Politecnio die Bari - Catalogo di prodotti della Ricerca
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Innovation in traditional materials: greening through ancient technologies in buildings
No full textThe chapter aims to provide awareness on the advantages of proper management of masonry constructions in view of sustainability and environmental impact. Indeed, their conservation and re-use allow to reduce CO2 emissions, waste and raw materials consumption. The focus will be on the assessment of their mechanical properties and structural response for maintenance purposes. These issues are discussed by highlighting applications fields, advantages and limits of the experimental tests with very low or no-impact on structures. Moreover, different possible masonry typologies and the historic and/or monumental value of the examined structures are considered
A maturity model enhancing data-driven circular manufacturing
No full textCircular Manufacturing (CM) adoption is highly reinforced by data exploitation, gathered, used and shared thanks to specific technologies. Manufacturers still need to be supported in using data to make more informed decisions in CM; to do that, they first need to be conscious of their current state. To achieve this goal, this study aims to develop a maturity model (MM) to evaluate manufacturers exploiting and valuing data in CM to support their decision-making processes. The MM, based on five levels and four analysis dimensions, operates the assessment through a questionnaire composed of normative answers. The model was conceived by relying on the scientific literature. It was verified and improved through focus groups and interviews and validated through a pilot application in two different manufacturing companies. Finally, the MM was applied in two other manufacturing companies to assess the empirical evidence of the obtainable benefits
Lo spazio tra le convessità. L'ansambl' architettonico
No full textIl tema oggetto di questo studio riguarda le modalità compositive dell’ansambl’, termine con il quale, in ambito architettonico, si suole indicare il raggruppamento, o insieme, di un certo numero di edifici, individuabili come distinte unità volumetriche, tenuti assieme da una precisa procedura compositiva che ne governa la disposizione e la reciproca relazione di prossimità.
Il fenomeno dell’ansambl’ è stato indagato alla stregua di un tipo urbano, osservandolo cioè come un modo dell’ordine con cui organizzare più tipi architettonici.
La chiave di lettura sul fenomeno dell’ansambl’ è stata incardinata sul riferimento, abbastanza diretto, allo schema iconografico della “natura morta”, ovvero la contrapposizione di volumi autonomi. Da qui il riferimento, lungo la trattazione, alle opere di Giorgio Morandi, oltre ad alcune aperture verso il cinema, il teatro, e la fotografia, in particolar modo sulla teoria dell’“arte della messa in scena” di Sergej Ejzenštejn.
Il paragone tra ansambl’ e natura morta apre alla corrispondenza in architettura dello stesso tema compositivo negli esempi certi della storia e della modernità, spaziando dall’Acropoli di Atene al Campo dei Miracoli di Pisa, fino ad alcune esperienze del Moderno come il Palácio do Congresso Nacional di Brasilia di Oscar Niemeyer, o ancora il progetto di Ivan Il’ič Leonidov per la Sede del Commissariato del Popolo per l’Industria Pesante, pensato nel 1934 per il ridisegno dell’area urbana attorno alla Piazza Rossa di Mosca.
Ne consegue un’indagine approfondita sui procedimenti compositivi che governano i casi-studio, ai quali la tesi dedica un’ampia sezione di ridisegni analitici, sondando diversi codici di rappresentazione grafica, dall’architectural generic form derivata dagli studi formali di Peter Einseman, al rapporto figura-sfondo di matrice gestaltica.The subject of this study concerns the compositional methods of the ansambl’. The term, in the architectural sphere, indicates the grouping of a certain number of buildings, identifiable as distinct volumetric units, held together by a precise compositional procedure that governs their arrangement and reciprocal proximity.
The phenomenon of ansambl’ has been investigated in the same way as an urban type, that is, observing it as a mode of order with which to organise several architectural types.
