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Comparison of Metabolic and Hormonal Profiles between Low-Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) and Standard AGEs-Containing Weight-Loss Diets in Overweight Phenotype-A PCOS Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial
No full textThis study aims to investigate the effects of a low-advanced glycation end products(AGEs) diet versus a standard AGE-containing weight-loss diet on metabolic and hormonal profiles of overweight phenotype-A polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) patients.A randomized controlled interventional study.A total of 44 Rotterdam phenotype-A PCOS patients aged 19-35 were enrolled between January 2022 and May 2023. They were randomly assigned to 12-weeks of an energy-restricted Standard-AGEs diet(S-AGEs) or an energy-restricted Low-AGEs diet(L-AGEs). At baseline and after 12-weeks of intervention, weight loss, oligo-amenorrhea, hormonal profiles, plasma lipid profiles, and inflammation markers were evaluated. During the intervention, 8 participants from the L-AGEs group and 6 from the S-AGEs group dropped out. Completers had similar baseline characteristics to dropouts. In the per-protocol analysis, similar weight loss was observed in the L-AGEs(n = 14) and S-AGEs(n = 16) groups compared to baseline weight [-8.4 [-10.3 to -5.8] vs. -5.2 [-8.8 to -4.6] kg, respectively, p = 0.183]. However, in the L-AGEs group, fasting glucose levels decreased significantly more compared to the S-AGEs group (-8.5 [-11.5 to -3.5] vs. -0.5 [-3.7 to 0.7] mmol/L, respectively, p = 0.027). Following the diet intervention in the L-AGEs group, the waist-to-hip circumference ratio, LDL-cholesterol, TNF-alpha, total testosterone (TT), free-androgen index (FAI), and anti-M & uuml;llerian hormone (AMH) levels significantly decreased compared to baseline levels, while sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels increased. In contrast, there was no statistically significant change in these parameters in the S-AGEs group.In addition to weight-loss, reducing dietary AGEs intake resulted in significantly greater improvements in metabolic and hormonal profiles among phenotype-A PCOS patients. Clinicaltrials.gov registration no. NCT05830487
Actual Roles of Occupational Therapists in Palliative and Hospice Care: A Scoping Review
No full textBackground This study reviewed the role of occupational therapist's in palliative and hospice care over the past 20 years. Methods A scoping review following Arksey and O'Malley's five stages was undertaken using PubMed, OTseeker, Scopus, Elsevier, Cochrane Library-Medline, CINAHL, PsychInfo, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Results A total of 41 articles were reviewed. The most publications occurred in 2010, 2011, 2015, and 2023. The majority of the studies (48.7%) were of qualitative design. Various roles of occupational therapists have been defined in palliative care: discovering occupational meaning in the last periods of life and supporting occupational participation, management of persistent physical and psychological symptoms, especially pain and fatigue, improving or supporting the quality of life for individuals under palliative care, supporting mental well-being, supporting social participation, use of adaptive technologies, providing individuals with confidence and comfort. Occupational therapists also have various duties in maintaining palliative-hospice care at home include evaluating the individual at home and supporting home care and rehabilitation after discharge. Interventions for caregivers or supporting caregivers who have lost their roles, occupations or jobs in the care process are also among the roles of occupational therapists. Conclusion Occupational therapy within the context of palliative care aims to assist individuals in attaining their highest level of independence in important occupations. Occupational therapists play a crucial role in coordinating and facilitating safe transitions from the hospital to home, aiming to improve the overall quality of life and reduce hospital stays
From Crude Extracts to Purity: A Comparative Study of Butyrylcholinesterase Purification
No full textButyrylcholinesterase (BChE; EC 3.1.1.8) is an enzyme found in blood plasma and various tissues, playing a key role in metabolizing esters and detoxifying various substances. In this study, we developed a modified purification protocol for BChE from human serum, achieving a higher purification yield (38.3%) and specific activity (60,500 U/mg) compared to previous reports. The method employed a single round of acid dialysis, Sephadex G50 gel filtration chromatography, and procainamide Sepharose 4 fast flow affinity chromatography. Our new approach excludes the commonly used DEAE Trisacryl M chromatography. The goal was to compare this method with our previously employed purification protocols. This study demonstrates that optimizing chromatography steps can enhance enzyme recovery and activity, though further refinement may be needed for higher purification folds. This improved methodology offers a valuable approach for efficient BChE purification with potential for broader applications
