Politecnio die Bari - Catalogo di prodotti della Ricerca
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A value-driven system design framework for sustainable 6G networks
No full textThe global challenges of the 21st century, including climate change, the digital divide, social inequalities, and poverty, pose significant obstacles to sustainable development, as highlighted by the United Nations agenda. Its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) outline a vision for addressing these issues, necessitating innovative solutions powered by infrastructures such as 6G, a key driver of high-performance networking and societal progress. Achieving this dual objective requires a value-driven approach that extends beyond traditional communication network functionalities. In this context, Key Value Indicators (KVIs) emerge as essential metrics that capture intangible yet critical societal values, complementing traditional Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). However, the integration of ethical principles and social values into networking remains largely unexplored in the scientific literature and research communities. Building on these premises, this work introduces a system design framework that formalizes and evaluates KVIs alongside KPIs, leveraging Intent-Based Networking (IBN) to embed ethical and social dimensions into network services. To enable responsible resource-service provisioning, a bi-objective optimization problem is formulated, balancing network performance and societal value. The problem is solved using an exact ɛ-constraint method, ensuring optimal trade-offs between KPIs and KVIs. The results validate the effectiveness of the proposed service orchestration framework, demonstrating an improvement of up to 70% in the ethical and social value provided by the network compared to baseline solutions. This highlights the framework’s capability to integrate social and ethical considerations into the service allocation process while preserving competitive network performance
Optimal location of vertiports in urban areas: the case study of Bari (Italy)
No full textNew emerging mobility technologies are seen as an adequate solution in urban areas for reducing traffic congestion and emissions, as well as enhancing better connectivity and accessibility of significant zones in urban areas. For instance, recent advancements in Urban Air Mobility (UAM) have opened the possibility of improving transportation services, especially in zones that require higher accessibility or faster inter-city connections. In this context, the design and location of UAM ground infrastructures, namely vertiports, are perceived as one of the main aspects of this novel service. Thus, this work proposes a model based on the Maximum Coverage Location Problem (MCLP) for determining optimal locations for vertiports in urban areas for parcel delivery. The model aims at maximizing the demand coverage of each vertiport within a predefined service/distance range. As a case study, the urban area of the city of Bari was considered to evaluate the outcomes of the proposed model. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis has been carried out by constructing different scenarios associated to different demand attributes and number of vertiports. The obtained results highlight the importance of considering the main practical recommendations and aspects that influence vertiports' location and potential UAM demand growth in Bari
Determination of the strong coupling and its running from measurements of inclusive jet production
No full textThe value of the strong coupling αS is determined in a comprehensive analysis at next-to-next-to-leading order accuracy in quantum chromodynamics. The analysis uses double-differential cross section measurements from the CMS Collaboration at the CERN LHC of inclusive jet production in proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 2.76, 7, 8, and 13 TeV, combined with inclusive deep-inelastic data from HERA. The value αS(mZ)=0.1176−0.0016+0.0014 is obtained at the scale of the Z boson mass. By using the measurements in different intervals of jet transverse momentum, the running of αS is probed for energies between 100 and 1600 GeV
La transizione energetica nelle aree interne: le comunità dell’energia rinnovabile come dispositivi per dare impulso a nuove ecologie territoriali
No full textLa transizione energetica offre concrete opportunità per “risollevare” le aree interne, ma l’approccio che può garantire l’attivazione di nuove ecologie territoriali e la messa in atto di nuovi modi di abitare più democratici ed equi, si discosta da una visione improntata alla mera compensazione delle carenze di tali territori per mettere al centro gli elementi patrimoniali locali da valorizzare anche in chiave energetica e per promuovere forme multiattoriali e comunitarie di produzione energetica di cui le comunità dell’energia rinnovabile (CER) sono una rappresentazione. Le aree interne, caratterizzate da patrimoni territoriali largamente integri e da infrastrutture sociali fragili, rappresentano contesti territoriali dotati di grandi potenzialità dal punto di vista della produzione di energia da fonti energetiche rinnovabili (FER) da sviluppare in maniera coerente con la tutela e la riproducibilità del patrimonio territoriale, in modo che la produzione energetica locale abbracci il significato di territorializzazione dei cicli delle risorse e si configuri come servizio eco-territoriale dato dal patrimonio. L’analisi del caso studio dell’area interna dei Monti Reatini, articolata nelle tre dimensioni dell’associazione energetica, dello sviluppo locale trainato dalla comunità e della territorializzazione della transizione energetica, evidenzia il potenziale di trasformazione eco-territorialista del sistema energetico locale orientata
alla democratizzazione dell’energia e alla generazione di valore aggiunto territoriale e consente di individuare alcuni fattori abilitanti e disabilitanti per la costituzione di CER nelle aree interne
Enhancing ABP estimation through comprehensive PPG signal analysis and advanced loss function optimization
