Politecnio die Bari - Catalogo di prodotti della Ricerca
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Exploring the influence of workers age on performance and user experience in industrial virtual reality training environments
No full textTechnological advancements are profoundly reshaping industrial environments, particularly by introducing paradigms such as Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0, prioritizing increased productivity alongside worker well-being improvements. Concurrently, the European Union reports a fast-aging population, reflected in the industrial workforce. Consequently, assessing the impact of emerging technologies across different age groups is crucial. This study employed an Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) system to simulate a high-risk industrial scenario for training workers on safety and operational procedures. Fifty participants were divided into three age groups: young ranging from 19 to 33 years old, middle-aged ranging from 34 to 48 years old, and older ranging from 49 to 63 years old. The IVR system recorded execution times and errors, while subjective measures were collected using the User Experience Questionnaire, System Usability Scale, and Virtual Reality Sickness Questionnaire (VRSQ). The results show that younger participants committed significantly more errors but completed tasks faster, although this difference was not statistically significant. Self-assessment scores revealed no significant increase in VRSQ values across groups, while younger participants rated the system’s hedonic quality significantly higher than the older group. System usability was rated substantially higher than the minimum acceptable threshold, with younger participants providing significantly better evaluations compared to older ones. This study highlights the importance of a human-centered design in IVR systems, complying with age-related needs to enhance usability. This approach ensures IVR technology in industrial training achieves optimal efficiency and effectiveness across diverse workforce demographics
Performance and Security Evaluation of Virtual Islands as a Service for Active Distribution Networks
No full textThis article presents and discusses the role of the Virtual Islanding (VI) control strategy in decentralizing flexibility services for distribution networks (DNs). VI services are provided by Renewable Energy Communities (RECs) through a suitable coordination of available local flexible resources. The impact of the proposed VI service is assessed by investigating its ability in mitigating security violations during DN operations. The VI service’s efficacy is tested considering the model of a realistically sized DN and developing a scenario of a high-RES penetration scenario, as foreseen by the Italian Energy Plan (PNIEC). The robustness of the approach was challenged applying a randomized association of flexible resources to the RECs. The aim is to prove that VI can substantially support DN operations, regardless the distribution of flexible resources among feeders and energy communities. To make a comparison with an ideal centralized control made by the Distribution System Operator, a Distribution Optimal Power Flow (OPF) formulation is also developed. The simulations are performed in a Python (v. 3.12.7)/OpenDSS (v. 9.6.1.1) open-source programming environment
Spectroscopic Study of Volatile Organic Compounds for the Assessment of Coffee Authenticity
No full textThis study aimed at defining the infrared spectral signatures of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of relevant interest for coffee bean authentication and quality control. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy was employed to acquire the mid-infrared absorption spectra of some representative coffee markers, namely Pyridine, 2-Methylpyrazine, 2,5-Dimethylpyrazine, Furfural, 5-Methylfurfural and Furfuryl Alcohol, with high resolution of 0.1 cm−1. Mixtures of these VOCs simulating their amount in coffee seeds were analyzed using multilinear regression. The achieved results demonstrate the potentiality of coffee fingerprinting by VOC’s signature in the absorption spectra for discriminating coffee origin
An anatomy of the urban island. Inquiry into Oswald Mathias Ungers' ideas of island and archipelago
No full textPer propria natura, le idee di Isola e Arcipelago in architettura vivono nell’ambiguità della metafora, tra le pieghe del mito e dell’immaginazione letteraria. Questa ricerca intende offrire una loro lettura attraverso lo studio delle forme, delle spazialità e dei paradigmi compositivi che definiscono i concetti di Stadtinsel e Stadtarchipel nella teoria e nella prassi dell’architetto tedesco Oswald Mathias Ungers.
