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Travelling exhibitions between past and present: Dialogue with the curator of A Designed Life
No full textFrom the point of view of both curators, architects and designers, the challenges presented by travelling exhibitions are as unique as they are complex. As such, this interview with Peggy Re wants to give voice to her insights, gained during her curatorial experience with the exhibition A Designed Life: Contemporary American Textiles, Wallpapers and Containers & Packaging, 1951-1954, not only toward the historical retrospective of three showcases organized by the U.S. Traveling Exhibition Service between 1951 and 1954, but also in consideration of today design practice. We will explore how, throughout its historical evolution, the design of travelling exhibitions has always intersected with issues related to identity, soft power, technology, manufacturing and the relationship with the public.https://mmdjournal.unibo.it/article/view/2295
Flexibility of Brain Networks May Curtail Cognitive Consequences of Poor Sleep
No full textPrevious research has shown that laboratory-controlled sleep deprivation leads to cognitive impairments, including low vigilance and deficits in working memory. However, the robustness of sleep effects on behavior and brain dynamics in naturalistic settings remains underexplored. In this study, we investigated the impact of naturalistic, unfettered variations in sleep on behavioral performance and brain network dynamics in 39 healthy adults. Using a dynamic networks approach combined with ordinal regression, we show a significant increase in flexibility, a measure of rapid reconfigurations within the brain modules, with decreasing sleep time, particularly in the fronto-parietal control network, during a psychomotor vigilance (PVT) and visual working memory (VWM) task. This change in network flexibility was not observed during the resting state. Critically, performance itself did not change as a function of sleep, providing preliminary evidence that brain networks may compensate for having a poor night's sleep by recruiting the necessary resources to complete the task. Additional analysis assessing the regularity of sleep indicates a wider change in flexibility during PVT for irregular sleepers in networks including the limbic system, ventral attention network, and somatomotor system. These results provide new insights into the neural and behavioral correlates of naturalistic sleep modulations.This research was supported by the U.S. Army DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory through mission funding (J.O.G., V.J.L.) and army educa-tional outreach program contract # W911SR-15-2- 0001 (K.B.).https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/hbm.7036
Sentiment Analysis of Nakba Oral Histories: A Critical Study of Large Language Models
No full textThis study explores the use of Large Language Models (LLMs), specifically ChatGPT, for sentiment analysis of Nakba oral histories, which document the experiences of Palestinian refugees. The study compares sentiment analysis results from full testimonies (average 2500 words) and their summarized versions (300 words). The findings reveal that summarization increased positive sentiment and decreased negative sentiment, suggesting that the process may highlight more hopeful themes while oversimplifying emotional complexities. The study highlights both the potential and limitations of using LLMs for analyzing sensitive, trauma-based narratives and calls for further research to improve sentiment analysis in such contexts.https://aclanthology.org/2025.nakbanlp-1.4
One-Stop-Shop for Modeling Optical Frequency Comb Generation
No full text26th International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications (ICEAA 2025), September 8-12, 2025, Palermo, ItalyThis paper presents a comprehensive study of optical frequency comb generation in a silicon nitride microresonator coupled to a silicon nitride waveguide. We provide a complete numerical framework combining mode solvers, coupledmode theory, and the Lugiato-Lefever equation to accurately model the system. Both numerical simulations and experimental measurements demonstrate the generation of a frequency comb with a 99.6 GHz free spectral range, characterized by a resonant linewidth (full width at half maximum) of 120 MHz, corresponding to a high quality factor of 1.6 million. Discrepancies between the calculated and experimental spectra are attributed to experimental limitations, such as photodetector noise and fabrication imperfections.This work has been supported in part by cooperative agreements with the National Center for Manufacturing Sciences 2022138-142232 and 2023200-142386, which are subcontracts from the US-DoD cooperative agreements HQ0034- 20-2-0007 and HQ0034-24-2-0001 respectively. The authors acknowledge useful discussions with J. P. Cahill, T. Mahmood, and W. Zhou of the Army Research Laboratory and G. Moille and K. Srinivasan of NIST and UMD-JQI.https://userpages.cs.umbc.edu/simsek/cps/2025_ICEAA_WRR.pd
Delta TFIDF: an Improved Feature Space for Text Analysis
No full textBag of words text classification techniques represent documents as a collection of words with associated counts. Machine learning algorithms, such as support vector machines, use these feature spaces to classify new documents using their similarity to a set of manually labeled documents. We describe an efficient way to weight these feature scores to improve classification accuracyhttps://ebiquity.umbc.edu/_file_directory_/papers/1467.pd
Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Xenoliths and Phreatomagmatic Deposits in Potrillo Volcanic Field, New Mexico, Determined from Portable Instruments: Applications to Surface Exploration of the Moon and Mars
