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The role of natural resources, fintech, political stability, and social globalization in environmental sustainability: Evidence from the United Kingdom
No full textNumerous studies illustrate that natural resources, financial technologies, social globalization, and political stability are essential factors that influence environmental sustainability. Therefore, researchers in developed nations must explore these interconnections further, mainly when these nations focus on achieving net zero emissions targets. The present analysis illuminates the connotations among natural resources, political stability, fintech, social globalization, and CO2 emissions in the UK. The current analysis has taken the time frame, 2000Q1 to 2021Q4, and employed the latest approach, i.e., the bootstrap ARDL technique, for estimation. The empirical results revealed that natural resources and social globalization are escalating CO2 emissions. Nonetheless, political stability and fintech lead to decreased CO2 emissions in the specific case of the selected developed nation. The present analysis confabulates an uni-directional connotation between all the chosen economic indicators and environmental degradation in the UK. As per the observed empirical outcomes, developed nations must initiate policies and programs to utilize natural resources efficiently without compromising environmental sustainability. In addition, governments in developed nations should encourage financial technologies and political stability to promote ecological sustainability
The impact of sustainable development goals in lending-based prosocial crowdfunding: A topic modeling analysis on the kiva platform
No full textIn lending-based prosocial crowdfunding, where campaigns are specifically focused on entrepreneurial proposals that address significant social and environmental challenges, it is still not clear what factors are more likely to favor a campaign's success. The literature recognizes that project descriptions constitute a major source of information for funders and can influence their choice of whether to lend financial resources. Given the nature of lending-based prosocial crowdfunding, we focus on the presence of different sustainable development goal (SDG) themes in project descriptions, identified through topic modeling analysis, and we measure their impact on the success of a campaign. Using data collected from the Kiva platform, we show that some SDG themes have a negative effect, while others have a positive impact on the success of a campaign. The outcomes of this research contribute to overall scientific understanding of the phenomenon and provide useful insights for entrepreneurs and policymakers to increase the success of their campaigns and further spread lending-based prosocial crowdfunding
2-Layer k-Planar Graphs Density, Crossing Lemma, Relationships And Pathwidth
Get PDFThe 2-layer drawing model is a well-established paradigm to visualize bipartite graphs where vertices of the two parts lie on two horizontal lines and edges lie between these lines. Several beyond-planar graph classes have been studied under this model. Surprisingly, however, the fundamental class of k-planar graphs has been considered only for k = 1 in this context. We provide several contributions that address this gap in the literature.
First, we show tight density bounds for the classes of 2-layer k-planar graphs with k ∈ {2, 3, 4, 5}. Based on these results, we provide a Crossing Lemma for 2-layer k-planar graphs, which then implies a general density bound for 2-layer k-planar graphs. We prove this bound to be almost optimal with a corresponding lower bound construction. Finally, we study relationships between k-planarity and h-quasiplanarity in the 2-layer model and show that 2-layer k-planar graphs have pathwidth at most k + 1 while there are also 2-layer k-planar graphs with pathwidth at least (k + 3)/2.The 2-layer drawing model is a well-established paradigm to visualize bipartite graphs where vertices of the two parts lie on
two horizontal lines and edges lie between these lines. Several beyond-planar graph classes have been studied under this model.
Surprisingly, however, the fundamental class of k-planar graphs has been considered only for k = 1 in this context. We provide several
contributions that address this gap in the literature.
First, we show tight density bounds for the classes of 2-layer k-planar graphs with k ∈ {2, 3, 4, 5}. Based on these results, we provide a
Crossing Lemma for 2-layer k-planar graphs, which then implies a general density bound for 2-layer k-planar graphs. We prove this
bound to be almost optimal with a corresponding lower bound construction. Finally, we study relationships between k-planarity and
h-quasiplanarity in the 2-layer model and show that 2-layer k-planar graphs have pathwidth at most k + 1 while there are also 2-layer
k-planar graphs with pathwidth at least (k + 3)/2
Seduced by Translation: The Sublimation of Calypso, Circe, and Nausicaa in the Odyssey
No full textThesis (B.A. in English Literature)--John Cabot University, Fall 2024.This thesis examines the portrayal of Calypso, Circe, and Nausicaa in the English translations of Homer’s Odyssey by E.V. Rieu, Robert Fitzgerald, Robert Fagles, and Emily Wilson. This thesis will analyze the most significant variations that these characters undergo across translation, revealing cultural biases and imbalances of power within the context of gender dynamics which emerge from the translators’ choices. Each character embodies complex traits that enrich the traditional depiction of women in literature, yet their interpretations oscillate depending on the translator’s perspective. The first chapter of this thesis will focus on the character of Calypso. Often depicted as a seductive figure, Calypso embodies duality as well as representing the subversion of male-centric societal norms. It will be argued that the changes she undergoes in translation diminish her agency, enhancing instead her physical allure. The second chapter of this thesis will analyze Circe’s portrayal in the selected English translations. The chapter will illustrate how Circe changes from being a proto-feminist heroine who invites discussions about female anger and resistance against patriarchal impositions, to a mere love interest for Odysseus’s narrative, effectively reducing her depth and complexity as a character. Lastly, the third chapter of this thesis will be centered on Nausicaa’s character. Despite being originally presented as a symbol of purity and hospitality, in her interactions with Odysseus, Nausicaa is often romanticized, causing the translation to marginalize her intelligence and strategical abilities, as well as the symbolism placed upon her character. This thesis argues that the act of translating a text inevitably alters the essence of the original text by inserting the cultural context and collective perspective of the translator’s societal influences. This is particularly interesting as it sheds light on contemporary perception of gender dynamics and stereotypes, that are, through some of the analyzed translations, only enforced and perpetrated
