Politecnio die Bari - Catalogo di prodotti della Ricerca
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Geostatistical methods of map preparation on the example of temperature distribution in Africa
No full textThe main aim of the study was to compare the different geostatistical methods used to map the spatial distribution of temperature and to select the optimal method using the example of maximum temperatures in Africa. An exploratory data analysis was carried out, including statistical tests, distribution verification, and identification of outliers. Maps were produced in ArcGIS Pro using deterministic (IDW, LPI) and stochastic (Kriging Ordinary, Kriging Simple, Kriging Universal, EBK) methods with different parameters. Validation was then carried out using the GIS Data Modelling Validator software, analysing the interpolation error parameters. The validation made it possible to compare the different methods and select the most effective one. Prediction, probability and error maps were developed for the selected method. The analysis carried out showed that the appropriate selection of the interpolation method is crucial for the accuracy and usability of the resulting maps. Several key research questions were posed to identify the optimal geostatistical method for spatial mapping of temperature distribution, using data from Africa as a case study. The effectiveness of various methods in this process was investigated, along with the parameters during the data modelling phase that have the greatest impact on the accuracy of temperature predictions. Additionally, an attempt was made to determine to what extent the presence of outliers influences interpolation results. A critical issue was also to establish which method provides the highest predictability and concordance with actual temperature measurements
A Novel Versatile Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Grating
No full textProgrammable photonics is expected to become a cornerstone of modern photonic systems. This manuscript presents a novel programmable optical device named Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Grating (EEPROG). The device consists of a programmable grating enabling several functionalities. The device is made of a Si3N4 waveguide and a thin layer of phase-change materials (PCM), specifically Sb2S3, as the programmable part of the waveguided structure. The electrically induced phase change of the PCM, applied by means of a graphene-based microheater, leads to a local variation of the effective refractive index of the waveguide. By controlling a series of graphene-based microheaters, we demonstrate that it is possible to induce periodic or nonperiodic perturbations of the effective refractive index of the device waveguide along the direction of propagation, thus inducing specific programmable operations of the structure. For the first time to our knowledge, a non-volatile programmable grating is shown, with the possibility of individually programming each segment of the grating, to induce both periodic and non-periodic grating, thus enabling several applications. In the manuscript, optical and thermal simulations of the device are shown to demonstrate the feasibility of the device. The EEPROG represents a novel device, useful for several applications, ranging from filtering to neural networks, Optical Transfer Function Shaping and non-volatile programmable read-only memories
Surface rights in affordable and social housing: a logic-deductive approach for determining the fair redemption value
No full textL’edilizia economica e popolare costituisce un settore chiave per il perseguimento degli obiettivi delle politiche abitative italiane. L’assegnazione delle unità abitative avviene, in genere, mutuando l’istituto del diritto di superficie. Nel corso della durata della concessione, di frequente l’Ente concedente prevede la possibilità di riscatto della piena proprietà da parte del concessionario, a seguito del pagamento di un importo monetario. La Legge n. 448 del 23 dicembre 1998 definisce un criterio convenzionale per la determinazione del corrispettivo per la trasformazione del diritto di superficie in diritto di piena proprietà. Tuttavia, non di rado questo ammontare risulta totalmente avulso dal contesto mercantile di riferimento, generando fenomeni sperequativi per gli attori coinvolti (Pubblica Amministrazione e collettività interessate). Il presente lavoro mira a sviluppare e testare un approccio logico-deduttivo per la stima di un congruo valore di riscatto delle unità abitative concesse in diritto di superficie per un arco temporale determinato. Applicato a 106 città italiane, l’approccio metodologico proposto perviene alla determinazione, per ciascun ambito di studio, di un coefficiente moltiplicativo nella formula prevista dalla normativa che, contemperando le condizioni di mercato del contesto analizzato, garantisce un approccio equo e calibrato nel processo di stima del valore di riscatto. L’approccio metodologico messo a punto, implementato a diversi contesti territoriali, permette di avere contezza dei differenti coefficienti moltiplicativi, da traslare nella formula convenzionale definita dalla Legge n. 448/1998, a seconda della zona di interesse, in maniera da stimare il congruo corrispettivo da pagare per il riscatto di ciascuna abitazione.Affordable and social housing represents a key sector in the pursuit of the objectives of Italian housing policies. The allocation of housing units generally occurs through the application of the surface right institution. During the duration of the concession, the Public Administration (lessor) often provides for the possibility of redeeming full ownership by the leaseholder, upon payment of a monetary amount. The Italian Law No. 448 of 23 December 1998 defines a conventional criterion for determining the amount payable for the transformation of surface rights into full ownership. However, this amount is often entirely disconnected from the prevailing market context, giving rise to significant disparities between the Public Administrations and the involved communities. The present study aims to develop and test a logic-deductive approach for estimating the appropriate redemption value of housing units granted under surface rights for a fixed period. Applied to 106 Italian cities, the proposed methodological approach leads, for each study area, to the determination of a multiplicative coefficient to be used in the formula provided by the applicable regulation. This coefficient, by incorporating the market conditions of the analysed context, ensures a fair and calibrated approach in the estimation of the redemption value. The methodological approach, implemented across different territorial contexts, enables both public and private stakeholders to understand the various multiplicative coefficients to be incorporated into the conventional formula defined by Law No. 448/1998, according to the area of interest, in order to estimate the appropriate amount to be paid for the redemption of each housing unit
