Spektra: Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya
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THE SIMULATION AND DATA ANALYSIS OF TEMPERATURE SENSOR
No full textThe study have successfully simulated 40 units data of temperature sensor during heating process and cooling process. Simulated data in temperature sensor has interval time 3 to 18 seconds for 5 iterations that are combined with other 7 data temperature sensor until get 40 data iterations. The data which has been simulated and then plotted into a graph with the x-axis is time and y-axis is average heating process or cooling process. The graph formmed cupped-down with quadratic function for heating process and cupped-up for cooling process
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF ELECTRIC FORCE DISTRIBUTION ON TUMOR MASS IN DC ELECTRIC FIELD EXPOSURE
Full text linkResearchers have used electric fields as a new therapeutic strategy to treat cancer for the past 15 years. Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) is an alternating electric field-based cancer therapy approved by the US FDA to treat glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). ECCT (Electro-Capacitive Cancer therapy), a DC charged-discharged electric field (EF) cancer therapy, also shows a performance inhibiting cell proliferation. ECCT affects the cancer lesions to cause simultaneous death of the cancer cell and detached off of the surrounding tissue. The author hypothesizes that the EF produces an electric force that is not homogeneous throughout the tumor mass and generates a strong dielectrophoresis force. The force affects microtubules polymerization during mitosis and causes mitotic arrest. To examine this hypothesis, we performed a numerical simulation of the EF distribution and calculated the force acting on the tumor mass generated by the EF. We analyzed DC electric field exposure on a cancer lesion using a single lesion 2D circular model, calculated the EF intensity on the lesion using the Finite Element Method, and the dielectrophoresis force distribution to quantify the treatment efficacy. The results showed that the distribution of EF intensity was not homogeneous at the lesion-medium boundary and homogeneous within the lesion. The EF intensity is highly dependent on the dielectric constant of the medium and the applied voltage difference that may affect the effectiveness of the treatment. Variations in lesion diameter had no significant effect on the EF intensity distribution and, hence the effectiveness of the therapy. It is considered that EF exposure by ECCT generated strong force on the lesion-medium boundary that could cause detachment of the tumor mass from the surrounding tissue
LINEAR GENERATOR PROTOTYPE WITH VERTICAL CONFIGURATION OF SEA WAVE POWER PLANT
No full textThere are three types of potential energy sources in the sea: ocean wave energy, tidal energy, and ocean heat energy. Ocean wave energy is a source of considerable energy. Sea waves are an up and down movement of seawater where the energy of sea waves is generated through the effect of air pressure movement due to fluctuations in ocean wave movements. The Ocean Wave Power Plant can use ocean wave energy to convert it into electrical energy. A linear generator is a device that can convert the mechanical energy of linear motion into electrical energy. The application of the ocean wave energy conversion technology, a linear generator system is an electrical machine that functions to convert the mechanical energy of linear motion into electrical energy using the principle of electromagnetic induction. Wave Energy Converter (WEC) technology has been developed with various methods. From the various existing concepts and designs, in general, WEC technology can be classified into three main types, namely Attenuator (horizontal configuration), Point Absorber (linear configuration), Terminator (damping configuration)
THE DATA ACQUISITION ROLE ON STATIC TEST FOR VALIDATION OF RX320 ROCKET MOTOR DESIGN
Full text linkData Acquisition System has a significant role, especially in static testing of a rocket, determining whether a rocket is declared eligible to fly or not based on the static rocket test. Static testing of the RX320 rocket involves several numerical data instrumentation components, including the Yokogawa DL850 and the CDA900 Signal Conditioner, and the PT750 Pressure sensor. It has functions to accept the physical force that occurs, measure and record the value of the Pressure force in the RX 320 Rocket Chamber at the time Static test during burning time is performed. From the record value of the RX 320 chamber pressure, it can be stated that the RX 320 is suitable for the rocket flight test. The calculation results of the chamber pressure design and the results of measurement and recording of RX320 static test data indicate that the Pressure Chamber RX320 value is still within the safe limits of the RX320 Rocket motor tube material strength
INCREASING THE CALCIUM SILICATE HYDRATE AMOUNT IN REACTIVE POWDER CONCRETE USING MARBLE POWDER
Full text linkThis research aims to make ultra high strength Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) with marble powder as one of the components. The use of marble powder can increase Calcium Silicate Hydrate (CSH) and the strength of RPC. The research method used to achieve the objectives is experimental and divided into two steps. The first step is the characterization of a marble and micro silica powder mixture. Stoichiometry calculations are performed to determine the composition of the mixture. The test sample is made in the form of pellets consisting of a mixture of marble powder, micro silica, and water. The water content used is at 30% - 50%. Maintenance is carried out by immersion in water with the temperature of 20oC for 27 days and in steam at temperatures 200oC, 250oC, and 300oC with 2 atm pressure for 4 hours. Material characterization is carried out using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The second step in this research is the RPC compressive strength test. The test sample is made in the form of a cube measuring 50 x 50 x 50 mm. This cube is a mixture of water, cement, micro silica, marble powder, sand, and superplasticizer. Material composition is arranged based on the characterization of the sample pellet test, and maintenance of the sample cube test is carried out as in the sample pellet test
THE PARAMETER ANALYSIS OF CUBICAL STRUCTURED CADMIUM TELLURIDE (CdTe) SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS
Full text linkCadmium telluride (CdTe) semiconductor materials will be used to analyze the energy gap, lattice parameters, and error value of these cubical structured crystal materials. The data that we used to be analyzed is using data from the International Center for Diffraction Data (ICDD) that used the X-ray Diffraction (XRD) method. This research has been successfully analyzing energy gap, lattice parameters, and the error value of Cadmium telluride (CdTe) materials which have a cube-shaped crystal structure. The result of the gap energy analysis of Cadmium telluride (CdTe) with a cubical structure yields a value of 1.43 eV. The lattice parameters of Cadmium telluride (CdTe) with a cubical structure analyzed by the Cramer-Cohen method yields a value of a = b = c = 9.922 Å. The error value of Cadmium telluride (CdTe) with a cubical stcucture yields a value of 6.75 x 10-4 %
SPECTROSCOPIC AND RADIATIVE PROPERTIES OF SM3+ DOPED SODIUM-LEAD-ZINC-LITHIUM-BORATE GLASSES
Full text linkThe glasses with a composition of (65 - x) B2O3 – 5ZnO – 5Li2O – 15 Na2O – 10PbO – x Sm2O3 (x = 0.0; 0.05; 0.1; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0 and 4.0 mol.%) which has been prepared using the melt quenching technique (1100oC for 3 hour). The spectroscopic properties can be determined by investigating the absorption, excitation, and emission spectra of a glass sample. There are 14 centered absorption bands starting from 6H5/2. The excitation spectrum of the Sm3+ doped borate glasses was measured at the wavelength of 300-550 nm which is the strongest intensity (4F7/2 at 403 nm) used as the excitation wavelength to measure the glass emission spectrum. The emission peaks transition starts from 4G5/2. The Judd-Ofelt theory has been applied to the absorption spectrum of Sm3+ doped borate glass to estimate the intensity parameters (Ωλ, λ = 2, 4 and 6) which are then used to calculate the radiative properties. The energy of the optical bandgap is in the range 3.85-3.77 eV for direct transitions and 3.42 - 4.22 eV for indirect transitions. The decay times obtained were 3.42, 3.99, 3.98, 2.96, 1.67, 1.48 ms for 0.05 - 4.00 mol%. Using the CIE chromaticity diagram for borate glass it can be determined that the glass from this work has a high performance for use as an orange emitting material application