A full factorial design for the decolorization of real textile wastewater using iron-rich montmorillonite by sonocatalytic process
No full textIn this study, the sonocatalytic process was used to remove colour from the effluent of a textile factory located in Turkey. Clay from a brick-tile factory located in the city of Eskisehir was used to enhance the effect of ultrasound (US) at 20 kHz frequency and 750 W power. The structure, morphology and composition of the clay were identified by characterization studies including FT-IR, XRD, XRF, SEM and TGA. The clay consists mainly of montmorillonite and iron-rich montmorillonite as smectite minerals, nontronite, quartz minerals, calcite and dolomite as minor clay minerals. In the scope of the study, Design of Experiment (DoE) and a Full Factorial Design (FFD) was used to determine the operating conditions that affect the color removal efficiency of textile industry wastewater. pH, clay amount, time, and H2O2 concentration were determined as critical factors using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). It has been confirmed that when the critical factors for color removal efficiency-specifically, a pH of 2, 2 g of clay, a duration of 120 min, and 35 ppm of H2O2-are kept constant, the resulting removal percentage was predicted as 94 % approximately by using regression model. The optimal levels of factors have been verified by the validation experiments
Predicting the suitable habitats of<i> Alosimus</i><i> marginicollis</i> (Haag-Rutenberg, 1880) (Coleoptera: Meloidae) and evaluating its potential distribution in relation to geographical and climatic barriers
No full textThe main objective of this study was to predict the ecological requirements of Alosimus marginicollis (Haag-Rutenberg, 1880), for which limited ecological information is available, and to predict possible suitable habitats under current conditions and different future scenarios. An ensemble model-based approach, combining multiple algorithms (GAM, GLM, MARS, MaxEnt), was used to predict suitable habitats for this species using bioclimatic, topographic and land cover variables. The models indicated that the elevation variable among the topography variables, BIO15 (precipitation seasonality) and BIO4 (temperature seasonality) among the bioclimatic variables, and the cropland variable (cultivated and managed vegetation cover) among the land cover variables are the most significant variables for this species. The models further indicated that the current suitable habitats for species are limited to the Anatolian Diagonal in the east, due to climatic effects. In the west, it is suggested that the optimal habitats for the species are limited between the coastal Aegean and inner Aegean and climatic factors may be a barrier for the species in this area. In future projections, a gradual habitat loss is predicted, and in the relatively optimistic scenario, this species may persist in some areas, whereas in the most pessimistic scenario, suitable habitats are predicted to vanish almost entirely
An investigation of the specificity and vividness of autobiographical memories and future events produced in response to disgust-related cues among individuals with eating disorders
No full textBackgroundA deficiency in autobiographical memory functioning could be of relevance to the maintenance of an eating disorder (ED). Past research has found that people with EDs have difficulties in recalling specific details of autobiographical memories (AM) and in imagining future events. Our aim was to investigate AM and episodic future thinking (EFT) in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN), binge-type eating disorders (Bulimia Nervosa or Binge Eating Disorders; BN/BED), and healthy controls (HCs) using negative cue words relevant to the experience of being disgusted and morally violated.MethodsRemotely administered computerised versions of the autobiographical memory task (AMT) and the EFT task were used to measure the specificity and vividness of AMs and EFTs. Neutral or negative/moral disgust-relevant cues were used to elicit AMs and EFTs. The relationship between AM specificity and EFT specificity was explored. The predictor role of individual differences in childhood teasing and betrayal sensitivity on the specificity and vividness of AMT and EFTs induced by moral disgust-relevant cues was examined.ResultsIndividuals with AN and BN/BED did not have difficulties retrieving specific and vivid details of AMs and imagining future events in both cue conditions. AM specificity predicted EFT specificity in AN and HC groups. Future events primed by neutral cues were rated as more vivid by the control group compared to those induced by negative cues. Participants with EDs who had greater levels of childhood teasing and betrayal sensitivity generated more vivid AMs and EFTs in response to moral disgust-related cues, which was not observed in HCs.ConclusionsThis study did not detect alterations in AMT and EFT characteristics in people with AN or binge-type EDs compared with HCs. The findings were discussed regarding sample characteristics (e.g., illness severity, ethnicity) and methodology (e.g., cue words) in the present study. Individual differences in childhood teasing and betrayal sensitivity may be related to more vivid negative memories and future events, which might increase the salience of past and future victimisation-related events