No full textInstruments that yield information about the mineralogy and chemistry of surface materials will be part of future robotic and human exploration of the Moon and Mars. Accurate interpretation of such data can be informed by coordinated analyses of relevant materials in terrestrial analog terrains. We used a suite of portable instrumentation—visible-to-shortwave infrared (VSWIR) spectroscopy, thermal infrared (TIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray fluorescence—to conduct coordinated mineralogical, geochemical, and visual characterization of a suite of outcrops and loose rocks in Kilbourne Hole and Hunts Hole, New Mexico. A variety of textures, particle sizes, and petrogenetic origins were examined. Data were interpreted using spectral models, spectral library comparisons, and chemical calibration curves and compared to mineralogical information derived from X-ray diffraction. Insights and limitations for each technique are presented in terms of surface type; for example, both the VSWIR and TIR instruments exhibited limitations in discerning the full mineralogy of the fine-grained tuff beds. The diverse suite of xenoliths was apparent in TIR spectral images, and the dominant mineral component was identifiable through linear unmixing of TIR spectra. However, inaccuracies in mineral abundance were also observed, highlighting the need for use of more advanced analysis methods. Known lithological diversity was less apparent in VSWIR spectra, which were dominated by minor amounts of phyllosilicates within or coating the rocks. Finally, based on the dearth of mafic minerals and the abundance of quartz, we infer that the Kilbourne/Hunts tuff beds are dominated by fragments of country rock (“accidentals”) rather than juvenile magmatic materials.This work was supported by the RISE2 node of NASA’s Solar System Exploration Virtual Institute (SSERVI; PI: T. D. Glotch). The material is based upon work supported by NASA under award number 80GSFC21M0002. C.H., C.K., M.H., Z.M., S.S., and P.W. were supported in part by NASA under award number 80GSFC24M0006. The data presented in this paper can be found at doi:10.5281/zenodo.15603529 (A. D. Rogers 2025).https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/PSJ/ae03af/met
Advanced Metamaterials - a new journal for a rapidly growing discipline
No full textIt gives me great pleasure to announce the launch of a new Springer/Nature journal “Advanced Metamaterials.”For over a decade, we have seen the slow emergence of metamaterials, materials for the manipulation of electromagnetic radiation and acoustic waves as well as enhancing material mechanical properties. These unique materials are artificial materials, not found in nature. There unique properties arise from the materials’ unique organized structure and the way their constituent building block elements are arranged, rather than from the inherent characteristics of the materials themselves. These building block elements within the metamaterials are smaller than the wavelength of the radiation they interact with. Applications of metamaterials are starting to rapidly expand, particularly for materials and life science applications.https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44468-025-00002-
ADLIFT – Realtime Ultrasound Imaging Framework Using Novel SSL Algorithm in IoMT
No full textUltrasound imaging continues to play a critical role in prenatal diagnostics, but accurate interpretation remains hindered by limited labeled data, inconsistent pseudo label quality, and real-time processing constraints in Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) environments. Existing semi-supervised learning (SSL) frameworks fail to maintain reliable segmentation under these dynamic and resource-constrained conditions. This study proposes ADLIFT, a real-time SSL-based ultrasound processing framework designed to optimize diagnostic accuracy and computational efficiency. The approach integrates an Adaptive Dual-Layer Perception (ADLP) mechanism combining macro-level anatomical recognition with micro-level feature refinement, and a Dynamic Label Generation (DLG) module that iteratively improves pseudolabel reliability using confidence-driven feedback. Efficient Sparse Feature Extraction (ESFE) minimizes computational overhead by isolating high-activation regions, while the Temporal Contextualization Framework (TCF) ensures inter-frame consistency. Blockchain-enhanced edge computing supports secure and scalable IoMT deployment. Evaluations in HC18, FetalPlane18 and Kvasir-Segment datasets demonstrate precision of 93. 7%, decision stability of 92. 8%, interpretability index of 91. 5%, uncertainty handling efficiency of 89. 7%, trust reliability score of 95. 3%, and processing latency of 28.1 ms per frame.This research was funded by Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University and Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2026R346), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/1111265
May 2024 severe geomagnetic storm suppressed mid-latitude ionospheric E-region formation mechanism
No full textThe Ionospheric E-region is primarily formed during the day through the photoionization of molecular oxygen and molecular nitrogen. During the severe geomagnetic storm on May 2024, this paper reports that, over the mid-latitudes, this formation mechanism was significantly disrupted causing large-scale suppression of day-time E-region electron density (Ne). Merging radio occultation (RO) data from the COSMIC-2 mission, the Spire RO mission and the FengYun-3 satellites showed a 30% reduction in day-time E-region Ne over mid-latitudes. The Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamics – General Circulation Model (TIE-GCM) simulates this reduction albeit at a weaker magnitude. Model diagnostics show that the geomagnetic storm generated a lower thermospheric circulation that pushed air with low molecular oxygen density down into the E-region which lowered the production of Ne thereby reducing day-time Ne values. This suggests that a severe geomagnetic storm can suppress an important E-region formation mechanism.The work is supported by NASA’s Sun-Climate research project at GSFC (WBS 509496.02.03.01.17.04), by Living With a Star (LWS) program (WBS 936723.02.01.12.48), by NASA grant 80NSSC24K1114, by NASA grants 80NSSC20K1350 and 80NSSC20K0189, by a UMBC Strategic Awards for Research Transitions (START) grant, and by GESTAR-2 cooperative agreement with NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. The work is also supported partially by NASA Commercial Smallsat Data Acquisition (CSDA) programs.https://www.authorea.com/users/850238/articles/1323235-may-2024-severe-geomagnetic-storm-suppressed-mid-latitude-ionospheric-e-region-formation-mechanis
AI Risks
No full textHow to keep your kids healthy during the summer months, plus, potential for AI to be weaponized.https://video.mpt.tv/video/monday-june-30-2025-7dt32q