims data from 2022–2023. Data were analyzed using thematic coding and triangulation techniques. Findings: The results indicate a declining proportion of claims paid within the agreed settlement period (N-1, defined as claims settled within one month after submission), alongside a significant increase in delayed claims, including claims settled after two months (N-2) and those exceeding two months (>N-2). Claim payment delays were primarily caused by incomplete medical records, limited administrative capacity, inadequate management information systems, and financial constraints on the insurer’s side. These delays disrupted clinic cash flow, delayed staff salary payments, constrained drug availability, and negatively affected service quality. Conclusion: Late payment of health insurance claims significantly undermines both financial stability and service quality at MMC (a private healthcare clinic in Mataram City, Indonesia). Strengthening administrative capacity, improving medical documentation completeness, and optimizing clinic–insurer coordination are critical strategies to mitigate claim delays and ensure sustainable healthcare service delivery. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study contributes novel insights by explicitly linking claim-settlement time categories (claims settled within one month, two months, and more than two months) with service quality implications at the clinic level, providing empirical evidence from Indonesia’s private healthcare sector
Yogyakarta culture technology (Yogyakarta–cultech): Utilizing user-friendly gamification-based platforms to revitalize Yogyakarta's culture in enhancing digital literacy and achieving SDG 11
No full textBackground: The development of digital technology provides great opportunities for the preservation and revitalization of local culture, but on the other hand, it also presents challenges in the form of declining interest among the younger generation in regional culture and low digital literacy rooted in local wisdom values. Amidst the tide of globalization and the dominance of popular digital culture, Yogyakarta culture risks being marginalized if it is not adapted to a medium that is relevant to the character of the current generation. To address these issues, an innovation called Yogyakarta Culture Technology (Yogyakarta-Cultech) was developed. This innovation was developed through a digital platform development approach using a system design method based on literature review, user needs analysis, and the use of gamification concepts. Methods: This study adopts a qualitative descriptive development approach to examine the use of a gamification-based digital platform as a strategy for cultural revitalization and the strengthening of city branding authenticity. Data were collected through literature review, needs analysis, and expert validation, and analyzed using thematic qualitative techniques grounded in cultural revitalization, digital literacy, and place branding perspectives. Findings: Yogyakarta-Cultech is a user-friendly and interactive cultural learning platform that integrates gamification elements to increase the participation and interest of the younger generation in Yogyakarta's culture. This platform has main features such as Explore Culture Map, Quiz Time, and Friend Challenge, which encourage exploration and active user engagement. Conclusion: Yogyakarta-Cultech aims not only to revitalize Yogyakarta's culture in the digital space, but also to improve the community's digital literacy in a contextual and sustainable manner. Novelty/Originality of this article: This innovation is expected to contribute to supporting the preservation of local culture, strengthening cultural identity, and achieving Indonesia's 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly target 11, which is sustainable cities and communities
Strategic governance for hybrid maritime threats: A hexa-helix model approach
No full textBackground: Indonesia's eastern maritime region, despite its immense geostrategic importance, faces persistent defense infrastructure gaps, limited naval presence, and fragmented policy implementation. This study aims to address these challenges by proposing the Hexa-Helix collaboration model as a strategic policy framework for maritime defense reinforcement. Methods: Employing qualitative strategic analysis and literature review, the research elaborates the evolution of innovation collaboration theory from the Triple Helix to a novel Hexa-Helix model tailored to the archipelagic defense context. Findings: Findings indicate that existing maritime defense efforts in Eastern Indonesia are hindered by underdeveloped naval infrastructure, limited local shipbuilding industries, and weak stakeholder integration. The Hexa-Helix model incorporates six key actors: government, navy, academia, industry, society, and media to establish a more inclusive and adaptive defense ecosystem, particularly in high-risk zones such as the Sulu Sea. Conclusion: This study concludes that the Hexa-Helix collaboration model provides an effective governance framework for addressing hybrid maritime threats by integrating defense, innovation, and public engagement across key stakeholders. The model strengthens maritime security and institutional resilience in archipelagic regions facing complex transboundary challenges. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this study lies in institutionalizing the Navy and media as independent helices, expanding conventional innovation frameworks to address hybrid threats in maritime border areas. The model offers strategic pathways for enhancing Indonesia's maritime sovereignty and fostering sustainable local defense industry growth
Sustainable ecotourism in small island destinations: A strategic planning perspective
Get PDFBackground: The sustainable development of coastal ecotourism requires context-specific strategies that balance economic opportunities with ecological preservation. Sahara Beach in Longa Village, Wangi-Wangi District, Wakatobi Regency, holds significant potential as an ecotourism destination but remains underdeveloped. This study aims to design a strategic development plan to enhance its competitiveness and sustainability. Methods: A mixed-method approach was applied, combining qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis. SWOT analysis served as the primary tool to identify internal strengths and weaknesses as well as external opportunities and threats, thereby guiding the formulation of strategic priorities for sustainable ecotourism planning. Finding: The findings reveal that the Strengths–Opportunities (S-O) aggressive strategy offers the most effective pathway for Sahara Beach’s development. Key strategic priorities include: (1) strengthening digital-based promotional campaigns to broaden market reach and increase tourist arrivals, and (2) leveraging government support alongside cross-sectoral partnerships to accelerate the improvement of infrastructure and tourism facilities. These strategies are designed to simultaneously enhance ecological conservation, socio-cultural preservation, and economic benefits for local communities. Conclusion: This study provides actionable insights for policymakers and stakeholders in Wakatobi, highlighting the value of SWOT-based approaches in ecotourism planning. Beyond its local application, the study contributes to the broader discourse on sustainable coastal tourism across small island regions. Ultimately, Sahara Beach has the potential to emerge as a competitive and resilient ecotourism hub while delivering meaningful socio-economic outcomes for surrounding communities. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this study lies in its application of a SWOT-based mixed-method approach specifically tailored for small-island coastal ecotourism planning in Indonesia