The key to understanding the phenomenon of the ansambl’ was referred to the iconographic scheme of the “still life”, i.e. the juxtaposition of autonomous volumes. Hence the reference, throughout the discussion, to the works of Giorgio Morandi, as well as some openings towards cinema, theatre, and photography, especially Sergei Ejzenštejn’s theory of the “art of montage”.
The comparison between ansambl’ and “still life” opens up to the correspondence in architecture of the same compositional theme in the certain examples of history and modernity, ranging from the Acropolis in Athens to the Campo dei Miracoli in Pisa, up to certain experiences of the Modern such as Oscar Niemeyer’s Palácio do Congresso Nacional in Brasilia, or even Ivan Il’ič Leonidov’s project for the Headquarters of the People’s Commissariat for Heavy Industry, conceived in 1934 for the redesign of the urban area around Moscow’s Red Square.
The result is an in-depth investigation into the compositional procedures governing the case studies, to which the thesis dedicates an extensive section of analytical redesigns. The drawings search for different codes of graphic representation, from the architectural generic form derived from Peter Einseman’s formal studies, to the figure-ground relationship of Gestalt matrix
Enhancing MRP Adoption in SMEs: A Python-Based Algorithmic Approach
No full textImplementing Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and Material Requirements Planning (MRP) systems enables companies to gain a competitive advantage in current dynamic and uncertain markets. Although implementing these systems offers several benefits, it encounters major barriers, especially in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). They constitute a significant share of the industrial sector globally but often face challenges such as limited access to finance, technology, and markets, which can hinder their growth and sustainability. Addressing these barriers is vital for leveraging the full potential of SMEs and fostering a more dynamic and resilient global economy. In this context, adopting Python-based solutions could be a promising solution. Python’s open-source nature indeed empowers users with unrestricted application development, distribution, and commercialization. This flexibility fosters platform-independent development and eliminates vendor lock-in. Furthermore, its clear syntax, powerful interpreter, and extensibility enable efficient and versatile programming across various paradigms, making it a very useful language for resource-limited contexts such as SMEs. To this concern, the objective of the present work was to investigate the benefits offered by implementing a Python-based algorithm to facilitate the adoption of an MRP system in SMEs. To this end, a Python algorithm has been developed based on a sequence of four logical steps: exploding, netting, lot sizing, and offsetting, and was numerically applied. The results obtained provided a clear perspective on the usefulness of Python and the benefits derived from its use due to its ease of use, flexibility, and reduced costs
Digital Transformation in Construction: Cutting-Edge Strategies in Building Materials Supply Chains
No full textOn the dynamic JKR adhesion problem
No full textShui et al. (2020) have recently shown that applying high-frequency vibrations, we can increase the mean adhesion between viscoelastic solids. This is due to the fact that oscillating contact area leads to an effect of increased apparent surface energy during the retraction phase which can be described by the well known empirical Gent and Schultz law (GS). However, Shui et al solution surprisingly appears not to depend on GS constants, which would imply perhaps no amplification. Yi et al. (2024) have made similar experiments, and proposed a simpler fitting model, which seems to work however with widely different GS constant when changing the sphere radius. Here, we solve the JKR dynamic adhesion problem for a sphere oscillating on a substrate by imposing an harmonic oscillation of the contact area, which permits to obtain a very simple solution by simply averaging the resulting cycle of indentation. We find that the solution is close to a JKR form for the mean indentation vs mean force, which we find in a simple approximation. Although there is saturation in the amplification when the contact radius shrinks to zero and the problem becomes that of impacts at large amplitudes of vibrations, experiments show that other saturations occurs first, presently unclear. We discuss also the influence of resonances. We find reasonable agreement with experiments conducted on PDMS
5G-QoERA: An Integrated Dataset for QoE Assessment in 5G NR Based on User Mobility, Radio Map, Scheduling Decisions, and Application Details
