Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology Review)
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Lucian-Ştefan Dumitrescu, Mircea Vulcănescu, un portret intelectual: filosofie, sociologie şi geopolitică în România interbelică, Presa Universitară Clujeană, Cluj-Napoca, 2013, 301 p.: Lucian-Ştefan Dumitrescu, Mircea Vulcănescu, an Intellectual Portrait: Philosophy, Sociology and Geopolitics in Interwar Romania, Presa Universitară Clujeană, Cluj-Napoca, 2013, 301 p.
No full textPercepţia vedetei de televiziune în spaţiul mediatic românesc la preadolescenţi, adolescenţi şi tineri: The Television Star Perception in the Romanian Media Field among Preadolescents, Adolescents and Youth
No full textA second outcome of my thesis is the study of the Television star perception in the Romanian media field among pre-teens, teens, and youth. I made a qualitative-comparative study, starting from the semi-directive interview technique, created to explore the way of thinking of three different groups: pre-teens, teens, and young (a total of 75 participants, of whom 31 were male and 44 were female). The article investigates media consumerism, the appearance of the new customers being related to their adaptation to new lifestyles and values. The media consumption becomes a way of building an intelligible universe where the social relations can be maintained or replaced. Hence, the research has explored the perceived differences among three different groups regarding Romanian star system as well as the opinion convergence levels, making it possible to understand the experience lived by these people. In this study, documents, questions for interviews, and explanatory statement to participants are included. This complex analysis is also supported by a comprehensive bibliography and at the same time representative. Unfortunately, the psychologists are concerned with the level of dependency of different types of media consumption (television, Internet, video games), pointing to overconsumption. The conclusions of the research shine a new light on the mixing the right to information and the showbiz sensationalism can destroy public confidence in journalism and discredit the profession
Criticându-l pe Bourdieu în mod pragmatic: The French Pragmatic School Reading Bourdieu
No full textThis article tries to sum up some elements of the critic of the Bourdieu’s critical theories done by the representatives of one current in the French sociology – the pragmatic sociology. Among other things, this current criticises the privileged position in Bourdieu’s sociology of the sociologist himself. Thanks to the reflexivity, he is able to liberate himself from the illusion. For the pragmatic, the capacity to criticise is distributed among the citizens and makes sense. Instead of proposing a critical sociology, we should consider to explain sociologically the social critic of usual and unusual actors. Another critic is the determinism of its structural explanation. The society, the social forces, the structural explanation are explaining everything. And everything can be translated in terms of fields, habitus, illusion, structure. The social forces are deciding about everything, according to Bourdieu. But they are not more visible and scientific than God’s hand, when we take them for granted. We have to listen to the actors to understand their actions, even if their beliefs are different than the ones of the social scientist. The actors and their competences should be taken seriously, and they have the feeling that it is not the case in Bourdieu’s sociology
The virtual environment: dangerous or not? Perceptions and representations of the online experiences among children and adolescents
Get PDFThe Internet and new media are now part of some broad changes that have occurred lately related to how individuals engage in knowledge assumption and production, interaction and information seeking. While digital media are gaining more visibility and attention, both because their associated benefits and inherent dangers, a generation of youngsters is growing up in an era dominated by technological advances that might produce experiences of different kinds in their developmental processes. Although the higher use of the Internet has been accompanied by numerous hopes related to the positive outcomes it might stand for, feelings of fear and panic have also come into play when referring to the child-virtual environment alchemy. This is particularly true in the case of adults’ and public policy representatives’ perceptions of young people as inexperienced users who might easily become targets of the online dangers. Based on three focus-group discussions and using a child-centered approach, this paper presents the perspectives of 24 school teens aged 9-16 who make use of the Internet at least once a week, and explores how they actually embed this into their daily lives, and how they understand and manage risks by themselves. Comparing the answers of three samples of pupils using a focus-group approach, this analysis allowed capturing various interpretations and perceptions related to the online dangers that might occur while exploring the virtual space, by positioning young people at the center of discussions
