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Adaptive Feedback Tracking Control for Vibration Suppression of a Cable-Driven Parallel Hoisting Robot Under Compound Motion
No full textThe high nonlinearity and underactuated characteristics of the cable-driven parallel hoisting robot (CDPHR) make vibration suppression control under compound motion a challenging problem. Meanwhile, in practical applications, the speed feedback values required for controlling CDPHR usually need to be measured by indirect methods, which introduces errors into precise control. In addition, the problem of the single-period transmission blank of the swing angle data existing in practical applications affects the vibration suppression performance of the controller. To address these problems, an adaptive feedback tracking control method is proposed in this article. A virtual equivalent system composed of springs, dampers, and mass blocks is designed to replace the speed feedback parameter, enabling precise positioning of the rotation and payload lifting motions for CDPHR, while achieving rapid suppression of payload swing and online identification of mass. Further, a data transmission method based on the experimental platform is designed, which ingeniously uses timestamps to achieve real-time synchronization of sensor and encoder data. Finally, the effectiveness and superior of the control method are verified through experiments on a self-built experiment platform.mended by Technical Editor M Boudaoud and Senior Editor H Fujimoto This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 52205258 Grant 51925502 and Grant 52335002https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/1100611
Scaled RTLS BRDF model extended to high zenith angles
No full textThe Ross-Thick Li-Sparse (RTLS) model provides a good description of the surface bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) for zenith angles (ZA) up to ∼60°–70°. At higher zenith angles, the behaviour of the RTLS model is not well constrained. This becomes a limiting factor for the processing of geostationary satellite data covering the full range of solar and view zenith angles. Here, we propose a scaled sRTLS model extending the zenith angle range to ∼80°–84° and demonstrate an improved performance based on examples from the processing of GOES-16 ABI data using MAIAC algorithm.The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. The research of AL, YW, SK was supported by NASA MODIS Maintenance Program and NASA NNH19ZDA001N-ESROGSS, Earth Science Research from Operational Geostationary Satellite Systemshttps://www.frontiersin.org/journals/remote-sensing/articles/10.3389/frsen.2025.1533803/ful
Diagnosis and Management of a Large RCA Aneurysm Treated With IVUS-Guided PCI Using Covered Stents
No full textBackground
An 82-year-old man received a diagnosis of a large right coronary artery (RCA) aneurysm after subsequent visualization of an epicardial mass at the inferior aspect of the right ventricle on a chest CT scan.
Case Summary
Our patient presented with an extensive vascular history with a growing RCA aneurysm. Intravascular ultrasonography (IVUS)–guided percutaneous coronary intervention isolated the aneurysm, and 2 overlapping covered stents were successfully deployed, thereby restoring distal RCA perfusion.
Discussion
RCA aneurysms are rare, and our patient was considered to be at high risk, which eliminated the possibility of surgical intervention. He ultimately underwent successful IVUS-guided percutaneous exclusion of the aneurysm by the placement of 2 overlapping covered stents.
Take-Home Messages
IVUS is essential for coronary aneurysm intervention, particularly when standard angiography is insufficient because of the aneurysm size. This case illustrates the necessity of IVUS-guided imaging in place of traditional percutaneous coronary intervention for the management of coronary aneurysms.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666084925007375?via%3Dihu
Enhancing construction supply chain Sustainability: The synergistic role of big data analytics and organizational culture using SEM
No full textThe construction industry significantly impacts global sustainability, driving a pressing need to adopt innovative strategies that integrate advanced technologies and organizational dynamics. This study examines the interplay between Big Data Analytics (BDA) and Organizational Culture (OC) in promoting Construction Supply Chain Sustainability (CSCS). Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and data from 190 respondents in Iran's construction sector, the research evaluates both the direct and mediating effects of BDA and OC on the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of CSCS. The findings reveal that BDA directly enhances supply chain sustainability by optimizing resource management, reducing waste, and improving decision-making processes. OC also significantly influences sustainability by fostering a collaborative, data-driven, and adaptive environment that supports BDA implementation. Notably, BDA mediates the relationship between OC and sustainability, bridging cultural dynamics with actionable insights. This study extends theoretical contributions by integrating digitalization and organizational frameworks, emphasizing the importance of aligning OC with technological advancements to achieve sustainability. The results provide practical implications for policymakers and industry leaders, advocating for investments in BDA infrastructure and cultivating a sustainability-oriented organizational culture.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266679082500148
On the time integration for phase field modeling of grain growth in additive manufacturing
No full textPhase field simulations play a key role in the understanding of microstructure evolution in additive manufacturing. However, they have been found extremely computationally expensive. One of the reasons is the small time step requirement to resolve the complex microstructure evolution during the rapid solidification process. This paper investigates the possibility of using a class of stabilized time integration algorithms to accelerate such phase field simulations by increasing the time steps. The specific time integration formulation and theoretical analysis on energy stability were developed, based on a phase field model dedicated to simulating rapid solidification in additive manufacturing. The numerical results confirmed that the proposed method can ensure the numerical stability and a decreasing energy requirement for the phase field simulations with at least two orders-of-magnitude larger time steps over conventional explicit methods. 2D and 3D phase field simulations have been conducted with relevant physical and kinetic parameters for 316L stainless steels. This work provides a numerical framework for efficient phase field simulations and open numerous opportunities for large scale phase field modeling.CY and YL would like to acknowledge the support of University of Maryland Baltimore County through the startup fund and the COEIT Interdisciplinary Project Award.http://arxiv.org/abs/2507.1349
