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In reply to the letter to the editor regarding 'battle of polymyxin induced nephrotoxicity: Polymyxin B versus colistin
No full textThe Role of Background Acoustic Stimuli in Dual Tasks: A Study on Postural Control Performance
No full textIntroduction: Performing everyday tasks requires the use of multiple cognitive, sensory, and emotional systems. The interference of different variables in these multitasking systems affects our motor-balance system. This study was conducted to investigate how acoustic stimuli presented during a cognitive-motor dual task affect postural control in healthy young adults. Methods: Fifty-four healthy participants (39 females, 15 males; total age 21.87 +/- 1.18, range 19-24) were randomly assigned to control (silent), noise (multi-talker babble), or music (Mozart-Jupiter) groups based on testing environment. During the Stroop test, conducted with acoustic stimuli, postural sway velocity was measured on firm and foam surfaces with eyes open. The dual-task effect was assessed using the Wilcoxon test, and group comparisons employed one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests. Independent t tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for two-group comparisons. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05 (Bonferroni-adjusted p<0.017). Results: The silent cognitive-motor dual task increased postural sway on firm (median increased from 0.18 to 0.26 deg/s) and foam (median increased from 0.21 to 0.32 deg/s) surfaces. Music did not significantly affect cognitive performance or postural sway compared to the control group. However, noise reduced postural sway on firm and foam surfaces compared to the control group but did not affect cognitive performance. There was no significant difference in average Stroop response times between the groups or between the firm and foam surface comparisons. Conclusions: During inhibitory control tasks, cognitive effort prioritized in young people in easy-to-balance situations. Background noise affects motor-cognitive interaction, highlighting its potential for enhancing vestibular rehabilitation strategies in multitasking and guiding future research
An Investigation into the Cognitive Developmental Stages and Scientific Reasoning Characteristics of Children Aged 7-11
No full textPotentially Overlooked Risk for Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Children: Montelukast Treatment
No full textBackground Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist commonly used in allergic diseases. In this study, we investigated the frequency, severity and risk factors for neuropsychiatric side effects and sleep disorders associated with montelukast in children. Method Children aged 6 months to 17 years prescribed montelukast for allergic rhinitis or asthma at 31 Paediatric Allergy and Immunology centres were enrolled in this cohort study. At enrollment, sociodemographic characteristics, prior diagnoses of neuropsychiatric diseases or sleep disorders, and indications for montelukast treatment were recorded, and the primary caregivers completed a baseline questionnaire about neuropsychiatric symptoms (insomnia, nightmares and depressed mood) of their children. All participants were followed up for 1 month, and a post-treatment follow-up questionnaire on neuropsychiatric symptoms was completed at the end of this period. Moreover, caregivers were instructed to contact the clinic if neuropsychiatric side effects or sleep disorders were observed during this period. Results Total of 1163 children were enrolled. There was a significant increase in the frequency of insomnia, nightmares, night terrors, drowsiness, behavioural problems, irritability, depressive mood, agitation, anxiety, hyperactivity, learning difficulties and headache during the 1 month period after montelukast treatment compared to the previous 1 month (p < 0.001 for all). Overall, caregiver reports of neuropsychiatric symptoms in children increased from 172 (14.8%) to 399 (34.3%) after 1 month of montelukast treatment (p < 0.001). Conclusions Montelukast treatment increases the risk of neuropsychiatric symptoms and sleep disorders in children with allergic diseases, especially if there is concomitant use of antihistamines
Okul Öncesi Çocuklarda Duygu Düzenleme ve Ebeveyn Tutumlarının Psikolojik Sağlamlık Üzerindeki Yordayıcı Rolü
No full textBu araştırma, 36-72 aylık okul öncesi dönemdeki çocukların duygu düzenleme becerileri, ebeveyn tutumları ve psikolojik sağlamlıkları arasındaki ilişkileri ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Ankara’da bulunan çeşitli okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarında öğrenim gören toplam 245 çocuk ile yürütülen çalışmada korelasyonel araştırma deseni kullanılmış ve elde edilen veriler hiyerarşik regresyon analizi yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları, çocukların psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyleri ile ebeveynlerinin benimsediği tutumlar ve çocukların duygu düzenleme becerileri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişkiler bulunduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Özellikle demokratik ebeveyn tutumları ile çocukların olumlu duygu düzenleme becerileri, psikolojik sağlamlıkla pozitif yönde ilişkilidir. Buna karşılık, otoriter ve aşırı koruyucu ebeveyn tutumları ile olumsuz duygu düzenleme becerileri psikolojik sağlamlıkla negatif yönde ilişki göstermiştir. Ayrıca, çocukların duygu düzenleme becerilerinin psikolojik sağlamlığın bazı alt boyutlarını anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı belirlenmiştir. Örneğin, çocukların özkontrol düzeyindeki değişimin %20.4’ü, görev yönelimi düzeyindeki değişimin %15.3’ü, duygusal istikrar düzeyindeki değişimin %24.5’i, atılganlık düzeyindeki değişimin %7.9’u, iletişim kurma düzeyindeki değişimin %11.5’i ve keşfetmeye yönelik ilgideki değişimin %8.3’ü duygu düzenleme becerileriyle açıklanabilmektedir. Bu bulgular, erken çocukluk döneminde ebeveyn tutumlarının ve duygu düzenleme becerilerinin çocukların psikolojik dayanıklılığı üzerinde belirleyici bir rol oynadığını göstermektedirThis study aims to examine the relationships among emotion regulation skills, parenting attitudes, and psychological resilience in children aged 36 to 72 months during the preschool period. The research was conducted with 245 children attending various preschool institutions in Ankara, using a correlational research design, and the data were analyzed through hierarchical regression analysis. The findings revealed statistically significant relationships between children's psychological resilience and both their parents' attitudes and their emotion regulation skills. In particular, democratic parenting attitudes and positive emotion regulation skills were positively associated with psychological resilience. On the other hand, authoritarian and overprotective parenting attitudes, as well as negative emotion regulation, were found to be negatively associated with psychological resilience. Moreover, children’s emotion regulation skills were found to significantly predict various subdimensions of psychological resilience. For example, emotion regulation accounted for 20.4% of the variance in self-control, 15.3% in task orientation, 24.5% in emotional stability, 7.9% in assertiveness, 11.5% in communication, and 8.3% in enjoyment of exploration. These findings indicate that parenting styles and children's ability to regulate emotions play a decisive role in supporting psychological resilience during early childhood