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Estetik/Kozmetik Diş Hekimliğinin Tarihsel Açıdan Değerlendirilmesi
No full textEstetik; diş hekimlerinin rutin uygulamalarında hastalarına kazandırmayı amaçladıkları önemli tedavi bileşenlerinden biridir. Günümüzde ise sadece estetik bir görünüm kazandırmanın hedeflendiği dental işlemler hızla artmaktadır. Modern dünyada kişisel refah, sosyal kabul, iş ve özel hayattaki başarılar kişilerin güzel bir diş görünümüne ve gülüşe sahip olmalarından etkilenmektedir. Günümüz insanının dişleri aracılığıyla güzelliğini veya kimliğini ifade etmesi esasında zengin bir tarihe sahiptir. Geçmişte vücut ve dişler insanlar tarafından boş bir tuval gibi modifiye edilmiştir. Yerel olarak ve çağdan çağa güzellik algıları ve dişlerin simgelediği anlamlar değişmiştir, bugünün dişlerin bembeyaz ve sıralı olduğu anlayışa evrilmiştir. Ayrıca ilkçağlardan beri diş hekimliği teknolojisinin gelişimiyle modern estetik diş hekimliği işlemlerinin temelleri atılmıştır. Bu çalışmaya öncelikle antropolojik çalışmalardan elde edilen diş mutilasyonları ile başlanmıştır. Daha sonra arkeolojik çalışmalardan elde edilen günümüz estetik diş hekimliği uygulamalarının ilkel halleri ile devam edilmiştir ve son olarak bu uygulamaların teknolojik gelişimleri çağlara ayrılarak derlenmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı geçmişten günümüze kadar gelen estetik değerlere ve dental estetik teknolojinin gelişimine kısaca göz atarak bugünün estetik diş hekimliğine tarihsel açıdan değinmektir. Bu şekilde psikososyal değişkenlerden oldukça etkilenen estetik uygulamalara tarih aracılığıyla farklı noktalardan bakılması mümkün olmaktadır.Esthetics is one of the important treatment components that dentists intend to provide to their patients in their routine practices. Nowadays, these dental practices that aim only to provide an esthetic appearance are increasing rapidly. In the modern world, having a nice dental appearance and smile, affects personal well-being, social acceptance, and business and personal life success. The fact that modern people express their beauty and identity through their teeth has a rich history. In the past, the body and teeth were modified by humans like a blank canvas. The sense of beauty and the meanings symbolized by teeth have changed locally and from age to age, evolving into today’s concept that teeth are extremely white and in rows. In addition, modern esthetic dentistry practices are based on the development of dental technology since ancient times. This article begins with the dental mutilations that were obtained from anthropological studies. Then, it continues with the primitive forms of today's esthetic dentistry practices obtained from archeologic studies, and finally, the technological developments of these applications were compiled by dividing them into ages. The aim of the study is shortly review the esthetic values and development of dental esthetic technology from past to present and examine today’s esthetic dentistry from a historical perspective. In this way, it is possible to look at aesthetic practices, which are highly affected by psychosocial variables, from different points of view through history
Design and characterization of nasal release system using ritonavir-imprinted pHEMA nanoparticles
No full textThe exceptional ability of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) to recognize specific molecular structures has recently facilitated their use in biomedical applications, including drug release. Controlled nasal drug release techniques effectively target specific tissues with optimal doses, timing, and location for therapeutic effects. This approach is advantageous due to the slightly acidic pH and low enzymatic activity in this region. MIPs are employed in these areas to enhance specificity and efficacy in drug release systems. This study aims to design an effective controlled nasal drug release system by imprinting the antiretroviral drug Ritonavir (RTV) onto pHEMA-based molecularly imprinted nanoparticles. Attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), zeta-size analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the nanoparticles, verifying their spherical shape, content and consistent size distribution. Zeta-size analysis revealed that RTV-imprinted p(HEMA-MATrp) nanoparticles had an average size of 88.46 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.279. The MIP nanoparticles possessed a specific surface area of 628.34 m2/g. In vitro release studies showed controlled release behavior of RTV-loaded nanoparticles, fitting the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. At 2.0 mg/mL, 71% cumulative release was observed after 10 h. The cumulative release of the was lowest at pH 4.0 (26%) and highest at pH 7.4 (32%) for 1.0 mg/mL loaded p(HEMA-MATrp) nanoparticles. MTT cytotoxicity tests on L929 cells indicated reduced cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility. These results suggest RTV-imprinted p(HEMA-MATrp) nanoparticles as an effective drug release system for antiretroviral therapies
Letter to the Editor: Choosing the Injectate/Technique in Knee Osteoarthritis: Ultrasound is the Game Changer.