Investigating the Relationship between CSR Initiatives and Economic Performance: A Case Study of Tata Motors in Emerging, Developing, and Developed Countries
No full textThis purpose of our research is to introduce Tata Motors' approach towards sustainability, worth analyzing due to what might be considered a disadvantageous headquarters in India. Through a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) approach, the paper investigates how emerging and developing countries can produce revolutionary and sustainable innovations whilst simultaneously improving their financial state. Through a stakeholder approach, our case study also reveals practical solutions that foster worldwide consumers' adoption of electric vehicles, overcoming burdens such as high consumer prices and difficulty of use. Our paper provides insights that show emerging countries are not damaged by sustainable efforts, but can actually generate profits from them. Our research also covers the importance of highly competent managers inside an international firm, utilizing Tata Motors' acquisition of Jaguar Land Rover as a representative case
Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability within the Aviation Industry - The Case of Emirates and Ryanair
No full textThis paper analyzes the role of CSR in dealing with social and environmental concerns within the aviation industry. The research focuses on how multinational airlines manage the complexity of integrating environmental commitments with economic goals in a sector that contributes considerably to the global emission. Through a qualitative approach based on secondary data from two leading airline companies, i.e., Emirates and Ryanair, we analyzed the MNEs' CSR initiatives in three primary areas: environmental and social practices, environmental risks and sustainable investment, and CSR benefits to the MNEs and their stakeholders. We found that both airlines have made improvements to offset their carbon emissions. However, high investment cost, weak consumer involvement in CSR initiatives, and inconsistencies in the global regulatory frameworks limit the achievement of their sustainability goals. Additionally, stakeholder perspectives on greenwashing, as well as transparency gaps, emphasize the need for stakeholder engagement strategies and effective communication. This paper therefore details the importance of innovative technologies, global regulatory consistency, and effective stakeholder collaboration in developing sustainable CSR practices in the aviation industry
Bitonic st-Orderings for Upward Planar Graphs: Splits and Bends in the Variable Embedding Scenario
Get PDFBitonic st-orderings for st-planar graphs were introduced as a method to cope with several graph drawing problems. Notably, they have been used to obtain the best-known upper bound on the number of bends for upward planar polyline drawings with at most one bend per edge in polynomial area. For an st-planar graph that does not admit a bitonic st-ordering, one may split certain edges such that for the resulting graph such an ordering exists. Since each split is interpreted as a bend, one is usually interested in splitting as few edges as possible.While this optimization problem admits a linear-time algorithm in the fixed embedding setting, it remains open in the variable embedding setting. We close this gap in the literature by providing a linear-time algorithm that optimizes over all embeddings of the input st-planar graph. The best-known lower bound on the number of required splits of an st-planar graph with n vertices is n − 3. However, it is possible to compute a bitonic st-ordering without any split for the stplanar graph obtained by reversing the orientation of all edges. In terms of upward planar polyline drawings in polynomial area, the former translates into n − 3 bends, while the latter into no bends. We show that this idea cannot always be exploited by describing an st-planar graph that needs at least n − 5 splits in both orientations. We provide analogous bounds for graphs with small degree. Finally, we further investigate the relationship between splits in bitonic st-orderings and bends in upward planar polyline drawings with polynomial area, by providing bounds on the number of bends in such drawings
Past and Current Discrimination: A Call for Reparations for the Sami Indigenous People in Sweden
No full textThesis (B.A. in Art History)--John Cabot University, Fall 2023.This research paper concerns the human rights of indigenous peoples with the example of the Sami People in Sweden. The research aims to use this case to show an example of how human rights of indigenous peoples could be realized. The paper explores the question: “How can Sweden and the Sami People exemplify the rights of indigenous peoples under international law?” The aim of the paper is to explore how the human rights of the Sami People in Sweden have been realized and the possible further actions that could be taken. Through this example the paper will explore the limits of international law compared to domestic practices concerning the human rights of indigenous peoples. The methodology involves an analysis of international law and existing literature on topics relating to indigenous peoples. By using qualitative research, the history of Sami People will be explored, and the current cases of the Sami People connected to rights to land, rights to pursue culture and traditions such as the reindeer husbandry, and the cases of discrimination against the Sami will be compared to their rights as an indigenous population. By exploring the possible means to further the implementation of existing international law of indigenous peoples the case of the Sami People in Sweden will be evaluated. This research is contributing to the larger framework of human rights of indigenous peoples by evaluating the purposes of the existing legal framework and possible implementations of the human rights of indigenous peoples through the example of the Sami People in Sweden. Through the suggestions of reparations, this paper will explore the example of the practical realization of the human rights of indigenous peoples