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Immersive Virtual Reality for Developing Spatial Skills in Learning 3D Transformations in Computer Graphics
No full textLearning computer graphics requires programming, problem-solving, mathematics, and spatial reasoning proficiency. One of the most challenging topics for students is understanding 3D transformations, a difficulty often attributed to insufficient spatial skills. Due to its immersive, interactive nature, virtual reality (VR) has been proposed as an effective tool for enhancing spatial reasoning. This study investigates how VR can support the learning of 3D transformations by developing an immersive virtual environment (IVE) designed to improve spatial visualization. The environment allows students to explore 3D objects within a coordinate system, interactively apply transformations, and visualize the relationship between transformation sequences and graphical API code. A mixed-methods study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of this VR-based approach. Quantitative results indicate a significant improvement in spatial ability. Qualitative feedback revealed that students found the VR environment engaging and intuitive. The ability to manipulate objects dynamically and observe transformations from multiple perspectives contributed to deeper conceptual understanding. These findings suggest that VR-based learning environments can enhance spatial skills and comprehension of 3D transformations in computer graphics education. Future work will explore long-term skill retention, instructional scaffolding, and alternative assessment methods to optimize VR-based learning.Eurographics 2025 - Education PapersEducation
Transforming Cultural Heritage Through Digital Innovation - Case Study of eKultura
No full textThe eKultura project exemplifies how collaboration and technological adaptation can empower cultural heritage institutions to preserve and share their collections. Built upon the eArchiving Initiative and eARK specifications, eKultura provides a robust and secure framework for digitizing, storing, and accessing Croatia's diverse cultural heritage. The core objectives of eKultura include the establishment of a central system for the permanent preservation, access, aggregation, and search of cultural heritage materials. The project leveraged open-source software, including Goobi workflow and the RODA tool, to enhance digitization processes, quality control, and metadata management. By aligning with OAIS standards and integrating seamlessly with the Central Permanent Storage System, eKultura ensures secure, scalable, and long-term preservation. Furthermore, the eKultura portal enhances accessibility by providing a multilingual interface that allows global users to explore Croatian heritage in over 28 languages. The portal also includes features designed to enhance user engagement and interaction with cultural institutions, offering advanced search capabilities, high-resolution content viewing, and data export options. Additionally, the eKultura system functions as a national aggregator, supporting metadata transformation and data publication to Europeana. The project has yielded significant benefits, including long-term preservation of cultural assets, increased public access, and institutional empowerment. By adopting and refining existing technological solutions, establishing standardized digitization workflows, and promoting knowledge exchange, eKultura ensures that Croatian cultural heritage is preserved and made accessible for future generations. As a model of best practice, the project demonstrates how technological innovation, international standards, and strategic collaboration can drive the successful digital transformation of the cultural heritage sector.Digital HeritageStandards and Community-Driven Tool
Epigraphy in Motion: Deciphering Armenia's Tapanakar Inscriptions via Mobile LiDAR
No full textThe vibrant and largely untold histories of ancient Armenian ancestors, as depicted in tapanakars found across Armenian cemeteries, face the threat of erasure. This research initiative is dedicated to the documentation and preservation of these important cultural narratives by harnessing modern mobile technology, specifically employing photogrammetry and LiDAR capabilities available in current iPhone models. This technological application facilitated the acquisition of 54 new scans from various regions in Armenia, each rigorously analyzed and supplemented with detailed descriptions to provide insights into their historical and cultural context. In collaboration with experts in symbolism and iconography, this study undertook a comprehensive interpretive analysis of the carvings on these monuments. These efforts culminated in creating a robust database that not only archives visual and textual information but also serves as an invaluable tool for scholars and archaeologists engaged in research and preservation activities. Furthermore, the integration of photogrammetry and LiDAR in smartphone technology establishes a versatile and accessible approach to data collection, making these tools especially suitable for fieldwork under diverse conditions. This advanced database also provides a foundation for the development of artificial intelligence models aimed at reconstructing fragmented or incomplete monuments virtually. By leveraging these technologies, we aim to restore, preserve, and animate the forgotten stories embodied in the tapanakars, ensuring their continued relevance and accessibility for future generations.Digital HeritageDigitization, Documentation, and Dissemination Workflow