Regulatory Roles for SIRT1 in Aging and Immunosenescence
No full textSilent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), a conserved lysine deacetylase, is an important contributor to the function of macrophages, which are the scavengers of the innate immune system. Macrophages are part of the first line of defense against infection and key players in immunity due to their ability to survey tissue for infections or damage, release inflammatory cytokines, and clear pathogens. Macrophage function deteriorates with age and is a common indicator of immunosenescence. SIRT1 is known to influence multiple aspects of macrophage physiology, particularly proliferation, self-renewal, migration, the regulation of macrophage polarization, and the ability of macrophages to clear pathogens via phagocytosis and inflammasome signaling. Furthermore, mammalian SIRT1 and orthologous Sir2 in other organisms have well-defined roles in aging. Therefore, in this chapter, we discuss evidence that links SIRT1 to macrophage behavior and function, explore its role in inflammatory pathways linked to aging, and highlight key research questions in immunosenescence and the implications for epigenetic and non-epigenetic roles of SIRT1.https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-91459-1_1
Ranking Free RAG: Replacing Re-ranking with Selection in RAG for Sensitive Domains
No full textTraditional Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) pipelines rely on similarity-based retrieval and re-ranking, which depend on heuristics such as top-k, and lack explainability, interpretability, and robustness against adversarial content. To address this gap, we propose a novel method METEORA that replaces re-ranking in RAG with a rationale-driven selection approach. METEORA operates in two stages. First, a general-purpose LLM is preference-tuned to generate rationales conditioned on the input query using direct preference optimization. These rationales guide the evidence chunk selection engine, which selects relevant chunks in three stages: pairing individual rationales with corresponding retrieved chunks for local relevance, global selection with elbow detection for adaptive cutoff, and context expansion via neighboring chunks. This process eliminates the need for top-k heuristics. The rationales are also used for consistency check using a Verifier LLM to detect and filter poisoned or misleading content for safe generation. The framework provides explainable and interpretable evidence flow by using rationales consistently across both selection and verification. Our evaluation across six datasets spanning legal, financial, and academic research domains shows that METEORA improves generation accuracy by 33.34% while using approximately 50% fewer chunks than state-of-the-art re-ranking methods. In adversarial settings, METEORA significantly improves the F1 score from 0.10 to 0.44 over the state-of-the-art perplexity-based defense baseline, demonstrating strong resilience to poisoning attacks. Code available at: https://anonymous.4open.science/r/METEORA-DC46/README.mdhttp://arxiv.org/abs/2505.1601
Nationwide trends in prehospital blood product use after injury 2020–2023
No full textIntroduction Prehospital blood transfusion improves survival after injury. Understanding potential demand for and usage of prehospital blood transfusion is important to help improve supply and utilization of this prehospital intervention. The primary objective of this study is to describe potential current demand for prehospital blood product in adults after blunt and penetrating injury from 2020 to 2023. We also estimate the extent to which this potential demand is being met. Methods Patients ≥16 years with blunt/penetrating injuries included in the National Emergency Medical Services Information System (NEMSIS) from 2020 to 2023 were identified. Patients were classified into Cohort 1 (systolic blood pressure (SBP) 108 or SBP <70) and Cohort 2 (shock index ≥1), and total numbers in each cohort were reported. Additionally, the number and percentage of patients who were potentially eligible for and who received prehospital blood transfusion were calculated and trended over time. Results After exclusions, 20.4 million trauma patients were included. A total of 262,761 Cohort 1 patients and 1,227,556 Cohort 2 patients were potentially eligible for transfusion. Estimated demand for blood transfusion increased from 2020 to 2023 (p < 0.001) in both cohorts. Cohort 1 had the highest estimated proportion of patients (0.9%, n = 2,289) who received transfusion, demonstrating that few potentially eligible adult trauma patients received blood product. Conclusions Altogether, 1.2 million hemodynamically unstable trauma patients were potentially eligible for prehospital blood transfusion after injury during 2020–2023, yet less than 1% received this intervention. These data underscore the need to evaluate and resolve barriers to wider use of prehospital blood transfusions.National Institutes of Health; PrytimeMedical; Infrascan; RevMedX; NationalInstitute for Health and Care Research; U.S. Department of Defense; CSL Behringhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/trf.1822
NIH Scientists Demand Bhattacharya Defend Agency
No full textAfter weeks of protests over firings, grant freezes, and budget cuts, more than 300 scientists and staff from Maryland-based National Institutes of Health issue a public letter of protest called the Bethesda Declaration fashioned after the Great Barrington Declaration, which was co-authored in 2020 as an act of dissent from the scientific orthodoxy on Covid by their current Trump-appointed director Jay Bhattacharya. Sunil Dasgupta talks with three signatories to the letter, NIH staffers Mollie Manier and Ian Morgan, and former staffer Anna Culbertson about the public statement and the relationship between science and politics. Bethesda Declaration: The Great Barrington Declaration: Music by Silver Spring power pop band, The Airport77s.https://open.spotify.com/episode/3dYx30RMa897O73U7f0bB
Pivoting From Federal Work
No full textThree stories about introspection, learning, change, and hope from the destruction of federal worker layoffs and budget cuts. Sunil Dasgupta talks with Kevin Gash of Rockville who went from a 14-year career as a USAID contractor to starting a food truck called PLAN B Sausages. Liza Achilles, also of Rockville, was a technical writing contractor for USDA hoping for a new career in creative writing. And Robbyn Lewis, a Maryland state delegate from Baltimore, who for most of her professional life worked on USAID global health contracts and is struggling with finding the right new direction. Music by Silver Spring power pop band, The Airport77s.https://open.spotify.com/episode/3IyzxDhKymKWxZT7PEawV