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Quantum Computing and the Future of Healthcare Internet of Things Security: Challenges and Opportunities
No full textIn recent years, quantum computing has made significant contributions to many emerging technologies. However, it also poses serious security challenges to these technologies, and one of them is Healthcare Internet of Things (HC-IoT) applications. The devices used in HC-IoT often have limited power, memory, and computational resources, making them especially vulnerable to various cyberattacks. Even a small security breach could cause serious problems, from general system failures to risks that directly affect patients’ diagnoses and treatment. To address this important issue, we review research from 2017 to 2025, examining both the strengths and weaknesses of the technology across various subdomains of the healthcare system. We begin by presenting a taxonomy of healthcare, along with a breakdown of different domains where this technology has been applied or holds potential for future use. This foundation helps establish the motivation and context for the study. Next, we discuss various security threats, considering both the pre-quantum and post-quantum computing eras. Then, we explore existing studies to see what progress has been made and what is still needed. Finally, we point out key security challenges that need more attention from the research community. Lastly, we provide a comparative analysis with existing review articles to address the question of why this article is needed in the presence of published reviews.This work was supported in part by the Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology under Grant 2023CX10X070; in part by the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Digital Twin under Grant 2022B1212010004; in part by the Guangzhou Basic Research Program under Grant SL2023A04J00930; and in part by the Shenzhen Holdfound Foundation Endowed Professorship. (Corresponding author: Zhanpeng Jin.)https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/1114653
Determinants of CMS HCC Risk Scores, Discharge to Community, and Preventable Readmissions in Home Healthcare: Policy and Practice Implications
No full textHome healthcare has become a vital component of the U.S. healthcare system, particularly for aging populations and individuals with disabilities. Yet, substantial disparities exist in patient outcomes and risk assessments, raising concerns about the equity and accuracy of performance metrics used by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). This dissertation investigates the determinants of three critical CMS metrics—Hierarchical Condition Category (HCC) risk scores, Discharge to Community (DTC) rates, and Potentially Preventable Readmissions (PPR)—to uncover how demographic, socioeconomic, and organizational factors shape home healthcare outcomes. The study integrates CMS data, U.S. Census Bureau demographics, and Home Health Compare datasets spanning from 2016 to 2024. Using interpretable machine learning models and statistical tests, the analysis identifies key predictors of risk and performance at the county level for both disabled and aged/dual-eligible Medicare beneficiaries. Random Forest, Decision Tree, and XGBoost models reveal that race (particularly African American population density), household income, unemployment rate, caregiver availability, and home health agency (HHA) density are significant predictors of higher HCC risk scores. Similarly, agency-level characteristics such as visit volume, Medicare spending per episode, and quality ratings are shown to strongly influence DTC and PPR outcomes, beyond clinical adherence alone. Further, the research evaluates post-pandemic trends, showing that HHAs continue to face systemic challenges including workforce shortages, increased hospital utilization, and declining functional outcomes, with statistically significant performance shifts detected using Mann-Whitney U tests and Cliff’s Delta. The findings have significant policy and practice implications. They highlight the need to refine CMS risk adjustment methodologies to account for structural and demographic disparities. The study also advocates for expanding insurance coverage, caregiver support, and targeted funding for HHAs in underserved communities. By offering a data-driven roadmap for improving equity, quality, and efficiency in home healthcare, this research contributes to the ongoing effort to reform Medicare policy and ensure better care for the nation’s most vulnerable populations
XRISM/Xtend Transient Search (XTS) detected an X-ray flare from a YSO candidate
No full textAuthors: K. Fukushima, K. Hayashi, Y. Kanemaru, S. Ogawa, T. Yoshida (JAXA), M. Audard (U. de Geneve), E. Behar (Technion), S. Inoue (Kyoto U.), Y. Ishihara (Chuo U.), T. Kohmura (TUS), Y. Maeda (JAXA), M. Mizumoto (UTEF), N. Nagashima (Chuo U.), M. Nobukawa (NUE), K. Pottschmidt (UMBC, NASA GSFC, CRESST), M. Shidatsu (Ehime U.), H. Sugai (Chuo U.), Y. Terada (Saitama U.), Y. Terashima (Ehime U.), Y. Tsuboi (Chuo U.), H. Uchida (Kyoto U.), T. Yanagi (Chuo U.), T. Yoneyama (Chuo U.), M. Yoshimoto (Osaka U.)XRISM/Xtend Transient Search (XTS) detected an X-ray flare from an X-ray source XRISM J1718-3711 on 2025-03-06 TT. The source position is determined to be (R.A., Dec.) = (259.375, -37.183), with a systematic error of ∼ 40 arcsec. A Plausible counterpart is an X-ray source 2CXO J171728.2-371120, which corresponds to YSO candidates Gaia DR3 5973684576802979712 or Gaia DR3 5973684572499673216. Gaia DR3 5973684576802979712 and Gaia DR3 5973684572499673216 are located ∼ 30 arcsec apart from the position of XRISM J1718-3711. All statistical uncertainties in this report will be provided as a 90% confidence level unless stated otherwise.
