Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology Review)
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Transformarea structurii sociale în R.S.S. Moldovenească în urma instaurării socialismului de stat: acumulări conflictuale: The Transformation of the Social Structure in R. S. S. Moldavian after the Establishment of State Socialism: The Accumulation of Conflict
No full textThe Bessarabia’s occupation in 1940 by the Red Army and the incorporation of territory between the Prut and Nistru into the U.S.S.R. under the new name of Soviet Socialist Republic produced radical changes in the lifestyle of the population and completely transformed the class structure formed during the formation of the modern Romanian state. In order to change the Moldovan society, the new Communist regime applied Stalinist dictatorship mechanisms, the most diabolical political and social operations. The most significant were the deportations. The first wave occurred in the 12 to 13 June 1941 and included landowners, merchants, mayors, policemen and gendarmes, white guardsmen, refugees from U.S.S.R. Between 30,000 and 32,500 people were deported. In 1945 were deported 1,207 “Germans”, while in 1946-1949 were arrested and deported the “fascist accomplices and supporters, policemen, gendarmes, vlasovite” – a total of 2,482 people. The second wave took place from June 5 to 6, 1949 and included: kulaks, former landowners, traders, members of political parties, accomplices of German occupiers, white guardsmen, members of sects deemed illegal, along with their families. 35,796 people were deported. The third wave occurred from March 31-April 1, 1951, and targeted the members of the religious sect Jehovah's Witnesses. 2,671 people were deported. According to calculations based on data of the Interior Ministry, a total of 74,000 people were deported to which we should add 23,978 people recently identified in the archives of the Intelligence and Security Service. In total until 1952 they were repressed about 100,000 inhabitants of M.S.S.R. In 1947 the Communists organized the massacre of the population by starvation, and about 280,000 people died of hunger. Stalinist reprisals which included executions, deportations, sentences to excessively many years in prison, and starving to death affected about 20% of the country's population. Massive deportations and starvation caused a massive long-term social impact and speed up the collectivization in the countryside. Following the events in November 1949, the percent of those who entered into kolkhoz farms share increased from 32% to 97%. The mechanisms and instruments of Communist/Bolshevik terror conduced to the destructuration of Bessarabian society formed until 1940. The M.S.S.R. class structure is established on the principles of state socialism dictatorship. The new social class structures contain the sources of cumulative latent conflicts
Joy Hendry, Simon Underdown, Anthropology. A Beginner’s Guide, Onworld Publications, Oxford, England, 2012, 207 p.
Get PDFEmergența structurilor non-statale în epoca Războaielor de Generația a IV-a. Studiu de caz Hezbollah: The Emergence of Non-state Political Structures in the Age of Fourth Generation Warfare. Case Study Hezbollah
No full textThe article addresses some of the most important developments on the field of geopolitcs today: the emergence of non-state players and the gradual development of an anti-Western “Resistance Axis” in the Middle East. The strategic importance of the Lebanese Shia movement Hezbollah, within this alliance and the factors that influenced its growing role are studied through the Fourth Generation of War paradigm developed by William S. Lind and the IEMP model of Michael Mann
Conferința anuală a cercetării în sociologie și asistență socială, Sibiu, 17-18 octombrie 2014: The Annual Conference of Sociological and Social Work Research, Sibiu 17-18 October 2014
No full textParticiparea adolescenţilor şi bunăstarea lor subiectivă: o comparaţie între Brazilia, Chile, Spania şi România: Adolescent’s Participation and their Subjective Well-Being: a Comparison between Brazil, Chile, Spain and Romania