La prima parte della tesi, intitolata “A Theory of the Urban Island", definisce una base teorica dell’idea di isola urbana, ricollegando storie e definizioni frammentarie. In essa si ripercorre l'evoluzione dell'insularità nei primi scritti teorici e nei progetti di Ungers. Il concetto di Großform viene esaminato criticamente attraverso il phamplet Grossformen im Wohnungsbau, che individua nell'idea di un'architettura autonoma e formalmente intensa la chiave dell'ordine urbano. Lo studio sottolinea che la scala da sola non definisce queste enclavi urbane, si tratta piuttosto di una questione di complessità spaziale e di autonomia formale. La seconda parte della tesi si concentra sull'evoluzione della concezione dello spazio di Ungers, ne traccia la genealogia e individua i principi spaziali chiave che informano il suo processo progettuale. Al centro di tutto ciò vi è la dualità di Raum und Körper (spazio e corpo), che viene esplorata attraverso la dialettica delle relazioni formali negative-positive. Nel frattempo, l'astrazione dello spazio fisico in Gedankliche Räume (spazi mentali) da parte di Ungers segna un passaggio verso una concezione più concettuale dello spazio. Attraverso la Raumentwurfslehre (teoria del progetto dello spazio), lo studio reimmagina la città arcipelagica, proponendo che gli spazi esterni possano influenzare la forma urbana. Il risultato è una comprensione della città arcipelagica come costellazione spaziale, in cui la struttura spaziale deriva dal contrasto, dall'isolamento e dal dialogo morfologico piuttosto che dalla continuità di forma e di spazi.
La seconda parte della tesi, "An Anatomy of the Urban Island" passa dalla teoria all'analisi progettuale, esaminando le strategie compositive e spaziali delle isole urbane. Esamina in che modo il modello della città-arcipelago influenzi la costruzione della forma urbana e degli spazi e classifica una selezione di casi studio in base alle tecniche compositive specifiche delle isole urbane. Insieme, questi progetti dimostrano come le posizioni teoriche possano essere trasformate in strategie progettuali, rafforzando l'isola urbana come risposta concettuale e formale alla frammentazione urbana, alla memoria e all'identità. Offrendo un’interpretazione della città arcipelago, che abbraccia scale, tipologie e logiche spaziali, la tesi intende porre l'isola urbana non come un rifugio dalla complessità, ma come un modello generativo per interagire con l'eterogeneità e la discontinuità della metropoli contemporanea.By their very nature, the concepts of islands and archipelagos in architecture exist within the ambiguous realm of metaphor, intertwined with myth and literary imagination. This research aims to interpret them by studying the forms, spatialities and compositional paradigms that define Stadtinsel and Stadtarchipel in the theory and practice of the German architect Oswald Mathias Ungers.
The first part of the thesis, 'A Theory of the Urban Island', provides a theoretical basis for the urban island by reconnecting fragmented histories and definitions. It traces the evolution of insularity in Ungers's early theoretical writings and projects. The concept of Großform (large-scale urban form) is critically examined through the lens of Ungers' treatise Grossformen im Wohnungsbau, which locates the idea of autonomous, formally intense architecture as being key to urban order. The study emphasises that scale alone does not define these urban enclaves. Rather, it is a matter of spatial complexity and formal autonomy. The second part of the thesis focuses on Ungers' evolving conception of space, tracing its genealogy and identifying the key spatial principles that inform his design process. Central to this is the duality of Raum und Körper (space and body), which is explored through the dialectic of negative–positive form relationships. Meanwhile, Ungers' abstraction of physical space into Gedankliche Räume (mental spaces) marks a shift towards a more conceptualised understanding of space. The study reimagines the archipelago city through the lens of Raumentwurfslehre (spatial design theory), proposing that external spaces can influence urban form. The result is an understanding of the archipelago city as a Raumkonstellation (spatial constellation), where spatial structure is derived from contrast, isolation and morphological dialogue rather than continuity.