The flare started on 2025-03-06 at 08:31 TT. The flare rapidly peaked on 2025-03-06 at 08:40 TT. The flare exponentially decayed in 1.5 (+0.4/-0.3) × 10⁴ sec, which is derived by fitting the 0.4 – 2.0 keV light curve with a constant + burst model in the QDP software package.
In order to estimate the source flux, we fit the spectrum in the flare phase with an absorbed APEC model with a temperature of kT = 1.8 (+0.7/-0.3) keV and a hydrogen column density NH < 7 × 10²⁰ cm⁻². Then, the model flux is calculated as (1.6 +/- 0.2) × 10⁻¹² erg s⁻¹ cm⁻² (0.4 – 10.0 keV). A systematic error of roughly 20% should be added to the statistical error. Corresponding luminosity is (3.3 +/- 0.4) D²₁₃₃ ₚ꜀ × 10³⁰ erg s⁻¹.
We derived the above systematic error for the flux by comparing our derived values for the sources detected with XTS in several observations with those for the corresponding X-ray counterparts. We estimated the systematic error for the source position from the separations between the detected sources with the corresponding counterparts in the same field of view.
: subscripthttps://www.astronomerstelegram.org/?read=1706
“Learning how to interact”: Qualitative Analysis of Group Dynamics in a Classroom-Based Violence Prevention Program
No full textGender-based harm (GBH) continues to be a serious problem on university campuses and is associated with negative mental health and academic outcomes for those who experienced harm. Only a small number of GBH prevention strategies have demonstrated effective reductions in campus sexual violence. This study qualitatively evaluated the impact of Consent, Respect, and Sexual Citizenship (CRSC), a novel prevention program that combines aspects of the most effective GBH prevention strategies into a classroombased course. This study also examined the how group dynamics, an understudied but relevant factor in prevention, impacted students’ experiences. Thematic analysis identified three main themes from 18 participants: Individual Growth, Group Dynamics and Community Building, and Transfer of Learning. Results demonstrated that CRSC was an engaging prevention program, and that group dynamics were an important factor in enhancing students’ learning. Recommendations for more rigorous analyses of CRSC and further exploration of group dynamics in prevention are included
Reverse discrimination? In spite of the MAGA bluster over DEI, data shows white Americans are still advantaged
No full textThere’s no evidence of widespread, systematic discrimination against white Americans. Just ask them.http://theconversation.com/reverse-discrimination-in-spite-of-the-maga-bluster-over-dei-data-shows-white-americans-are-still-advantaged-26239
Dual Role of Dendronized Gold Nanoparticles as Both Catalyst and Cargo-Loading Core in the Formation of Gold Nanorattles
No full textHybrid gold nanomaterials, exhibiting unique optical properties as well as morphological versatility, serve as a very valuable scaffold for engineering multifunctional nanoarchitectures. The present study introduces a novel hybrid gold nanomaterial composed of a dendronized gold nanosphere core surrounded by a porous gold cage, named a dendronized gold nanorattle (DAuNRT). Our findings reveal that the assembly of dendrons (branched molecules) onto the core of the nanorattle eliminates the need for other catalysts (such as very hygroscopic sodium sulfide) during the silver coating process. In addition, besides their role as catalysts in the nanorattle formation, the dendrons used as surface ligands on the gold nanosphere core allow for enhanced cargo loading, since they each display eight carboxylic acid termini. Cisplatin (CisPt) was used as a cargo model via coordination to the dendrons, followed by incorporation into the rattle structure, demonstrating the DAuNRTs potential for drug delivery as well as other cargo-carrying applications. The nanostructure reported here combines the advantages of dendron surface coatings and gold nanocages, resulting in a rattle-shaped gold nanomaterial with the potential to display multifunctional capabilities.The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the National Science Foundation (CBET-2045234). They also extend their appreciation to Dr. Tagide de Carvalho (Keith R. Porter Imaging Facility, UMBC) for her assistance with TEM imaging and to Dr. Cynthia Tope Niedermaier at the Molecular Characterization and Analysis Complex (MCAC) at UMBC for her instruction and guidance on ICP-MS measurements.https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c0093
