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149 research outputs found
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Personality and Individual Differences
No full text2181-441/2019/2020/8116Wyznaczniki i konsekwencje codziennej życzliwościafter_publicationfinal_autho
Psychophysiology
No full textAbstractPresented studies explored the rear bias phenomenon, that is, the attentional and affective bias to sounds occurring behind the listener. Physiological and psychological reactions (i.e., fEMG, EDA/SCR, Simple Reaction Task–SRT, and self‐assessments of affect‐related states) were measured in response to tones of different frequencies (Study 1) and emotional vocalizations (Study 2) presented in rear and front spatial locations. Results showed that emotional vocalizations, when located in the back, facilitate reactions related to attention orientation (i.e., auricularis muscle response and simple reaction times) and evoke higher arousal—both physiological (as measured by SCR) and psychological (self‐assessment scale). Importantly, observed asymmetries were larger for negative and threat‐related signals (e.g., anger) than positive/nonthreatening ones (e.g., achievement). By contrast, there were only small differences for the relatively higher frequency tones. The observed relationships are discussed in terms of one of the postulated auditory system's functions, which is monitoring of the environment in order to quickly detect potential threats that occur outside of the visual field (e.g., behind one's back).1-18after_publicationfinal_autho
Journal of Applied Social Psychology
No full textAbstractWe investigated outcomes associated with different types of partisan identity in a sample of political candidates for parliament and local offices (N = 214). We distinguished partisan narcissism, a belief in the greatness of one's political party that is not appreciated by others, from partisan identification, feeling part of the party and evaluating it positively. We examined their links with self‐reported measures of politicians' functioning in their work: political skill, integrity, and party dedication. Partisan narcissism was associated with lower integrity in one's political role, meaning those high in partisan narcissism reported more inclination to engage in secrecy, deception, and political blood‐sport (behavior also known as politicking). Partisan narcissism did not predict party dedication: it was not associated with intentions to leave the party and volunteering in party activities, and in fact, it was linked to past membership in other political parties. Meanwhile, we found that partisan identification was associated with higher levels of political skill, while also predicting party dedication in that it predicted lower intentions to leave the party and volunteering in party activities but was unrelated to membership in other parties in the past. Cumulatively, these results suggest that partisan identification is associated with competence and dedication in politicians' work. Conversely, partisan narcissism seems to contribute to being cunning in the political arena and relates to more devious work habits that many find stereotypical of politicians.1-132018/29/B/HS6/02826„Czy silna identyfikacja może szkodzić grupie? Rola bezpiecznych i defensywnych form identyfikacji z grupą w relacjach wewnątrzgrupowych i realizacji grupowych celów”after_publicationfinal_autho
Nature Reviews Psychology
No full text2018/29/B/HS6/02826Czy silna identyfikacja może szkodzić grupie? Rola bezpiecznych i defensywnych form identyfikacji w grupą w relacjach wewnątrzgrupowych i realizacji grupowych celówafter_publicationfinal_autho
Social Indicators Research
No full textAbstractThis paper explores patterns and motivations for social tie formation and dissolution in the context of age. It provides empirical tests of the social convoy model, socioemotional selectivity theory, and the differential investment of resources (DIRe) model. Data comes from a survey administered face-to-face to a large, representative sample of the population of Poland (n = 1000). Controlling for between-tie and between-ego differences, it is found that the intensity of forming and dropping new ties is a decreasing function of age, but the relationship becomes weaker among people aged 40 and older. The number of social ties people maintain (degree) is also a decreasing function of age. However, the number of social ties with family, as opposed to coworkers and other acquaintances, is roughly constant across age groups. Young women, but not men, tend to form fewer ties if they are married. Both expressive and instrumental motivations for social tie formation are relatively most active in middle adulthood. The data also reveal a “rich get richer” effect: people with relatively high degree and a more central position in a social network tend to form more new ties and enlarge their social network over time.1-472019/35/B/HS6/01421Potrzeba poznawczego domknięcia, samoocena oraz sprawczość i wspólnotwość a uczestnictwo w sieciach społecznychafter_publicationfinal_autho
Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being
No full textAbstractThis study investigated psychological toll of the ongoing war in neighboring Ukraine in a sample of adult Poles (N = 1245). Data were collected online in early February and August 2022. Prospective analyses that accounted for psychological health status assessed before the Russian invasion showed that higher levels of sense of danger due to the war predicted higher levels of psychological distress and lower levels of affect balance close to 6 months after Russia attacked Ukraine. Sense of country's mastery (i.e. beliefs that government, its major institutions, and citizens would effectively cope with various emergencies and crises) served as a protective factor. Likewise, Poles who had confidence in their personal mastery (e.g., beliefs in ability to exercise control over life challenges) exhibited less distress and more subjective well‐being. These findings emerged after controlling for sociodemographic factors, the presence of stressful experiences associated with the COVID‐19 pandemic, and other life events. Wars dramatically reverberate beyond the borders of the countries involved. People's own sense of mastery and their trust in the resilience of their governmental and public institutions are critical in times of coping with existential security threats and wars.1-192020/37/B/HS6/02957Długotrwałe skutki pandemii COVID-19 w zakresie psychicznego i społecznego dobrostanu Polaków: Rola pokryzysowych procesów wsparcia społecznego oraz relacji interpersonalnych i społecznych.at_publicationfinal_autho
Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being
No full textAbstractThe study examined the resilience and coping of samples from Ukraine and five nearby countries during the war in Ukraine. The research focused on (1) the levels of community and societal resilience of the Ukrainian respondents compared with the populations of five nearby European countries and (2) commonalities and diversities concerning coping indicators (hope, well‐being, perceived threats, distress symptoms, and sense of danger) across the examined countries. A cross‐sectional study was conducted, based on data collection through Internet panel samples, representing the six countries' adult populations. Ukrainian respondents reported the highest levels of community and societal resilience, hope, and distress symptoms and the lowest level of well‐being, compared to the population of the five nearby European countries. Hope was the best predictor of community and societal resilience in all countries. Positive coping variables, most notably hope, but also perceived well‐being are instrumental in building resilience. While building resilience on a societal level is a complex, multifaceted task, various dimensions must be considered when planning actions to support these states. It is essential to monitor the levels of resilience, during and following the resolution of the crisis, both in Ukraine and in the neighboring countries.1-19after_publicationfinal_autho
