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Randomized, Phase II Study of Selumetinib, an oral inhibitor of MEK, in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine chemotherapy for patients with advanced biliary tract cancer.
No full textIntroductionCisplatin and gemcitabine (CisGem) is standard chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC). The MEK inhibitor selumetinib showed synergy with gemcitabine when administered sequentially in BTC. This randomized phase 2 trial aimed to assess the efficacy of sequential or continuous selumetinib with CisGem.MethodsPatients with advanced BTC received CisGem; arm A included selumetinib every day, arm B: selumetinib, days 1-5, 8-19 each cycle. Arm C received CisGem alone. Selumetinib was dosed at 75mg BID but amended to 50mg BID due to toxicity. Results51 participants were evaluable for response. No significant difference was seen in mean change in tumor size at 10 weeks between Arm A and C (-7.8% vs -12.8%, p=0.54) or arm B and C (-15% vs -12.8%, p=0.78). There was no difference in median progression-free survival (6.0, 7.0, 6.3 months, p>0.95) or overall survival (11.7, 11.7, 12.8 months, p=0.70) for arms A, B and C, respectively. More participants experienced grade 3-4 toxicities in selumetinib-containing arms. More participants in arm A required chemotherapy dose reductions (p=0.01) with lower chemotherapy dose intensity during the first 10 weeks.ConclusionAdding sequential or continuous selumetinib to CisGem failed to improve efficacy and increased toxicity in patients with advanced BTC
Combining Topic Modeling with Grounded Theory: Case Studies of Project Collaboration
No full textThis paper proposes an Artificial Intelligence (AI) Grounded Theory for management studies. We argue that this novel and rigorous approach that embeds topic modelling will lead to the latent knowledge to be found. We illustrate this abductive method using 51 case studies of collaborative innovation published by Project Management Institute (PMI). Initial results are presented and discussed that include 40 topics, 6 categories, 4 of which are core categories, and two new theories of project collaboration
Understanding the Effect of Water Chemistry and Surface Grinding on the Stress Corrosion Cracking Initiation of Filler Metal 82
No full textStress corrosion cracking (SCC) initiation of specimens extracted from filler metal (FM) 82 weldments was investigated in high purity 288˚C water. Accelerated autoclave slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) tests were conducted at different electrochemical corrosion potentials (ECPs) by varying the water chemistry through adjusting the concentration of dissolved hydrogen and oxygen in the recirculating water. The effect of surface preparation was also investigated. Statistical characterization of SCC initiation results showed that the ground surfaces (using P600 grit) of FM 82 appeared to be more resistant to SCC initiation than the surfaces polished via oxide polishing suspension (OPS). The effect of ECP on the SCC initiation susceptibility is also discussed through statistical characterization of the observed IG cracks
Caries risk assessment related knowledge, attitude, and behaviors among Chinese dentists: A crosssectional survey
No full textObjectivesTo investigate caries risk assessment (CRA)-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices among dentists in China, to describe their subjective ratings of the significance of specific caries risk factors and to identify factors associated with the level of knowledge, attitudes, and use of CRA in routine clinical practice.Materials and MethodsA cross-sectional anonymous online questionnaire survey was performed. The questionnaire was distributed via WeChat (Tencent, Shenzhen, China) to practicing dentists between November 25 and December 25, 2021. For participant recruitment, we employed purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Data were collected using a specialized web-based survey tool (www.wjx.cn) and analyzed with descriptive statistics and regression analyses.ResultsA total of 826 valid questionnaires were collected. Only 292 (35.4%) respondents used CRA in routine practice, among whom a majority (243, 83.2%) did not use a specific CRA tool. The routine use of CRA was associated with the type of practicing office, attendance of caries-related lectures, the habit of reading caries-related literature, geographic location and the total knowledge score. The mean total knowledge score was 3.13 (score range: 0 to 6). Knowledge levels were related to several sociodemographic characteristics, including geographic location, the type of practicing office, attendance of caries-related lectures and the habit of reading caries-related literature. The risk factor deemed most important was “current oral hygiene”.ConclusionsCaries risk assessment has not widely entered clinical practice in China. The level of CRA-related knowledge among dentists was generally suboptimal
Making History Together: The UK’s National Health Service and the story of our lives since 1948
No full textOnly since the 2010s have historians become interested in dimensions of the UK’s National Health Service (NHS) histories beyond institutional, policy, and political narratives and the seventieth anniversary of the Service in 2018 gave additional impetus to work in this area. This paper argues for the need for a new interpretative framework for NHS histories that better reflects its multiple identities and social meanings. Drawing on a UK-wide programme of work it explores the processes of creating digital archive of NHS history using concepts and methodologies that foreground the institution’s social and dynamic nature and are underpinned by a commitment to inclusivity of perspectives and actors. It considers the challenges of working across academic, health, and heritage sectors and the need for historians to adapt to sharing power and agency when working alongside volunteers and interviewees. It concludes that the history produced through these ways of working is rich and insightful and has the potential to reshape historical practice and scholarship around NHS histories and beyond
Robust Formation Control for Networked Robotic Systems Using Negative Imaginary Dynamics
No full textThis paper proposes a consensus-based formation tracking scheme for multi-robot systems utilising the Negative Imaginary (NI) theory. The proposed scheme applies to a class of networked robotic systems that can be modelled as a group of single integrator agents with stable uncertainties connected via an undirected graph. NI/SNI property of networked agents facilitates the design of a distributed Strictly Negative Imaginary (SNI) controller to achieve the desired formation tracking. A new theoretical proof of asymptotic convergence of the formation tracking trajectories is derived based on the integral controllability of a networked SNI systems. The proposed scheme is an alternative to the conventional Lyapunov-based formation tracking schemes. It offers robustness to NI/SNI-type model uncertainties and fault-tolerance to a sudden loss of robots due to hardware/communication fault. The feasibility and usefulness of the proposed formation tracking scheme were validated by lab-based real-time hardware experiments involving miniature mobile robots