ACPHS Research Commons (Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences)
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Investigating the influence of human serum albumin concentration on (Z)-4-hydroxytamoxifen treatment of breast cancer.
No full textClick on the Resource Link to find this item in the ACPHS Library catalog.Precision medicine in cancer treatment demands accurate dosing and timely interventions for optimal patient outcomes. However, clinicians encounter numerous challenges, including demographic shifts towards an aging population, rising obesity rates, and complex diagnostic dilemmas contributing to elevated mortality rates. A critical aspect within our control is the selection of appropriate treatments and the precise administration of therapeutic doses. Balancing the efficacy and toxicity of anti-cancer drugs is paramount, as overdosing can lead to adverse effects and financial burden, while suboptimal dosing may result in treatment failure. The therapeutic window for these drugs is narrow yet varies significantly among individuals due to their interactions with proteins and fats in bodily fluids and tissues. Monitoring drug concentrations in the bloodstream provides valuable insights into dosing optimization, yet total drug levels alone do not reflect the active drug fraction within cancerous tissues. To address this limitation, we aimed to establish normalized drug levels by integrating drug concentrations with patient-specific body compositions. Our primary objective was to elucidate the optimal tamoxifen levels for breast cancer treatment and investigate the influence of tamoxifen-protein interactions, particularly with albumin, on breast cancer cell growth. Utilizing a fluidic device designed to mimic drug kinetics in murine physiology, we successfully constructed and validated a model mirroring the in vivo drug distribution and elimination dynamics. Subsequent analysis revealed normalized tamoxifen levels and demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect of albumin on tamoxifen's anti-cancer efficacy in breast cancer cell cultures. These findings underscore the pivotal role of albumin in modulating tamoxifen's therapeutic response in breast cancer. Moreover, leveraging patient-specific albumin levels may inform personalized tamoxifen dosing strategies, optimizing therapeutic outcomes while minimizing adverse effects.MS in Pharmaceutical Scienceshttps://acphs.on.worldcat.org/oclc/154721701
Clinical burden of Acinetobacter baumannii, including carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii, in hospitalized adult patients in the USA between 2018 and 2022.
No full textClick on the resource link to view the article (may not be free).Background: Epidemiological data for United States (US) hospitals regarding the burden of Acinetobacter baumannii and carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) are scarce; thus, this study aimed to describe the incidence of A. baumannii and CRAB across US hospitals between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2022.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients with microbiology data from the PINC AI™ Database. Incidence rates of A. baumannii and CRAB (January 1, 2018 - December 31, 2022) were determined across US hospitals in each census region. Incidence rates of A. baumannii and CRAB were determined at the hospitalization encounter and individual levels. Presence of CRAB was based on non-susceptibility to either doripenem, imipenem, or meropenem. Patient demographics, comorbidities, outcomes, including in-hospital mortality, were compared between patients with CRAB and carbapenem-susceptible A. baumannii (CSAB) at the hospitalization encounter level.Results: During the study period, 7,270 hospitalization encounters with ≥ 1 A. baumannii clinical cultures were identified. The overall A. baumannii incidence rate was 1.19 cases per 100 hospitalization encounters and 1.33 cases per 100 unique patients. For CRAB, a total of 2,708 hospitalization encounters were identified, and incidence rate was 0.44 cases per 100 hospitalization encounters. The West South Central, East North Central, and East South Central regions had the highest CRAB incidence rates (0.78, 0.67, and 0.63 cases per 100 hospitalization encounters, respectively). Compared with CSAB, patients with CRAB had significantly more positive cultures with A. baumannii (20.9% vs. 10.0%, respectively, P < 0.0001) and higher prevalence of other Gram-negative pathogens in any clinical culture site within ± 3 days of the index A. baumannii clinical culture (47.2% vs. 42.9%, respectively, P = 0.0004). Patients with CRAB had higher incidences of in-hospital mortality vs. patients with CSAB (20.5% vs. 11.3%, respectively, P < 0.0001).Conclusions: Presence of A. baumannii was identified on a clinical culture in 1% of adult hospitalizations in this multicenter US study. Over a third of A. baumannii hospitalization encounters were CRAB, with the highest incidence rates per 100 hospitalization encounters observed in the most central US regions. Clinicians should consider A. baumannii as a potential pathogen in patients in regions with an increasing incidence rate of A. baumannii.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10749-1https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12004818
Stipulations of cell and gene therapy and the ties to biomanufacturing.
No full textClick on the resource link to view the article (may not be free).Cell and gene therapy (CGT) products are emerging and innovative biopharmaceuticals that hold promise for treating diseases that are otherwise beyond the scope of conventional medicines. The evolution of CGT from a research idea to a promising therapeutic product is due to the complementary advancements across various scientific disciplines. First, the innovations and advancements in gene editing and delivery technology have provided fundamental tools to manipulate genes and cells for therapeutic pursuits. Second, advancements in applied and translational research, including how clinical trials are designed, performed, evaluated, and analyzed, have transformed the technology into a potential therapeutic product. Third, advancements in scaling up the production of CGT products have been critical in delivering the product for preclinical studies, clinical trials, and approved treatments. In parallel, regulatory requirements have continuously evolved, with lessons learned from translational studies and biomanufacturing. These combined efforts have transformed CGT products from a promising concept into a reality with the potential to treat a wide range of diseases. However, continued R&D and regulatory oversight are crucial to further improve the safety, efficacy, and accessibility of CGT products.https://doi.org/10.1002/btpr.352
Time to complete oncology pharmacist tasks: A joint opinion of the Hematology/Oncology Pharmacy Association and American College of Clinical Pharmacy's Hematology/Oncology Practice and Research Network.