Photography as an Image of the Intangible and Social Identity
No full textThis article explores how photography can transcend its traditional function as a mere visual record, becoming a tool to explore, reflect on, and transform reality from an aesthetic, social, and cultural perspective. Through various photographic projects, it analyzes how artistic practice in photography goes beyond objective documentation, focusing on the interaction between the visual, the subjective, and the symbolic. The research is based on the analysis of the author's works and those of other artists who have addressed similar themes. A qualitative approach is used, employing the Delphi method and focus groups to gather opinions and feedback. This work underscores photography's ability to interpret the intangible aspects of memory and local identity. Additionally, it proposes the development of innovative projects that harness immersive technologies within the realm of cultural photography.Digital HeritagePoster
Community Landscape Archaeology and Digital Technologies for Heritagization and Memorialization Processes
No full textArchaeologists have increasingly embraced public and community engagement, recognizing that multi-vocal approaches, decolonization, and community participation are crucial in a global context. One of the most effective methods is fostering public involvement in research. However, studies often focus on the social, economic, and political outcomes of archaeology while underutilizing digital tools beyond dissemination, missing opportunities for co-creation, narrative building, and multivocality. Our research, part of the CHANGES-CREST project, explores the integration of community participation with mobile GIS technologies, remote sensing and Artificial Intelligence. The project aims to co-design sustainable cultural heritage tourism, develop community-based heritage practices, apply digital solutions for heritage promotion, and support decolonization processes. Two test sites in the Veneto Region have been implemented as case studies. The Venetian Lagoon has a rich archaeological record dating back to the protohistoric period to recent times but faces preservation challenges due to climate change, tourism, and migration. The Asiago Plateau presents significant archaeological phases from Prehistory to the Cold War; this peripheral region experiences tensions between development and conservation. Methodologically, we employ free mobile GIS platforms, remote sensing data (satellite images, cartography, aerial photos), Artificial Intelligence analysis and local knowledge by involving communities in sharing experiences and topographical points of interest. Participants identify culturally significant locations, associating narratives with material evidence, personal experiences and local history. Public meetings and focus groups serve as discussion forums, while archaeologists and citizens collaborate in field surveys, mapping the local heritage and creating AI models for the automatic recognition of the archaeological landscape. Mobile GIS also aids in planning future research activities, preservation and valorization of cultural heritage. By sharing GIS tools on local communities personal devices, users gain autonomy in heritage mapping and conservation. These digital tools have engaged younger and tech-savvy participants and, the use of drones fostering new perspectives on landscape analysis. Technology and landscape knowledge have emerged as shared languages between archaeologists and communities, facilitating knowledge exchange and aiding decolonization efforts. Simplifying data and establishing digital 'fixed points' in landscape reconstruction helps to re-narrate complex histories and support decolonisation. Making archaeological language accessible and openly acknowledging interpretative uncertainties promotes inclusivity over rigid academic narratives. Both case studies demonstrate that digital and community archaeology should be seen as an interconnected system of theories, tools, and practices. Free mobile GIS, in particular, empowers communities to engage actively with their heritage, fostering a contemporary and inclusive archaeological approach.Digital HeritageDigital Technologies for CHANGES (CHANGES SESSION) - Part
User Driven Augmented Reality Registration for Urban Digital Twin Heritage Visualization
No full textThis work presents the idea of combining Augmented Reality (AR) with an urban Digital Twin (DT) to visualize virtual histori- cal content in real-world locations. Historical buildings can be experienced on-site in their former state using a novel manual placement method. This approach leverages user guidance for precise alignment, bypassing technical and environmental lim- itations common in computer vision methods, offering a robust and accessible solution for urban exploration and heritage visualization. The interactive nature, the simplicity and the adaptability of this approach offer great potential for gamified experiences in cultural heritage and beyond.Digital HeritageXR Platforms and Frameworks for Cultural Engagemen