Dezvăluirea sinelui în mediul virtual. O analiză de conţinut a profilului de Facebook al tinerilor din România: Self-disclosure in the Virtual Environment. A Content Analysis of the Facebook Profile of Romanian Young People
No full textIn the past few years, social scientists were talking more and more of an uncontrolled exposure of young people in the virtual environment. The fast development of social networking sites and of instant messaging services had radically changed the way we interact, communicate and socialize. If before you needed time to get to know someone better, to get close to someone, to make new friends, to meet other people who share your interests and beliefs, now everything seems to be just one click away. An environment where there are no socio-cultural and spatial-temporal barriers, like the virtual environment, is an environment that encourages disinhibition and self-disclosure in social relationships. Therefore, we could say that the Internet is offering us an ideal environment for fast self-disclosure. In this context, the present paper proposes to explore the theme of privacy in the virtual environment, its purpose being to identify the type of personal information which young people easily disclose online. Therefore, the present study presents a content analysis of 106 Facebook profiles, based upon a classification scheme for the information provided online. In the end, the study demonstrates that the focus of social researchers should be on the content of the information and not on the amount of information disclosed online. The study offers an overview of what young people are willing to reveal in the virtual environment and represents a first step in the research of this complex phenomenon and its social implications
Online communication for electoral purposes: A view on political practices in Timis County
Get PDFThe paper aims to present instances of political communication during electoral processes carried out with new media tools. The high rate of Internet penetration and the spreading of social networks triggered the response on the part of political candidates, interested to reach their publics wherever possible. In addition, the development of e-democracy, e-governance and e-politics naturally produces effects in electoral processes. The 2012 parliamentary elections in Romania have as distinctive features the breakdown of constituencies into smaller units and the uninominal vote instead of the previously employed party lists. These features placed the burden of communication tasks on individual candidates, who had to resort to at least one web based communication channel during the campaign. The article is structured in five sections, as follows: the first section is dedicated to presenting the context and tools of the study. The second section views the digital communication as the new frontier to conquer for political communicators. The third is dedicated to Romanian politicians and their Internet presence. The fourth section, which is the largest, places the 2012 parliamentary elections in Timis County under the microscope and highlights the choices of communication tools preferred by the candidates coming from the two political alliances that dominated the elections, the Social Liberal Union (USL) and the Right Romania Alliance (ARD). Finally, the concluding sections discusses further research to be carried in understanding how digital technologies shape the pillar of political communication in the years to com
Serviciul Social – între intervenție socială, propagandă și aglomerare a dezideratelor: Social Service – between Social Intervention, Advocacy and Conglomeration of Desiderata
No full textThis article analyzes the institutionalization of the social interventionist policies advocated by the Bucharest Sociological School. I argue that the 1938 Social Service Law and the ensuing establishment of the Social Service must be understood, on the one hand, as the large scale application of Dimitrie Gusti’s previous ideas regarding “cultural work” in the rural world and, on the other hand, as strategies specifically designed to strengthen the newly established royal dictatorship. The Social Service was rendered compulsory for all university graduates in order to bridge the urban-rural divide, rally Romania’s youth to the Carlist cause, create a pool of trained cadres to serve the regime, as well undermine support for the only political force still capable of challenging the Carlist regime, namely the Legionary Movement. Consequently, the article begins by tracing the intellectual origins and organizational precursors of the Social Service. It also explains the socio-political context of these antecedents. The second part of the article details the political considerations that caused the Social Service to be established and then suspended in short order
Eugeniu Speranţia and Axiological Sociology – between Phenomenology and Noology