No full textClick on the resource link to view the article (may not be free).Purpose: The time to complete oncology pharmacist tasks is needed to determine workload and productivity. The Hematology/Oncology Pharmacy Association (HOPA) and the Hematology/Oncology Practice and Research Network (PRN) of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP) partnered with the aim of establishing consensus on the time required to complete oncology pharmacy tasks.
Methods: Fifteen patient care tasks and 9 non-patient care tasks, commonly completed by oncology pharmacists were each assigned an average amount of time to be completed. This list was then converted into 24 statements and the Delphi survey method was utilized with an expert panel to arrive at consensus between December 2023 and February 2024. Consensus was defined as at least 75% agreement. The complete manuscript was endorsed by HOPA and ACCP Hematology/Oncology PRN.
Results: Thirty-three pharmacist-experts agreed to participate in this survey with all participating in round 1, and 29 (87.9%) participating in round 2. In round 1, 9 tasks achieved consensus, with 7 of these being classified as patient care associated. Seven statements reaching 65% but less than 75% agreement were deemed to reach borderline consensus. Eight statements failed to achieve at least 65% agreement and were modified based on respondent feedback. In round 2, 15 statements were included with all achieving consensus. At the completion of round 2, all 24 statements reached consensus, and the survey was deemed complete.
Conclusion: This project produced the first comprehensive consensus statements for the average time for a US-based oncology pharmacist to complete common patient and non-patient care-related tasks.https://doi.org/10.1177/1078155225133025
The role of CXCL1 in crosstalk between endocrine resistant breast cancer and fibroblast.
No full textBackground: ER positive breast cancer is currently targeted using various endocrine therapies. Despite the proven therapeutic efficacy, resistance to the drug and reoccurrence of tumor appears to be a complication that many patients deal with. Molecular pathways underlying the development of resistance are being widely studied.
Methods and results: In this study, using four established endocrine resistant breast cancer (ERBC) cell lines, we characterized CXCL1 as a secreted factor in crosstalk between ERBC cells and fibroblasts. Protein array revealed upregulation of CXCL1 and we confirmed the CXCL1 expression by real-time qRT-PCR and U-Plex assay. Co-culturing ERBC cells with fibroblasts enhanced the cell growth and migration compared to monoculture. The crosstalk of ERBC cells with fibroblasts significantly activates ERK/MAPK signaling pathway while reparixin, CXCR1/2 receptor inhibitor, attenuates the activity. Reparixin displayed the ERBC cell growth inhibition and the combination treatment with reparixin and CDK4/6 inhibitor (palbociclib and ribociclib) increased these inhibitory effect.
Conclusions: Taken together, our study implicates CXCL1 as a critical role in ERBC growth and metastasis via crosstalk with fibroblast and cotargeting CXCR1/2 and CDK4/6 could potentially overcome endocrine resistant breast cancer.Grant FundedR15 CA271221/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States1R15CA271221-01A1/NH/NIH HHS/United Stateshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-023-09119-4http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc10891235
Healthcare Resource Utilization and Discharge Readiness in Adult Hospitalized Patients With Candidemia or Invasive Candidiasis Who Received an Echinocandin: An Analysis of United States Hospitals.
No full textBackground: Scant real-world outcomes data are available among hospitalized patients with candidemia (C) or invasive candidiasis without candidemia (IC) who were treated with an echinocandin and few have assessed if there is an opportunity to accelerate the transition of their care to the outpatient setting. This study described the outcomes associated with echinocandin therapy for C/IC and determined the proportion of patients on an echinocandin at hospital discharge (HD) who were potentially eligible for an earlier HD.
Methods: A retrospective, multicenter observational study was performed using the PINC AI Healthcare Database (January 2016-April 2019) of hospitalized adult patients with C/IC who received ≥3 days of an echinocandin. Outcomes included post-index culture hospital costs and discharge location. Patients were considered potentially dischargeable earlier than actual HD day if they met the following 3 criteria prior to their actual HD day: resided on a non-intensive care unit hospital ward until HD, received any oral medications, and had no diagnostic/therapeutic interventions.
Results: A total of 1865 patients met study criteria. Mean (standard deviation) post-index culture hospital costs for patients with C and IC were 50 196 (64 630) US dollars and 61 551 (73 080) US dollars, respectively. Of the 1008 patients on an echinocandin near HD and discharged alive, 432 (42.9%) were potentially dischargeable prior to their actual hospital day. Most patients (35.8%) were discharged to a long-term care facility.
Conclusions: The findings suggest that a high proportion of hospitalized C/IC patients receiving an echinocandin near the time of HD were potentially dischargeable earlier. Like all studies of this nature, the findings need to be prospectively validated.https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofad703http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc10783265
Response to comment on "International consensus recommendations for the use of prolonged-infusion β-lactams endorsed by the American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP), the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC), the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (CFF), the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID), the Infectious Diseases Society of American (IDSA), the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), and the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists".
No full textClick on the Resource Link to access the article (may not be free).https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.290
2024-2025 ACPHS Scholarship of Discovery Award Recipients
No full textThe College created the longstanding Scholarship of Discovery research grant program to invest in faculty who are conducting work that addresses important research questions, including scientific, clinical, historical, cultural, and literary pursuits.2024-2025 Awardees: Binshan Shi and Timothy LaRocc