Upadacitinib as a Rescue Therapy in Patients with Steroid- and Infliximab-Refractory Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis: Real-Life Multicentre Results
No full textComparison of the red fox gut microbiota among different habitat types in southern Anatolia
No full textEnvironmental conditions, especially diet, affect the diversity of gut microbiota (GM). This diversity within and between populations may influence the host's health and fitness and, therefore, play an important role in adaptation. Regarding this, we collected fecal samples from natural, rural, suburban, and urban habitats to reveal the interaction between diet and compositional diversity of GM of a generalist carnivore, the red fox. The prokaryotic diversity of fecal microbiota was investigated by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 regions. A total of 46 archaeal and bacterial phyla were identified, with Bacillota being the most common phylum in most samples. The dominant genera in the GM of the red fox were Collinsella, Fusobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Escherichia-Shigella, and Blautia. Fusobacterium showed higher relative abundance in suburban (16.0%), natural (11.0%), and rural habitats (10.8%) compared to urban habitats (2.0%), indicating dietary differences of the red foxes that feed close to human settlements. Despite the observed differences in specific taxa, the overall microbial diversity remained relatively stable across the habitats. Our study determined the compositional changes of the GM of a wild animal for the first time in the Anatolian peninsula and revealed the effects of dietary changes, especially urbanization, on the diversity of GM of red foxes
Comparison of Hemiarthroplasty, total hip arthroplasty, and internal fixation for hip fractures in patients over eighty years of age: factors affecting mortality: a nationwide cohort study of fifty three thousand, four hundred and ninety five patients from Türkiye
No full textPurpose Hip fractures are a common cause of mortality in elderly patients. This study aimed to determine the predictive factors affecting mortality among patients over the age of 80 who underwent surgical treatment for hip fractures. Methods We searched the Turkish Ministry of Health's e-health database to identify patients over 80 years old who had undergone surgery for proximal femoral fractures from 2016 to 2022. This process yielded 53,495 patients. Demographic data as well as comorbidities, blood transfusions, postoperative 90 days medical complications, and mortality was investigated. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for one year mortality in patients undergoing surgical treatment for proximal hip fractures. Results The mortality rate was 37.2% in the first year. The mean Charlson comorbidity index(CCI) was 6.8 (range: 4-22). In the postoperative period, 68.6% of the patients received blood transfusions. Logistic regression analysis identified significant predictors of one-year mortality in surgical patients, including male gender, increased age, higher CCI scores, AKI, PE, pneumonia, electrolyte imbalance, gastrointestinal bleeding, blood transfusion, and increased mortality risks with hemiarthroplasty and internal fixation compared to total hip arthroplasty. (p < 0.001 for all). Conclusions This large cohort study demonstrated that the mortality rate is high and that the type of surgery, male gender, older age, blood transfusion requirements, and high CCI score are associated with mortality in patients over 80 years of age who have undergone surgery for hip fractures. Preoperative optimization and postoperative care are critical for these vulnerable elderly patients
From worker health to occupational health and safety in Turkey: a history of paradigm change
No full textOccupational health and safety (OHS) regulations in Turkey have undergone significant transformations from the Ottoman Empire to the present day. Early legal frameworks, starting with the 1865 regulations, were narrowly focused on specific high-risk sectors like mining. This worker-centric and sector-based approach persisted during the early Republican era but began to expand as Turkey pursued industrialization and modernization. The post-2000 era marked a paradigm shift driven by Turkey's EU harmonization process and the adoption of ILO standards. The transition involved moving from compensatory and reactive measures to a proactive, preventive, and inclusive OHS model applicable to all employees, regardless of sector or employment status. This study examines the historical evolution of OHS regulations in Turkey, exploring how socio-economic changes, international norms, and domestic dynamics shaped a modern framework that aligns with global labor standards