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A Comparison of Environmental Conditions and Municipal Environmental Services in Roma and Non-Roma Communities in Terms of Environmental Justice
No full textThis study examines environmental inequalities between Roma and non-Roma communities in K & imath;rklareli, T & uuml;rkiye, through the lens of environmental justice, emphasizing the role of environmental discrimination in reinforcing structural disadvantage. Using a cross-sectional quantitative design, survey data were collected from 405 individuals and analyzed with SPSS to compare socioeconomic conditions, environmental quality, access to municipal services, and knowledge of participatory mechanisms. The findings reveal that Roma communities experience substantial disadvantages, including lower educational attainment, higher unemployment, poorer access to basic utilities, and greater exposure to environmental health risks such as pollution and inadequate waste management. Furthermore, Roma participants reported significant gaps in awareness of environmental participation mechanisms, although many expressed willingness to engage if provided with appropriate opportunities. By systematically documenting environmental rights inequalities, this study makes a pioneering contribution to environmental justice and green social work in the Turkish context. It highlights the urgent need to integrate environmental justice principles into policymaking and social work practice to promote Roma inclusion. Future research is recommended to extend this framework to socially mixed neighborhoods and vulnerable groups-such as women, the elderly, people with disabilities, and children-to deepen understanding of the intersection between environmental and social inequalities
Bebek ve Çocuk Bakım Ürünlerinin Çevirisinde Kültürel Kodların Çeviri Sürecine Etkisi
No full textKozmetik sektörü geniş bir ürün yelpazesi sunarak küresel pazarda ekonomik açıdan önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Küreselleşme ile birlikte, bu sektördeki ürünlerin pazarı daha geniş coğrafyalara yayılmakta ve sosyal medya, özellikle Instagram gibi platformlar, pazarlama süreçlerinde etkili bir araç olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, reklam ve tanıtım metinlerinin çevirisi, küresel pazarda yer edinmek isteyen şirketler için merkezi bir konumdadır. Bu metinlerin çevirisinde farklı kültürler ve bu kültürle şekillenen hedef kitle ihtiyaçları, değerleri ve beklentileri söz konusu olduğundan, çeviri salt dilsel bir aktarımın ötesine geçmektedir. Küreselleşmeyle birlikte dijital pazarda reklam metinlerinin çevirisinde kültürlerarası bir süreç söz konusudur ve bu metinlerdeki kaynak iletinin hedef dil ve kültürün işlevsel amacına, kültürel referanslarına uygun olarak yeniden yaratılması ve uyarlanması gerekmektedir. Dolayısıyla çeviri, markanın imajının erek kitleyle bütünleşmesinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmada dijital pazarda önemli bir yere sahip olan bebek, çocuk, anne ve anne adaylarına yönelik ürünleriyle öne çıkan Fransız dermokozmetik markası Mustela'nın internet sayfalarının Fransızcadan Almanca ve Türkçeye çevirileri incelenecektir. Makalenin kuramsal çerçevesini Geert Hofstede’nin (1993) kültürel boyutlar kuramı ve Hugo Vandal-Sirois’in (2015) reklam metinlerinin uyarlanmasına yönelik analitik ve empatik okuma yaklaşımı oluşturmaktadır. Örnekler her üç dilde hem metin hem de metine eşlik eden görseller çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiş, çevirmenlerin kaynak içeriği hedef kültürün değer ve kültürel kodlarına uyarlamada başvurdukları stratejiler yorumlanmıştır. Çalışmanın bulguları kültürel farkları ortaya koyarken, markanın erek kültür tarafından benimsenmesinde çevirmenin hem görseller hem de metin içeriği bağlamında kaynak iletinin amacı ve işlevini hedef kültürün değerleri, beklentileri çerçevesinde yeniden ürettiği ve uyarladığı ortaya konmuştur. Bu bağlamda dijital pazarda çeviri hizmetlerinde çevirmenin dil, kültür ve pazarlama uzmanı gibi farklı yetkinlikleri işe koşmasının önemi vurgulanmıştır.The cosmetics industry plays a vital economic role in the global market through its broad product range. With globalization, these products reach wider geographical markets, and platforms such as Instagram have become key tools in digital marketing. In this landscape, the translation of advertising and promotional texts is crucial for companies aiming to establish or expand their global presence. Since such texts must resonate with audiences shaped by different cultural norms and values, translation becomes a culturally embedded act rather than a mere linguistic transfer. Translating advertisements in the digital era is inherently intercultural, requiring the recreation and adaptation of the source message to align with the cultural references, expectations, and communicative functions of the target audience. In this sense, translation contributes significantly to aligning a brand’s image with its target market. This study focuses on the French dermo-cosmetic brand Mustela, known for its products targeting babies, children, mothers, and expectant mothers. It analyzes translations of the brand’s French website into German and Turkish. The theoretical framework combines Geert Hofstede’s (1993) cultural dimensions theory with Hugo Vandal-Sirois’s (2015) analytic and empathic reading approach to the adaptation of advertising texts. Examples are examined in terms of both textual content and accompanying visuals, assessing the strategies used by translators to adapt content to local cultural values and expectations. Findings show that translation serves not only to transfer meaning but also to culturally reposition the message. Translators play a key role in reinterpreting the brand's intent and appeal to suit target audiences. The study highlights the importance of the translator acting as a cultural and marketing mediator in digital advertising, requiring expertise beyond language proficiency, including cultural sensitivity and market awareness