No full textThe estimation of arterial blood pressure (ABP) using photoplethysmography (PPG) signals has gained significant attention in recent years due to its non-invasive nature and potential for continuous monitoring. Deep learning (DL) techniques have emerged as promising tools for this task, by exploiting the complex relationship between PPG and ABP signals. This study investigates an inter-subject approach for ABP estimation from PPG signal using DL models. The focus of our approach is the design and evaluation of a novel loss function to enhance the accuracy and robustness of ABP estimation across different individuals. We propose the Peak Enhancing Loss Function (PELF) combining mean squared error (MSE) and physiological metrics, which effectively captures both the waveform similarity and clinical relevance of the predicted ABP signal by focusing on the systolic and diastolic points. Through extensive experimentation on different datasets, our results demonstrate that PELF improves the accuracy of ABP estimation compared to conventional ones. In conclusion, this work demonstrates the crucial role of loss function design in optimizing DL models for ABP estimation from PPG signals, advancing the state-of-the-art in non-invasive blood pressure (BP) monitoring. The insights gained contribute to enhancing the reliability and applicability of non-invasive BP monitoring systems in clinical practice
Atmospheric plasma enhances interlayer adhesion in high-performance 3D-printed polymers by modifying surface energy, morphology and chemical composition
No full text3D-printed components fabricated by processing high-performance polymers through Material Extrusion continue to face challenges with poor interlayer adhesion, resulting in reduced mechanical performance. In this study, the authors propose an innovative thermal-free method to enhance interlayer adhesion by integrating atmospheric plasma treatment directly into commercial 3D printers. Various features of plasma-treated surfaces were investigated, and optimal conditions for working distance and treatment time were experimentally determined. The mechanisms underlying the plasma-polymer interaction were characterized on multiple levels: i) surface energy, ii) surface morphology, and iii) surface chemical composition. The primary benefits observed for treated polycarbonate (PC) and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) included a significant increase in wettability (exceeding 60%), surface crystallization, and the introduction of new functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, and carbonyl groups. These key factors collectively resulted in a 30.7% improvement in Interlaminar Shear Strength (ILSS), demonstrating the potential of this approach to significantly enhance the mechanical properties of high-performance 3D-printed components. This study lays the foundation for broader adoption of plasma treatment in the fabrication of structurally demanding and high-performance polymer components
Online estimation of Lithium-ion battery equivalent circuit model parameters using decoupled recursive least squares with adaptive moving window forgetting factor
No full text
Investigating the Effectiveness of H-Bridge in Mitigating Switch Faults of a Single-Phase Five-Level Inverter
No full textThe use of multilevel inverters (MLIs) is increasingly popular due to their ability to operate at high power and reduce voltage stress on semiconductor switches compared to conventional inverters. However, the greater number of conducting semiconductor switches in MLIs, coupled with their higher failure rate, can weaken the inverter system. Five-level inverters provide an optimal balance by leveraging MLI benefits without significantly increasing semiconductor devices. This paper defines parameters to evaluate both quantitative and qualitative aspects of three recently proposed fault-tolerant MLI topologies. By scrutinizing these topologies, a generalized redundant leg architecture is proposed. This architecture is adaptable to any five-level MLI topology, whether it requires fault tolerance or already possesses it. The proposed solution, validated through comparative analysis and experiments, demonstrates superior fault tolerance with only one switch conducting from the redundant leg under faulty conditions, outperforming related works
Evaluating strategies for single to multi-risk mitigation in urban public open spaces: A behavioural simulation-based approach applied to Italian typological historical urban squares
No full textUrban squares are vulnerable Public Open Spaces in view of morphological, constructive and use features, and they are increasingly affected by the combination of multiple natural and anthropogenic risks. Meanwhile, mitigation strategies designed to face a single risk could also provide benefits from a multi-risk standpoint. This work develops and applies a behavioural simulation-based approach for single to multi-risk assessment and mitigation strategies effectiveness analysis Single to multi-risk scenarios comprising SLow-Onset (SLODs, i.e. increasing temperature, air pollution) and SUdden-Onset (SUODs, i.e. terrorist acts, earthquakes) Disasters are modelled by innovatively combining previously-validated agent-based models representing urban squares morphology and physical vulnerability, climatic features (for SLODs)/hazard probability (for SUODs), and users' exposure, vulnerability and behaviours. Furthermore, novel single and multi-risk metrics are developed to compare scenarios before and after the implementation of selected mitigation strategies, considering the application to Italian typological configurations of historic urban squares. Results demonstrate that the most reliable strategies involve the implementation of greeneries (i.e. trees, fixed/mobile barriers integrated with greeneries). They contribute to single risk reduction ranging from 10 % (i.e. for heatwaves, reducing outdoor temperatures of about 3 °C) to 27 % (e.g. for terrorist acts, reducing casualties-related indicators up to about 60 % thanks to evacuation support and protection from attackers). They also provide multi-risk reduction up to 10 %. This work hence offers decision-makers robust multi-risk mitigation workflow, and a preliminary inventory of mitigation strategies, tested for typological Italian historic urban squares, which could be additionally tailored considering specific features of real-world urban squares