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General Meeting & Conference of COST Action 22155: Poznan, Poland / March 19-21 2025 ; Programme and abstracts [EU-PoTaRCh]
No full textInterlinking landscape pattern and repeated measurements of bee diversity for standardized long-time monitoring in agricultural ecosystems
No full textFIT for purpose? Using flight interception traps for sampling bees in flowering tree canopies
No full textStart-ups in ländlichen Räumen
Full text link• Wie häufig Start-ups gegründet werden, unterscheidet sich regional deutlich. Sowohl der Grad der Ländlichkeit der Region als auch ihre sozioökonomische Lage spielen eine Rolle. • Selbst in eher ländlichen Regionen, die häufig im Umland urbaner Zentren liegen, betragen die Gründungsraten weniger als ein Drittel der Start-up-Raten urbaner Räume. • Innerhalb der ländlichen Räume scheinen sich Start-ups vor allem auf regionale Zentren wie kleinere kreisfreie Städte zu konzentrieren
Improvement in the Usability of Meat Inspection Findings for Swine Herd Health Management
No full textData from post-mortem inspections conducted using official controls on the meat production of slaughtered pigs are generally considered valuable for identifying herd health issues and ensuring meat safety. However, several studies highlighted that a multi-stage assessment of lung changes would provide more useful information on animal health than the implemented binary (yes/no) recording. For this purpose, a new scheme was developed and subsequently used by trained official veterinarians at four slaughterhouses in Austria. Implementation of the multi-stage assessment was carried out in parallel with the conventional assessment, and data collected from both schemes were analyzed and compared to evaluate effectiveness. The analysis of the data (n = 20,345) showed that the most common alteration was low-grade (28.4%), followed by moderate-grade (11.3%,) and then high-grade pneumonia (5.2%). In the case of pleurisy, 88.9% of the carcasses showed no alterations of the pleura, and 11.1% had pathological changes (low-grade pleurisy = 4.7%, moderate-grade pleurisy = 2.7%, high-grade pleurisy = 3.7%). Analysis of the results showed a strong heterogeneity of the frequency of alterations between the batches reflecting various underlying animal health issues. Among the influencing factors, the origin of the pigs had the greatest influence. The project demonstrated that the new evaluation can be carried out easily with no extra time effort once staff are trained and the technological platform for reporting is adapted. The more detailed information ensures more useful feedback is provided to the farmers and supervising veterinarians, thereby ensuing animal welfare and contributing to sustainable, improved animal husbandry
How the ASF virus tricks the immune system
No full textResearchers at the Friedrich Loeffler Institute and the University of Greifswald, under the experimental direction of Dr Michael R. Knittler and Dr Ulrike Blohm from the FLI Institute of Immunology, have gained new insights into how the African swine fever virus (ASFV) subverts the immune system of infected pigs. The infectious disease affects domestic and wild pigs, and so far there is no effective vaccine approved in the EU. The study, which was recently published in The Journal of Immunology, focused on monocytes from pigs. These special immune cells are infected by the virus as one of the main targets but at the same time play a key role in defending against the infection. The researchers found that the highly virulent Armenia2008 virus (ASFV-A) specifically disrupts antigen presentation on the surface of these cells. This means that the infected monocytes can no longer report the viruses to the immune defense. The reason for this lies within the cell: ASFV-A causes stress in the infected monocytes, blocks the intracellular processing of the viral antigen and the production of cellular proteins, and ultimately leads to cell death. Dying monocytes also release virus-containing cell debris that can infect neighboring cells and are particularly attractive for new monocytes – a kind of vicious cycle that accelerates the spread of infection in the animal. These findings help to better understand the virus's sophisticated replication strategy and could pave the way for effective vaccines. Luise Brose, Alexander Schäfer, Kati Franzke, Clemens Cammann, Ulrike Seifert, Gang Pei, Sandra Blome, Michael R Knittler, Ulrike Blohm, Virulent African swine fever virus infection of porcine monocytes causes SLA I subversion due to loss of proper ER structure/function, The Journal of Immunology, 2025, vkae063, https://doi.org/10.1093/jimmun/vkae06