No full textCancers in Different Conditions, Cancer Research Methods and Diagnosis: An Interdisciplinary Approach
No full textLip Sonoanatomy and Relevance to Aesthetic Filler Injections: A Pictorial Review
No full textBackgroundLips are central to facial aesthetics, influencing overall balance and harmony. Ultrasound has become a key tool for assessing lip musculature and neurovascular structures, particularly in aesthetic filler injections. By enhancing precision and safety, ultrasound is valuable in procedures addressing age-related lip changes, yet standardized scanning protocols remain underexplored.AimsThis review examined lip anatomy, summarized ultrasound applications in aesthetic procedures, introduced a structured scanning protocol, and highlighted its role in guiding filler injections.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted up to August 1, 2024, using keywords related to ultrasound and lip anatomy. Studies involving human subjects or cadavers using ultrasound for lip assessment and injection guidance were included, whereas nonhuman studies, alternative imaging methods, and research unrelated to the lip region were excluded. Six studies met the criteria.ResultsUltrasound improves precision in lip injections by identifying key structures, including the superior and inferior labial arteries and the orbicularis oris muscle, reducing vascular risks. A structured scanning approach enhances procedural safety and efficacy.ConclusionsUltrasound is a valuable tool in aesthetic lip procedures, improving accuracy and minimizing complications. Further research is needed to refine protocols and establish ultrasound as a standard practice in lip augmentation
A novel federated learning-based IDS for enhancing UAVs privacy and security
No full textUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) operating within Flying Ad-hoc Networks (FANETs) encounter security challenges due to the dynamic and distributed nature of these networks. Previous studies focused predominantly on centralized intrusion detection, assuming a central entity responsible for storing and analyzing data from all devices. However, these approaches face challenges including computation and storage costs, along with a single point of failure risk, threatening data privacy and availability. The widespread dispersion of data across interconnected devices underscores the need for decentralized approaches. This paper introduces the Federated Learning-based Intrusion Detection System (FL-IDS), addressing challenges encountered by centralized systems in FANETs. FL-IDS reduces computation and storage costs for both clients and the central server, which is crucial for resource-constrained UAVs. Operating in a decentralized manner, FL-IDS enables UAVs to collaboratively train a global intrusion detection model without sharing raw data, thus avoiding delay in decisions based on collected data, as is often the case with traditional methods. Experimental results demonstrate FL-IDS's competitive performance with Central IDS (C-IDS) while mitigating privacy concerns, with the Bias Towards Specific Clients (BTSC) method further enhancing FL-IDS performance even at lower attacker ratios. Comparative analysis with traditional intrusion detection methods, including Local IDS (L-IDS), sheds light on the strengths of FL-IDS. This study significantly contributes to UAV security by introducing a privacy-aware, decentralized intrusion detection approach tailored to UAV networks. Moreover, by introducing a realistic dataset for FANETs and federated learning, our approach differs from others lacking high dynamism and 3D node movements or accurate federated data federations
Do they systematically observe? A study with early childhood preservice teachers
No full textThis study aimed to examine the views and experiences of early childhood pre-service teachers regarding systematic observation. Systematic observation is a developmentally appropriate tool for understanding children's interests and needs, informing instructional planning, and assessing their developmental progress. The research was conducted with phenomenological design and semi-structured interviews and an open-ended questionnaire were used for data collection from seven early childhood pre-service teachers. The data was analyzed through thematic analysis, which revealed three themes: (1) pre-service teachers' views on systematic observation, (2) pre-service teachers' experiences on systematic observation, and (3) pre-service teachers' suggestions for improving observation practices. The findings indicated that early childhood pre-service teachers considered observation as a natural, non-interventional, and mostly unstructured process. Pre-service teachers focused on children's emotions and behaviors during the observation process but paid more attention to negative behaviors. In order to improve the observation process, the participants emphasized that the teaching practice experience needs to be enhanced. The results highlight that experiences on child observation during teaching practices have a critical role on the professional readiness of pre-service teachers to the teaching profession