The Bayesian SIAC filter
No full textWe propose the Bayesian smoothness-increasing accuracy-conserving (SIAC) filter -- a hierarchical Bayesian extension of the existing deterministic SIAC filter. The SIAC filter is a powerful numerical tool for removing high-frequency noise from data or numerical solutions without degrading accuracy. However, current SIAC methodology is limited to (i) nodal data (direct, typically noisy function values) and (ii) deterministic point estimates that do not account for uncertainty propagation from input data to the SIAC reconstruction. The proposed Bayesian SIAC filter overcomes these limitations by (i) supporting general (non-nodal) data models and (ii) enabling rigorous uncertainty quantification (UQ), thereby broadening the applicability of SIAC filtering. We also develop structure-exploiting algorithms for efficient maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation and Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling, with a focus on linear data models with additive Gaussian noise. Computational experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the Bayesian SIAC filter across several applications, including signal denoising, image deblurring, and post-processing of numerical solutions to hyperbolic conservation laws. The results show that the Bayesian approach produces point estimates with accuracy comparable to, and in some cases exceeding, that of the deterministic SIAC filter. In addition, it extends naturally to general data models and provides built-in UQ.JG was supported by DOD (ONR MURI) #N00014-20-1-2595 and the National Academic Infrastructure for Supercomputing in Sweden (NAISS) grant #2024/22-1207. TL was supported by DOD ONR MURI grant #N00014-20-1-2595 and AFOSR grant #F9550-22-1-0411. JR and RS were supported by the Swedish Research Council (VR grant 2022-03528). Furthermore, JG, TL, and JR acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant #DMS-1929284 while in residence at the Institute for Computational and Experimental Research in Mathematics (ICERM) in Providence, RI, USA, during the “Empowering a Diverse Computational Mathematics Research Community” topical workshophttp://arxiv.org/abs/2509.1477
Latest view of CTA 1 with VERITAS
No full text39th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2025),July 15-24,2025,Geneva, SwitzerlandAuthors: VERITAS Collaboration, A. Archer , P. Bangale , J. T. Bartkoske , W. Benbow , Y. Chen , J. L. Christiansen , A. J. Chromey , A. Duerr , M. Errando , M. Escobar Godoy , J. Escudero Pedrosa , Q. Feng , S. Filbert , L. Fortson , A. Furniss , W. Hanlon , O. Hervet , C. E. Hinrichs, , J. Holder, T. B. Humensky, M. Iskakova , W. Jin , M. N. Johnson , E. Joshi, M. Kertzman , M. Kherlakian, D. Kieda , T. K. Kleiner, N. Korzoun, S. Kumar, M. J. Lang, M. Lundy, G. Maier, C. E McGrath, P. Moriarty, R. Mukherjee , W. Ning , R. A. Ong , A. Pandey , M. Pohl, E. Pueschel, J. Quinn, P. L. Rabinowitz , K. Ragan, P. T. Reynolds, D. Ribeiro , E. Roache , I. Sadeh, L. Saha , H. Salzmann , M. Santander, G. H. Sembroski, B. Shen, M. Splettstoesser , A. K. Talluri , S. Tandon, J. V. Tucci, J. Valverde, V. V. Vassiliev , D. A. Williams , S. L. Wong, T. YoshikoshiCTA 1 is a shell-type supernova remnant (SNR) with a central pulsar wind nebula (PWN), visible at very-high-energy (VHE) from 50 GeV to 100 TeV from a moderately extended emission region. While general consensus concludes the VHE emission originates from relativistic leptons accelerated by the PWN and undergoing inverse Compton scattering, questions remain about electron escape and propagation, as well as the evolutionary stage of this particular PWN. CTA 1 is on the cusp of middle age (~13 kyr) and spatially resolvable at energies visible to imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs), such as the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS) (PSF < 0.1 deg). Therefore, this remnant is an excellent candidate to study lepton propagation and escape between different PWN evolutionary stages. Since the initial VERITAS publication on CTA 1 in 2013, VERITAS has performed new observations, adding to a total exposure of about 120 hours. We have analyzed the entire VERITAS CTA 1 dataset to date and report results.This research is supported by