Replicator dynamics as the large population limit of a discrete moran process in the weak selection regime: A proof via eulerian specification
No full textWe study the large population limit of a multi-strategy discrete-time Moran process in the weak selection regime. We show that the replicator dynamics is interpreted as the large-population limit of the Moran process. This result is obtained by interpreting the discrete process in its Eulerian specification, proving a compactness result in the Wasserstein space of probability measures for the law of the proportions of strategies, and passing to the limit in the continuity equation that describes the evolution of the proportions
Sustainable Design Optimization of Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machines
No full textThe reduction of carbon emissions represents a key challenge when designing electrical machines for traction applications, since the environmental impact when producing the materials for electrical machines has to be taken into account. It follows that the trade-off between electromagnetic performance in terms of power or torque density, efficiency over the electric vehicle driving cycle, and CO2 emissions related to the machine material production needs to be identified using a systematic design procedure. This paper first proposes a fast design methodology for a permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance machine capable of predicting the machine's performance regardless of the operating condition. Then the method is embedded within a systematic design optimization routine targeting the maximization of both overload torque and driving cycle efficiency and the minimization of the equivalent CO2 necessary to produce the machine materials. The results are finally used to infer some design guidelines and to evaluate the effect of including the environmental aspect within the design optimization
The effect of digital technologies and staff skill sets on hospital resilience: The role of supply chain information integration
No full textIn recent years, crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic have challenged hospitals, critical pillars of healthcare systems, revealing significant variations in their ability to respond effectively. Hospital resilience addresses the urgent need to understand how to enhance hospitals' capacity to respond effectively to crises. While numerous factors have been identified as critical to hospital resilience, they are often studied in isolation, overlooking the synergistic effects among them and lacking robust empirical validation. Grounded in the Resource-Based View, this paper investigates how key resources, namely digital technologies and staff skills, along with the capability of supply chain information integration (SCII), influence hospital resilience. Drawing on survey data from 130 Italian hospitals, the study examines the direct impact of these resources and capabilities on hospital resilience, as well as the mediating role of supply chain information integration, using structural equation modelling. The results reveal that digital technologies and external information integration capability directly affects hospital resilience. Moreover, the study underscores the importance of leveraging digital technologies and enhancing staff skills to foster supply chain information integration, which in turn mediates the relationship between these resources and hospital resilience. This research contributes significantly to theoretical and practical insights in hospital management and resilience strategies. The proposed theoretical framework enhances our understanding of hospital resilience dynamics by elucidating the direct influence of resources and capabilities, while also highlighting the mediating effect of supply chain information integration. These findings offer actionable insights for hospital managers to optimize resource allocation and capabilities amidst uncertainties, thereby fortifying hospital resilience
Balancing ventilation and sound insulation in windows by means of metamaterials: A review of the state of the art
No full textIn buildings, natural ventilation plays a major role in ensuring satisfactory indoor air quality levels, but increased noise levels due to urban noise may become an unwanted side effect. Hence, optimizing at the same time both noise reduction and ventilation represents a challenge in the sustainable design of innovative windows. A comprehensive understanding of the current state of the art, the design criteria most frequently used, and the correlations existing between the acoustic and ventilation performances is an essential step towards the development of window solutions for an efficient building envelope. Among the possible solutions, metamaterials offer new opportunities and customized solutions to solve this issue. This review aims to provide an accessible and updated overview of the criteria to adopt when developing efficient windows, focusing on metamaterial applications for designing innovative components able to promote effective ventilation simultaneously with sound attenuation. A total of 56 studies were reviewed to identify current research trends to address sound insulation and ventilation in windows using conventional approaches and metamaterials. The main streams of current research, the knowledge gaps, and the areas still to be explored are finally highlighted
SynthTRIPs: A Knowledge-Grounded Framework for Benchmark Query Generation for Personalized Tourism Recommenders
No full textTourism Recommender Systems (TRS) are crucial in personalizing travel experiences by tailoring recommendations to users’ preferences, constraints, and contextual factors. However, publicly available travel datasets often lack sufficient breadth and depth, limiting their ability to support advanced personalization strategies - particularly for sustainable travel and off-peak tourism. In this work, we explore using Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate synthetic travel queries that emulate diverse user personas and incorporate structured filters such as budget constraints and sustainability preferences. This paper introduces a novel SynthTRIPs framework for generating synthetic travel queries using LLMs grounded in a curated knowledge base (KB). Our approach combines persona-based preferences (e.g., budget, travel style) with explicit sustainability filters (e.g., walkability, air quality) to produce realistic and diverse queries. We mitigate hallucination and ensure factual correctness by grounding the LLM responses in the KB. We formalize the query generation process and introduce evaluation metrics for assessing realism and alignment. Both human expert evaluations and automatic LLM-based assessments demonstrate the effectiveness of our synthetic dataset in capturing complex personalization aspects underrepresented in existing datasets. While our framework was developed and tested for personalized city trip recommendations, the methodology applies to other recommender system domains. Code and dataset are made public at https://bit.ly/synthTRIP