Get PDFThis paper intends to reevaluate the studies of Eugeniu Sperantia, the founder of axiological sociology in Romania. Starting from the importance of values in society, Sperantia analyses the spiritual dimension, the manifestation of the axiological factor in the social logic, a manifestation that creates social realities full of meaning for sociology. We can consider axiological sociology as a response of the Romanian sociology to the phenomenological theory appeared in the German cultural space, and in this line of thought in which prevails the spiritual manifestations we can also include the noological sociology, a view that seeks to understand the spiritual order of the social world. Thus, we can consider phenomenology as the most general theoretical framework, followed at an intermediate level by the axiological sociology focused on the dimension of the spiritual factors considered necessary to establish the specific determinism of sociology, and at a more restricted level, the noological sociology – a view that underlines the religious values in understanding the way society works. This theoretical perspective offers the possibility to gain access to the spiritual foundations of a society, like values or religious faiths, starting from the importance of intersubjectivity and the way that society forms itself and exists
Întoarcerea la imaginația sociologică. Provocările sociologiei publice pentru România: Back to sociological imagination. The challenges for public sociology for Romania
No full textThe present article starts with a discussion detached from the academic community of American sociologists, which is based on public sociology, with reference on relevancy and utility of sociological knowledge production: “Sociology for whom”; “What kind of sociology?” Through the scientific studies, the hypothesis of this article shows that sociology as science is at this moment unable to contribute to the use of its own results, due to the lack of a truly interested audience in the extra-academic sphere. The development of a critical and reflexive theory based on the relationship between academic sociology, public sociologist and the public sphere represents an important step in this research about public sociology. The thesis that we want to demonstrate contains, on the one side, critical explanations about the current issue of the sociologist as a public intellectual and on the other side, it refers to the scientific production of sociology in a knowledge society. However, the new risk society born in the recent era of modernity, have devoted a new type of challenges for sociology as science. In the French sociology, Pierre Bourdieu opened an important chapter on the issue of sociology as science and his reflexivity “Science of science and reflexivity” (2001) and also in the American sociology, Charles Wright Mills in “The Sociological Imagination” (1959) introduces a critical theory of scientific knowledge and the abstract empiricism of sociological research of the 1950s. More recently, the debate about the engagement of sociology as a public science continued in the American academic space, when historical controversies in the development of critical theories was resumed by Michael Burawoy in For sociology (2004). The social significance of the article theme consists in the answer of two questions: How does a public science look like? (1) What public for public sociology? (2) From the epistemological perspective of this article analysis, the interest of exploring the “public” reality of sociology is an important objective for giving an explanation about sociological knowledge in the current social construction. In conclusion, we propose to analyze the development of the practices of sociologists as public intellectuals in international academic context, especially to illustrate the challenges of public sociology for Romanian professional sociology
„Cele două Românii”: originile și contextul unei formule controversate: “The Two Romanias”: the Origins and the Context of a Controversial Formula
No full textMircea Vulcănescu’s second contribution to the journal Dreptatea [Justice], published in December 1932, became famous by virtue of its syntagmatic title: “The Two Romanias”. Its theme is typical for interwar Romanian society and indicates one of the main preoccupations of the Gustian monographists, namely the multidimensional urban-rural divide. However, Vulcănescu’s article continues to generate controversy and remains prone to erroneous readings. The analysis recently advanced by Lucian Boia in Capcanele istoriei. Elita intelectuală românească între 1930 și 1950 [The Pitfalls of History. The Romanian Intellectual Elite Between 1930 and 1950] illustrates the hazards inherent in reading this text through the prism of conventional ideological typologies. Boia interprets Vulcănescu’s article as a symptom of a socially widespread “nationalist psychosis.” This way of asserting the problem is indicative of a pervasive hegemonic framework that structures perceptions and interpretations of interwar Romania. The dominant interpretation frames the social and intellectual cleavages of the interbellic period in terms of a “modernization – backwardness” or “democracy – traditionalism/nationalism/orthodoxism” binary. I propose instead a different approach, one that that eschews polemics and ideological explanations. My focus is on questions of method. Consequently, I will first provide a detailed critique of the ways Boia contextualizes Vulcănescu’s text. I will then demonstrate the heuristic advantages of scaling down the historical analysis onto the “micro” level. Thus, I will apply a method drawn from the repertoire of social history: the techniques of “total history”. This procedure yields a very different image of interwar intellectual debates and of their substantive stakes for the social actors involved