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Need for Social Emotional Learning (SEL) Skills for Development of School Engagement: A Qualitative Study on the Turkish Context
No full textThis study explores the perspectives of middle school educators and parents in a region with high dropout rates regarding school engagement and social-emotional learning (SEL) competencies. Using a phenomenological approach, data were collected from 16 teachers and 15 parents across three schools through six focus group discussions. Participants reported that low student awareness, lack of interest in lessons, and reluctance to attend school undermined engagement. In the academic context, they emphasized the importance of recognizing students' achievements and expanding teachers' authority to enhance engagement. Socially, strengthening teacher-student relationships, providing parent training, and fostering positive parental involvement were seen as critical. Notably, participants perceived that barriers to school engagement and challenges in SEL development-considered essential for fostering engagement-overlapped. Participants emphasized the need for initiatives that promote SEL skills, enhance engagement, and reduce dropout rates. They highlighted the importance of creating multifaceted learning environments that support SEL areas and involving a broader range of stakeholders in this process
Measuring cognitive effort in machine translation post-editing and evaluating the link of cognitive effort to translation expertise
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Social Inequalities and Fertility in Pandemic Times: The Impact of COVID‐19 on the Fertility of the Roma Population in Türkiye
No full textApplication of artificial neural network to determine optimum formulation development and in vitro characterization of methylene blue and galantamine loaded polymeric nanoparticles for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
No full textAlzheimer's disease is a major neurodegenerative disorder characterized by complex pathophysiology and currently lacks a curative treatment. This study aims to develop and characterize methylene blue and galantamine co-loaded PLGA nanoparticles, surface-modified with poloxamer 188 and GSH, to increase blood residence time and improve brain-targeted delivery. The nanoparticles were prepared using the double emulsion solvent evaporation method, and their physicochemical properties were characterized by TEM, FT-IR, DSC, XRD, and C-13 NMR. Artificial neural network modeling was used to optimize the formulation parameters, including PLGA %, PVA %, and sonication time, for predicting particle size and encapsulation efficiencies of methylene blue and galantamine. Results showed that the optimized nanoparticles had particle sizes <200 nm, appropriate zeta potential, and high encapsulation efficiencies. DSC, FT-IR, XRD, and NMR analyses confirmed the absence of crystalline peaks for methylene blue and galantamine, indicating successful encapsulation. Artificial neural network models demonstrated high predictive accuracy, serving as a valuable tool for formulation optimization. This dual-drug, surface-modified nanoparticle approach offers promising potential for multi-target therapy in Alzheimer's disease
Short- vs. long-axis ultrasound-guided injections for the proximal and distal parts of the posterior interosseous nerve: a cadaveric study
No full textPurposePosterior interosseous nerve (PIN) syndrome is an uncommon neuropathy that may mimic lateral epicondylitis. High-resolution ultrasound aids its diagnosis by revealing nerve swelling, while ultrasound-guided injection is increasingly employed for decompression. Nevertheless, the influence of injection axis on injectate distribution remains unclear. This study aimed to compare the spread characteristics and accuracy of short-axis vs. long-axis ultrasound-guided injections at the proximal and distal PIN using cadaveric validation.Kindly check and confirm the city name is correctly identified in affiliation [6].It is correctly identified. MethodsTen cadaveric limbs were randomized to short-axis (n = 5) or long-axis (n = 5) injections. Ultrasound parameters, including fascicle count, cross-sectional area, and surrounding muscle or tendon thickness, were recorded. Proximal and distal injections were performed separately with 5 mL of injectate. Subsequent dissection assessed target infiltration and spread dimensions (length, width).ResultsUltrasound findings were comparable between the groups with no