Bireyselleştirilmiş Bilgisayarlı Testler Üzerine Sistematik Bir Derleme
No full textBu araştırmanın amacı, Bireyselleştirilmiş Bilgisayarlı Testler (BBT) ile ilgili yapılmış çalışmaları sistematik bir derleme yöntemiyle incelemektir. Sistematik derleme kurallarına uygun olarak, 110 makale detaylı bir şekilde değerlendirilmiştir. Bu makaleler, her birinin amacı, sonuçları ve önerileri doğrultusunda analiz edilerek genel bir çıkarıma ulaşılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda, BBT’ler için yenilikçi yöntemlerin en fazla araştırılan alan olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Özellikle, madde seçim algoritmaları ve bilişsel tanı tabanlı BBT’ler gibi konular, bu yenilikçi yöntemler arasında öne çıkmaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, BBT’lerin yeni geliştirilen yöntemlerle testlerin doğruluğunu ve verimliliğini artırdığını göstermektedir. BBT’lerin, öğrencilerin bilgi seviyesine uygun, kısa ve etkili testler sunma konusundaki avantajları, farklı disiplinlerde uygulanabilirliği sağlama potansiyeli ve uzaktan eğitim platformları üzerinden geniş kitlelere ulaşma imkânı sunduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, BBT’lerin daha yaygın kabul edilmesi ve etkinliğinin artırılması için yazılım araçlarının geliştirilmesi ve kullanıcı tutumlarına yönelik daha fazla araştırma yapılması gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışma, BBT’lerin gelecekteki potansiyel gelişim alanlarını belirleyerek, eğitimde kişiselleştirilmiş değerlendirme sistemlerinin etkinliğini artırmayı hedeflemektedir.The aim of this research is to systematically review studies related to Computerized Adaptive Testing (CAT). Following systematic review guidelines, 110 articles were evaluated to seek answers to the established questions. These articles were analyzed based on their objectives, results, and recommendations, leading to a general conclusion. The compiled articles highlighted that innovative methods for CAT emerged as the most researched area. Within these innovative methods, the most studied topics were item selection algorithms and cognitive diagnosis computerized adaptive testing (CD-CAT). The results indicate that CAT enhances the accuracy and efficiency of tests through newly developed methods. It has been determined that CAT facilitates the provision of short and effective tests tailored to students' knowledge levels, ensures applicability across various disciplines, and offers the opportunity to reach large audiences through remote education platforms. The study concludes that to promote wider acceptance of CAT and increase its effectiveness, there is a need for the development of software tools and research focused on user attitudes. This study aims to identify potential future development areas for CAT, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of personalized assessment systems in education
Postural Technique Applications Used in Swallowing Rehabilitation: A Review Study
No full textSwallowing disorder is defined as a condition resulting from disruptions or abnormalities occurring at any phase of the swallowing mechanism. In swallowing rehabilitation; airway protection techniques, sensory stimulation methods, exercise approaches, manual techniques, behavioural therapy approaches, caregiver training, telerehabilitation are used. One of the most commonly used therapeutic and compensatory methods in airway protection is postural techniques. The aim of postural techniques is to ensure or increase the efficiency and safety of swallowing by changing the bolus flow rate and direction with short-term changes in swallowing anatomy or physiology. Postural techniques can be used as exercises with defined protocols and introduced to patients at different stages of rehabilitation. Postural techniques can be used for purposes such as reducing the residue, changing the direction of food flow to the intact side, ensuring food delivery, reducing or preventing aspiration according to the needs of the patient and may lead to different results in each patient. In order to understand the place and importance of postural techniques in swallowing rehabilitation, future studies on how they work in different pathologies and conditions are needed. The aim of this review is to emphasise the importance of postural techniques by reviewing the current literature and to provide ideas for future studies.</jats:p
Breaking online language learning barriers: the effects of Experience-Based Cyclical E-Curriculum Design on learners' vocational second language performance and learning experiences
No full textExperiential learning and online learning platforms are increasingly being recognized as important in contemporary vocational language education and research. However, vocational language education has been criticized for its lack of connection with current technological developments. To address this issue, the study aims to determine the effects of "Experience-Based Cyclical E-Curriculum Design" on learners' vocational second language performance and language learning experiences. The study utilized a design-based research approach. Quantitative data from the Vocational Second Language Skills Assessment Test were analyzed using ANCOVA, and qualitative data from Reflection Form were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin's coding technique. The results indicate that the experiential learning curriculum, developed using the E-Curriculum Design framework, had a positive impact on learners' vocational second language performance and vocational second language learning experiences. Thus, this study suggests that E-Curriculum Design, when integrated with an online learning environment, can effectively support learners in constructing knowledge through practical experience