grants from the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, the U.S. National Science Foundation and the Smithsonian Institution, by NSERC in Canada, and by the Helmholtz Association in Germany. This research used resources provided by the Open Science Grid, which is supported by the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Science, and resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We acknowledge the excellent work of the technical support staff at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory and at the collaborating institutions in the construction and operation of the instrument.http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.0441
BETWEEN TWO SHORES: A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF BANGLADESHI DIASPORA, IDENTITY, AND INFLUENCE IN THE UNITED STATES
No full textThis thesis explores the history and everyday lives of Bangladeshi immigrants in the United States, with a focus on New York City. It looks at when and why they arrived, built strong communities, kept their culture alive, and contributed to life in the United States. The study begins by explaining why people left Bangladesh. Some left because of the violence and displacement during the 1971 Liberation War. Others left because of poverty, political instability, or natural disasters. At the same time, changes in U.S. immigration laws in the 1960s made it easier for people from Bangladesh to move to the United States. Later, more people arrived through family sponsorship and community networks. The thesis follows Bangladeshis who settled mostly in Jackson Heights and Jamaica in Queens, New York, where the largest Bangladeshi populations are found today. These neighborhoods became important places for the community. People opened grocery stores, started newspapers, built mosques, and created organizations to help each other. These places became cultural and religious centers that helped newcomers feel at home in a new country. The primary work of this thesis is two public history projects. The first is a walking tour of Jackson Heights and Jamaica. The tour guides people through important Bangladeshi places, such as restaurants, grocery shops, mosques, media offices, and cultural centers. The second project is a collection of oral history interviews with Bangladeshi immigrants. These include people who arrived as adults in the 1990s and 2000s, as well as young adults who were born in the U.S. or came as children. Many of them suggested sites for the walking tour and joined me in visiting them. Their personal stories help us understand how migration, identity, and community shape real lives. These voices offer valuable insight that is often missing from books or official records. By combining historical context, a walking tour, and oral histories, this thesis creates a meaningful record of the Bangladeshi experience in Queens. It helps future researchers understand immigration and identity, and it honors the lives of people who made new homes in New York. For Bangladeshi Americans, it is a way to see their stories respected and remembered. For others, it offers a way to learn about a rich and growing community that has become an important part of New York City’s cultural life
The complete genome sequence of the cluster BE1 Streptomyces Bacteriophage Riptide includes genes encoding ribosome-associated proteins
No full textThis study isolated bacteriophage Riptide, a BE1 cluster siphovirus, from soil using Streptomyces mirabilis NRRL B-2400. Riptide follows a lytic life cycle contains a genome length of 132,142 bp encoding 236 protein coding genes including two with ribosomal-related functions, as well as genes that encode 39 tRNAs and 1 tmRNA.We thank the Science Education Alliance-Phage Hunters Advancing Genomics and Evolutionary Science (SEA-PHAGES) program and Dr. Ivan Erill for their invaluable support and guidance. We also thank the Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC) for their support. This work was further supported by the 2024 UMBC Phage Hunters and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) SEA-PHAGES program. We also extend our thanks to Daniel Russell, Ralph Murphy, and Tagide deCarvalho for their contributions and support. Members of the 2024-2025 UMBC Phage Hunters Class are listed at https://phages.umbc.edu/home/class-lists/2024-25/.https://journals.asm.org/doi/full/10.1128/mra.00776-2