LucidFusion: Reconstructing 3D Gaussians with Arbitrary Unposed Images
No full textRecent large reconstruction models have made notable progress in generating high-quality 3D objects from single images. However, current reconstruction methods often rely on explicit camera pose estimation or fixed viewpoints, restricting their flexibility and practical applicability. We reformulate 3D reconstruction as image-to-image translation and introduce the Relative Coordinate Map (RCM), which aligns multiple unposed images to a ''main'' view without pose estimation. While RCM simplifies the process, its lack of global 3D supervision can yield noisy outputs. To address this, we propose Relative Coordinate Gaussians (RCG) as an extension to RCM, which treats each pixel's coordinates as a Gaussian center and employs differentiable rasterization for consistent geometry and pose recovery. Our LucidFusion framework handles an arbitrary number of unposed inputs, producing robust 3D reconstructions within seconds and paving the way for more flexible, pose-free 3D pipelines.Computer Graphics ForumGaussian Splatting44
Preconditioned Deformation Grids
No full textDynamic surface reconstruction of objects from point cloud sequences is a challenging field in computer graphics. Existing approaches either require multiple regularization terms or extensive training data which, however, lead to compromises in reconstruction accuracy as well as over-smoothing or poor generalization to unseen objects and motions. To address these limitations, we introduce Preconditioned Deformation Grids, a novel technique for estimating coherent deformation fields directly from unstructured point cloud sequences without requiring or forming explicit correspondences. Key to our approach is the use of multi-resolution voxel grids that capture the overall motion at varying spatial scales, enabling a more flexible deformation representation. In conjunction with incorporating grid-based Sobolev preconditioning into gradient-based optimization, we show that applying a Chamfer loss between the input point clouds as well as to an evolving template mesh is sufficient to obtain accurate deformations. To ensure temporal consistency along the object surface, we include a weak isometry loss on mesh edges which complements the main objective without constraining deformation fidelity. Extensive evaluations demonstrate that our method achieves superior results, particularly for long sequences, compared to state-of-the-art techniques.Computer Graphics ForumCreating and Processing Point Clouds44
3D Technologies on the Underwater Archaeological Site of the Ancient Lighthouse of Alexandria (Egypt)
No full textLocated in Alexandria, Egypt, the ancient Pharos ruins lie scattered across approximately 1.6 hectares under the Mediterranean Sea. Since 1994, the Centre d'Études Alexandrines (CEAlex), a research unit operating under the aegis of the CNRS, has been leading extensive studies of this complex submerged site with an international team of underwater archaeologists. Due to the scale of the work, scientists initiated a photogrammetry program in 2009 for studying and potentially reassembling the archaeological fragments. This effort expanded in 2013 with the creation of a digital twin of the entire site. Digital technologies have profoundly transformed the scientists' work, both in the field and during post-excavation analysis, opening new avenues for site analysis and research perspectives.Digital HeritageDigitization, Documentation, and Dissemination Workflow
Organising and Enriching Urban 3D Models for Digital Twin Applications
No full textThe creation of an urban digital twin for the city of Matera, including 3D geometric models of the city landscape and heterogeneous information coming from different data sources, highlighted the need for a graphical user interface capable of integrating complex 3D urban scenes with geo-referenced data and knowledge (e.g., from real-time sensors, administrative information systems, algorithmic analysis and simulation, manual annotation) and making them easily accessible to a range of users with different levels of expertise. From these requirements, a new tool Matera3D has been developed as a specialized software platform for visualizing, analyzing and documenting 3D urban models. The application integrates point cloud and triangle mesh management with interactive semantic annotation, CityGML compliant dictionaries, and basic morphological analyzes, such as shadow computation and street slope measurements, as an initial set of processing tools that will be extended in the future. The software organizes all project data, including geometry, annotations, metadata, and scalar fields embedded in the geometry, within a coherent folder structure to ensure interoperability and efficient sharing. The software can show data from different sources and of different types in an integrated 3D view to facilitate research and practical applications in urban planning, environmental assessment, and infrastructure management beyond the popular 2D (GIS) approach.Smart Tools and Applications in Graphics - Eurographics Italian Chapter ConferencePoster