significant differences in cross-sectional area or muscle/tendon thickness. On dissection, all injections achieved successful proximal and distal PIN infiltration. At the proximal level, short-axis injections produced significantly greater infiltration width (43.6 +/- 6.2 mm vs. 24.3 +/- 13.2 mm, p = 0.032), while infiltration length was not significantly different (88.8 +/- 17.4 mm vs 77.1 +/- 37.1 mm, p = 0.690). At the distal level, both infiltration length (81.0 +/- 24.4 mm vs. 67.7 +/- 37.4 mm, p = 0.548) and width (28.2 +/- 10.9 mm vs. 22.5 +/- 8.8 mm, p = 0.548) were numerically greater with short-axis injections, although the differences did not reach statistical significance.ConclusionBoth short- and long-axis ultrasound-guided injections consistently achieved target infiltration of the PIN. The short-axis approach provided broader proximal spread, which may enhance circumferential perineural coverage, whereas the distal injections showed no significant differences between techniques. These findings support the reliability of both approaches, while highlighting a potential advantage of short-axis guidance at the proximal forearm
Bioactive Metabolites from Aerial Parts of Plantago indica L.: Structural Elucidation and Integrated In Vitro/In Vivo Assessment of Anti-Inflammatory and Wound-Healing Efficacy
No full textThe genus Plantago (Plantaginaceae) is widely distributed worldwide. The Plantago speciesare used in traditional medicine as wound healers, anti-inflammatory agents, antipyretics,and analgesics. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition from theaerial parts of Plantago indica L. and to evaluate its biological activities. Isolation studiesand in vitro investigations were conducted on an aqueous phase of 80% EtOH extractof Plantago indica. In addition, in vivo studies were carried out using the MeOH, 80%EtOH, and water extracts. Plantarenaloside (1), 3-oxo-α-ionol β-glucoside (2), martynoside(3), acteoside (4), feruloyl gardoside (5), and ursolic acid (6) were isolated from theextract. The structures of the compounds were elucidated using 1D- and 2D-NMR andESI-MS analyses. The extract, fractions, and pure compounds were tested in vitro forcytotoxicity (MTT), anti-inflammatory activity (NO, IL-6, and TNF-α production), woundhealing (scratch test), and antioxidant capacity (DPPH, ABTS, SO). Feruloyl gardoside(20.11–58.27%) significantly reduced NO levels at concentrations of 25–100 μM. It significantlyreduced IL-6 levels (40.17%) at 100 μM. Additionally, the in vivo anti-inflammatory(acetic acid-induced vascular permeability) and wound healing (incision and excision models)effects of the extracts were investigated. The findings suggest that P. indica may be consideredto be a potential therapeutic option for managing inflammation and for promotingwound healing.</p
Synthesis, photophysical properties, and monitoring photoisomerization of carbazole-based<i> N</i>-acylhydrazone compound using ion mobility mass spectrometry
No full textThe field of organic chemistry has long been fascinated by the versatility and potential of N-acyl hydrazone compounds. These compounds have attracted significant attention due to their remarkable pharmacological properties, diverse synthetic applications, and attractive structural features. Literature has shown that these structures are known to have photo-reactive properties and could cause reversible E/Z isomerization reactions under UV irradiation and heating conditions. We focused on investigating the structure of the acylhydrazone, which has an ortho-pyridine ring derivative. Compound PyAc (Pyridine N-Acylhydrazone) was synthesized for the first time, and reversible E/Z isomerization explanation via hydrogen bond through the pyridine ring has been presented in the literature. 1H NMR and Attached Proton Test (APT) NMR observed the behavior of compound PyAc under these conditions. Structural alterations of the PyAc towards UV light application were investigated by trapped ion mobility spectrometry-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (TIMS-TOF-MS) technique in the positive ion mode. Ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) analyses provided structural information on the monomeric and dimeric forms of PyAc with singly charged cations such as Li+, Na+, K+, and Ag+. These analyses demonstrated that the UV light application to PyAc induces structural alterations. The interactions of different metal cations with PyAc were provided to distinguish between bare and UV-irradiated PyAc in the gas phase