Association between air pollution and climate parameters exposure during the periconceptional period and hypospadias risk in Turkish offspring: A case-control study
No full textWe aimed to investigate the associations between hypospadias and contact to air pollutants and climate parameters during the pre- and post-conceptional periods. This study has been carried out as a multicentre case-control study involving 340 children with hypospadias between the ages of 0-3 years and 357 children in the same age range who applied for circumcision. A total of 7 air pollutant (PM2.5, PM10, NO, NO2, SO2, CO, O-3), 5 climate parameters [air temperature, relative humidity (RH), air pressure (AP), wind speed (WS) and precipitation amounts data were obtained. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, younger maternal age (reference: >35 years) and maternal smoking (reference: no exposure) were significantly associated with a higher likelihood of hypospadias. Conversely, folic acid supplementation intake during pregnancy (reference: no supplementation) and maternal BMI in the range of 25-30 (reference: <25) were associated with a lower likelihood of its occurrence. After adjusting for child-family characteristics, increased interquartile ranges (IQR) of CO, mean temperature, minimum temperature, RH, and AP were positively associated with hypospadias, whereas SO2 levels and diurnal temperature range (DTR) were inversely associated. Comprehensive analysis of individual and environmental factors further highlighted that younger maternal age, smoking exposure, PM10, and air pressure were positively associated with hypospadias, while a greater DTR was inversely associated. Younger maternal age, smoking exposure, and specific air pollutants, such as PM10 and CO, as well as climatic factors like AP, were positively associated with hypospadias. These findings underscore the importance of mitigating environmental exposures and promoting maternal health interventions to reduce the risk of congenital anomalies like hypospadias. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm these associations and explore underlying mechanisms
Argümantasyon ve İki Dilliliğin Argümantasyon Üzerine Etkisi
No full textÇalışmamızın amacı, argümantasyon ile iki dillilik arasındaki ilişkiyi birikimsel ve bilişsel özelliklerin argümantasyon üzerine etkisi bağlamında ele almaktadır. Argümantasyon,“doğru” bilgiye ulaşmanın yanı sıra ikna etme ve uzlaşı sağlama amaçlarıyla gündelik hayatta sıklıkla başvurulan bir mekanizma olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu esnada mevcut bilgilerin mantık süzgecinden geçirilmesiyle amaca yönelik bir akıl yürütme gerçekleştirilmesi söz konusudur. Mevcut bilgiler, dile ve argümantasyon yapısına yönelik bilginin yanında evrensel ve yerel bilgi türlerini içermekteyken; amaç kişinin içinde bulunduğu durumu bireysel açıdan değerlendirip kendini konumlandırması sonucu duruma yönelik aldığı tutuma işaret etmektedir. Bireysel bilgi birikiminin ve durumsallığın getirisi olarak amaçların değişkenlik göstermesi gündelik hayatta yapılan çıkarımların veya öne sürülen iddiaların ve temellendirmelerin dayanak noktalarının farklılık göstermesi sonucunu doğurmaktadır. Bu durum, benzer konular üzerine yürütülen tartışmalarda bilimsel bilgiler, kişisel özellikler, duygusal deneyimler, örnek olaylar, kültürel değerler, toplumsal kabuller gibi farklı kaynaklara göndermelerde bulunulmasının arkasında yatan nedeni anlaşılır kılmaktadır. Konu iki dillilik açısından ele alındığında farklı bir boyut kazanmaktadır. İki veya daha fazla dilsel ve kültürel alanda gelişimini sürdüren kişiler bu yönleriyle tek dillilerden ayrılmaktadır. İki dilliliğin getirisi olan dile, argümantasyon yapısına, dil dolayımıyla edinilen tüm bilgiye dair birikimin yanında akıl yürütmeyle ilgili olan bilişsellik boyutuyla argümantasyon ile iki dillilik arasındaki ilişki araştırmaya değer bir noktaya taşınmaktadır.The aim of our study is to examine the relationship by focusing on the impact of both cognitive and experiential (cumulative) factors on argumentative ability in bilingual individuals. Argumentation emerges as a frequently utilized mechanism in daily life—not only for reaching “truthful” knowledge but also for persuading others and achieving mutual understanding. In this process, existing knowledge is filtered through logical reasoning to support purpose-driven thinking. The knowledge involved extends beyond linguistic and argumentative structures, encompassing both universal and context-specific information. The aim, in this context, refers to the individual’s assessment of their own situation and the stance they adopt based on this self-positioning. As personal knowledge and contextual factors influence one’s goals, this results in variability in how claims are constructed and justified in everyday reasoning. Consequently, it becomes evident why discussions on similar topics may reference diverse sources such as scientific knowledge, personal traits, emotional experiences, case examples, cultural values, or societal norms. When viewed through the lens of bilingualism, the issue takes on a new dimension. Individuals who navigate and develop across two or more linguistic and cultural domains differ significantly from monolinguals in this regard. The cognitive and linguistic resources afforded by bilingualism—including knowledge about language, argumentation, and reasoning acquired through language—highlight a compelling relationship between bilingualism and argumentation. This relationship merits further exploration, particularly in terms of how accumulated experience and cognitive capacities influence argumentative practices.</p