No full textToday, an unprecedented number of researchers and companies are interested in exploring advanced and optimized protocols and algorithms making the 5G New Radio technology (and of course its evolutions) able to support different services under heterogeneous scenarios. In most cases, their studies leverage computer simulations and simple datasets describing isolated functionalities of the overall complex mobile communication system. Accordingly, despite all these valuable and available tools, there remains a lack of comprehensive, high-quality datasets that can support in-depth analysis, modeling, and testing of the 5G New Radio in real-world deployments. To bridge this gap, this paper presents a 5G dataset for Quality of Experience assessment in the new RAdio (5G-QoERA). Focusing the attention on a video streaming use case, the goal of the dataset is to indicate the level of quality experienced by mobile end users in terms of Mean Opinion Score, while jointly considering several influencing aspects such as real user mobility traces, real-world base station deployments and related radio map environments, variable scheduling decisions, and application-level details. After detailing the generation process of the dataset, a preliminary analysis of its features is conducted to underline the possible research activities that can take advantage of its usage
Characterisation, remediation and valorisation of contaminated sediments: a critical review
No full textThe constraints associated with the availability of huge amounts of natural resources for infrastructure and agricultural development call for the reuse and recycling of anthropogenically created geomaterials, which is in line with the UN Sustainable Development Goals. In this context, valorisation of dredged sediments (DSs), obtained from water bodies such as rivers, lakes and oceans, as a resource material is worth considering. Unfortunately, DSs might be contaminated and exhibit a higher moisture-holding capacity due to higher contents of organic matter and clay minerals/colloids. These attributes pose a serious question towards dumping of DSs in the deep sea (in the case of marine sediments), a practice that prevails presently despite endangering marine life. Hence, the way forward would be to characterise them holistically, followed by adequate treatment to make them ecologically synergetic before developing a strategy for their valorisation. In this regard, many studies have been focused on the characterisation and treatment of DSs to make them an environmentally safe man-made resource. With this in mind, a critical synthesis of the published literature pertaining to the (a) characterisation; (b) treatment, remediation and immobilisation of contaminants; and (c) utilisation of DS was conducted, and the salient findings are presented in this paper. Based on this study, it was observed that DS acts as a sink for emerging contaminants for which no remediation strategies are available. Moreover, the study emphasised the lacuna in upscaling the existing treatment and stabilisation techniques to field conditions while highlighting the concept of circular economy
Development and validation of a machine learning prognostic model based on an epigenomic signature in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
No full textBackground. In Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC), current prognostic scores are unable to fully capture the biological heterogeneity of the disease. While some approaches investigating the role of multi-omics in PDAC are emerging, the analysis of methylation data is under exploited.
Materials and Methods. We analyzed CpG sites from two publicly available datasets, the TCGA-PAAD used as discovery set and the CPTAC-PDA as external test set. Single mutations and co-mutation of KRAS and TP53 genes were identified as targets, and differentially methylated CpG sites (DMC) were detected accordingly. We trained and validated Random Forest (RF) models to predict each target. Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUROC) and Area Under the Precision-Recall curve (AUPRC) were used as performance metrics. Then, we performed consensus clustering from the DMCs to identify novel patients’ profiles. Finally, we trained and validated a combination of eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) and tree models to select an epigenomic prognostic determinant.
Results. From 598 DMCs extracted, an RF model predicted KRAS and TP53 co-mutation on the external test set with AUROC of 0.77 and AUPRC of 0.87. The consensus clustering allowed us to identify 4 clusters (C1, C2, C3, and C4) of patients. The C4 cluster captured a subgroup of patients with favorable Overall Survival (OS) with respect to others. The XGB model perfectly predicted C4 vs other clusters on the discovery set. In both cohorts, patients were stratified into two risk groups according to methylation levels of cg16854533, individuated as the most important CpG site.
Conclusion. We analyzed methylation data to develop a classifier for the TP53 and KRAS mutational status. Four prognostic clusters were pointed out and a prognostic model using a CpG site was validated in an independent cohort. Our results evidence that the proposed use of methylation data facilitates risk stratification for PDAC