The second part of the thesis, 'An Anatomy of the Urban Island', shifts from theory to design analysis, examining the compositional and spatial strategies of urban islands. It examines how the city-archipelago model alters the construction of urban form and the spaces, and categorises selected case studies based on the compositional techniques unique to urban islands. Together, these projects demonstrate how theoretical positions can be transformed into design strategies, reinforcing the urban island as a conceptual and formal response to urban fragmentation, memory and identity. By offering a comprehensive anatomy of the archipelago city — spanning scales, typologies, and spatial logics — the thesis ultimately posits the urban island not as a retreat from complexity, but as a generative model for engaging with the heterogeneity and discontinuity of the contemporary metropolis
Efficiency of the Thermoacoustic Engine Induced by Stack Position, Pipe Aspect Ratio and Working Fluid
No full textThis study investigates the performance of thermoacoustic engines by examining the influence of stack position, resonator length, and working fluid on energy conversion efficiency. Numerical simulations reveal that placing the stack at an intermediate location (e.g., 60 mm in a 350 mm resonator) maximises efficiency by promoting stable, single-mode harmonic oscillations and minimising boundary layer interference. Deviations from this optimal position (e.g., 30 mm or 90 mm) induce secondary harmonics, reducing efficiency. Doubling the resonator length while maintaining proportional stack scaling preserves performance, indicating aspect ratio is not a limiting factor. Simulations with helium, as opposed to air, yield a tripled resonance frequency (∼ (Formula presented.)) and significantly higher efficiency (∼ (Formula presented.)), due to helium’s superior thermal and acoustic properties. These results provide quantitative guidelines for optimising thermoacoustic engine design for sustainable energy applications
Vitalità dell’azione sociale e istituzioni di governo del territorio
No full textIl contributo si interroga su come affrontare il problema della sproporzione fra vitalità dell’azione sociale e politiche istituzionali, che preoccupa Magnaghi perché rende difficile l'affermazione di pratiche di democrazia dei luoghi e di autogoverno comunitario. Osservando le istituzioni da una prospettiva cognitivo-normativa piuttosto che giuridico-amministrativa, esse appaiono come aggregati sociali che, per quanto caratterizzati da stabilità e qualche livello di prevedibilità, sono anche dotati di capacità di innovazione, sperimentazione, apprendimento. Il contributo si concentra, quindi, sugli strumenti pattizi come concepiti nei contributi scientifici e nel lavoro ‘sul campo’ di Magnaghi, rilevandone la capacità di promuovere interazioni fra soggetti diversi e di favorire il consolidamento e la diffusione di pratiche innovative, innescando (eventualmente) anche processi istituenti
High-Resolution On-Chip Digitally Tunable Spectrometer Based on Double-Cascaded Ring Resonators
No full textFast and accurate detection and analysis of light spectrum emerge as an important tool in several scientific fields and applications, hence demanding the design of precise, reliable, and fast instruments. In this article, an integrated spectrometer is presented based on two cascaded ring resonators covered with a phase change material. The Vernier architecture is implemented by these segments of phase change materials, allowing for a digital scan of wavelengths. Resolution smaller than 0.1 nm can be achieved, together with a footprint of ≈0.03 mm2 and a bandwidth of the order of tens of nanometers
7 incontri per parlare non solo di Sante Simone
No full textLe celebrazioni del Bicentenario della nascita dell’architetto Sante Simone hanno previsto un ciclo di confe-renze che hanno indagato la figura di Simone, architetto, restauratore e intellettuale del XIX secolo, protago-nista della cultura architettonica meridionale postunitaria. Il volume 7 Incontri per Sante Simone (1823-1894) ne raccoglie e riorganizza i contributi multidisciplinari che spaziano dai temi della storia e della teoria dell’ar-chitettura al restauro, dall’urbanistica alla rappresentazione, evidenziando il ruolo di Simone nella costruzione dell’identità artistica e patrimoniale pugliese. Emerge un ritratto complesso di tecnico e studioso, capace di coniugare rigore scientifico e sensibilità storica, tradizione e modernità. Il volume si configura come sintesi tra ricerca, divulgazione e valorizzazione del patrimonio, offrendo una lettura organica della cultura architettoni-ca ottocentesca del Mezzogiorno