No full textAdolescents’ participation in all the matters that affect them has great importance for their life and well-being. Just a few studies explore adolescents’ social participation and even less address the link between adolescents’ participation and their subjective well-being (SWB). This article explores adolescents’ perceptions on their participation in family, school, and community and its’ relationship with their SWB measured by four psychometric scales: OLS, SLSS5, BMSLSS and PWI-SC5. Data have been collected within International Survey of Children’s Well-Being-ISCWeB (the fi rst international extended pilot 2011-2012) from four samples of adolescents (M=12,1, SD=0,68): Brazil, Chile, Romania and Spain. Descriptive and exploratory analyzes were performed using independent sample ‘t’ test in order to examine mean scores of the SWB indicators by gender in the four countries and Pearson Chi-Square to test gender differences between the group of adolescents who perceive they are listened by adults and the group with nonparticipation. The relationship between adolescents’ perception on participation in family, school and community, gender and their SWB was explored by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results indicated that greater perceived participation of adolescents aged 12 is signifi cantly associated with higher subjective well-being. Variations between countries in SWB in the way that adolescent’s perceive their participation and also between boys and girls were found. The results are discussed with focus on the implementation of children’s rights and programs which enables adolescents’ participation in the contexts of their life and also on the need to improve policies for children and adolescents
Conferinţa Shaping Europe 2020: Socio-Economic Challenges, PGSA 2014: Conference Shaping Europe 2020: Socio-Economic Challenges, PGSA 2014
No full textÎn anticamera unui nou bipolarism global: In the Antechamber of a New Global Bipolarity
No full textThis paper looks at changes in international order nowadays, with a focus on debates about unipolarity and multipolarity. The hypothesis of the study is that the world is currently experiencing a short stage of uni-multipolarity, characterised by high instability, which is generated by the rise of new regional hegemons, the changes at the top of power hierarchies, the diminishing gap between the US (as the only superpower of the moment) and the rising powers. The conflict between global order and regional order is, implicitly, a conflict between Western and emerging countries development models. The following decade will probably confirm the tendency for a comeback to a new type of bipolar order. An analysis of the current stage of international relations reveals that we are now witnessing double bipolarity: an American-Chinese economic bipolarity and an American-Russian military bipolarity
: The Impact of Expansion and Contraction on the Evolution of Selectivity of Romanian Higher Education. A Descriptive Analysis
No full textThe article investigates in a descriptive manner the evolution of selectivity of admissions to Romanian universities in the context of dramatic changes of figures regarding enrollment in higher education between 2007-2013. Using national and European statistical data and selectivity indicators collected from the Romanian public and private universities' webpages the authors discuss: the distribution of enrollment expansion and contraction by property of university, type of financing and field of study; selectivity indicators publication practices; the ecolution of admissions' selectivity indicators; evolutions of selectivity indicators by fields of study and types of universities. The results suggest that the expansion and the subsequent contraction were due to the inflationary demand and offer in credentialized fields of studies supplied specially by private universities. All the recorded evolutions point to a saturation of demand for these fields of study and the orientation of demand, via effectively maintained inequality towards socially more rewarding domains like medicine
Lost in Transition. An Exploration beyond the Narratives of Social Inclusion of Romanian Roma
No full textMany policy-orientated researches on the socio-economic status of Roma in present day Europe are anchored in a present-centred and ahistorical framework (Powell and Lever, 2015) which leaves understudied the complex mechanisms of inequality and socio-economic marginalization that have historically characterized the Roma minority. Based on a quantitative analysis of occupational trajectories and other socio-economic indicators in two development regions from Romania, South-East and South-Muntenia, I will show that the Roma were not only losers of transition, but their (current) socio-economic exclusion is the result of past programs to improve their situation. If before 1989, Roma experienced some occupational mobility, despite remaining on the lower rungs of the social structure, after the fall of the Berlin Wall, they were not only unevenly affected by the transition(s) in Central and Eastern Europe, but their precarious socio-economic status tends to reproduce intergenerational. While European and national polices are devised for combating their social exclusion, some programs have ambiguous and unsustainable effects on their wellbeing. The article concludes that despite the prevailing social inclusion narratives at the EU and national level, some social deficits are hardly addressed in the two regions
