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Maternal Perception and Childhood Overweight: Examining Parenting Styles and Eating Behaviors Among Preschoolers: A Cross-Sectional Study from Samsun, Türkiye
No full textBackground: Accurate maternal perceptions of children's weight status are crucial for early childhood obesity prevention, with evidence suggesting that maternal misperception may delay timely interventions. This study investigated the accuracy of maternal perceptions of child weight and examined associations with parenting styles and children's eating behaviors and demographic factors among preschool-aged children in Samsun, T & uuml;rkiye. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 318 mother-child pairs recruited from preschools in socio-economically diverse areas of Samsun. Maternal perceptions of child weight status were assessed using a visual scale, while children's anthropometric measurements (height, weight) were recorded to calculate BMI-for-age Z-scores. Parenting styles and children's eating behaviors were evaluated using the Parental Attitude Scale (PAS) and the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ), respectively. Data analysis involved chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression to explore associations between maternal perception accuracy, parenting styles, and children's eating behaviors. Results: Among 318 mother-child pairs, 59.7% underestimated their child's weight status, with this figure being 84.9% among overweight children. Authoritative parenting was the most common style (78%); no significant association was found between parenting style and maternal perception accuracy. Accurate estimators showed significantly higher scores for food responsiveness (median: 9 (7-12), p = 0.028) and the enjoyment of food (mean: 16.3 +/- 4.8, p = 0.003), whereas underestimators scored higher for satiety responsiveness (mean: 23.2 +/- 5.7, p = 0.042) and slowness in eating (mean: 11.2 +/- 4.2, p = 0.004). Conclusions: Maternal underestimations of child weight are prevalent, particularly for overweight children, are associated with children's specific eating behaviors. Targeted educational interventions focusing on improving maternal awareness and promoting responsive feeding practices are essential to combat childhood obesity
IPNA consensus definitions for clinical trial outcomes in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome
No full textAssessment of the true impact of therapeutic interventions is a challenge in the absence of universal, standardized definitions for clinical trial endpoints in children with kidney diseases. Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is a difficult kidney disease to treat, with unremitting disease progressing to kidney failure. Currently, available therapies result in suboptimal cure rates. Clinical trials with innovative, targeted treatments will likely be conducted for this disease in the foreseeable future. An international consortium of the IPNA Best Practices and Standards Committee and the Pediatric Nephrology Expert Group of the conect4children (c4c) network developed through consensus, standardized, internationally acceptable definitions for trial outcomes for SRNS. The endpoint definitions were formulated for use with urine protein to creatinine ratios and estimated glomerular filtration rates. Definitions of complete remission, partial remission, non-remission of disease, reduction in proteinuria, kidney disease progression, kidney failure, and composite kidney outcome were refined using an iterative process until a consensus was achieved
The vaccination acceptance, confidence, and conviction on influenza in the Middle East, Eurasia, and Africa among healthcare providers (VACCIMENA-HCP) project 2023: Determinants of vaccination behavior
No full textObjectives: Annual vaccination is the most effective way to prevent and control the health and economic burden of seasonal influenza. Healthcare providers (HCPs) play a crucial role in vaccine acceptance and patient advocacy. This study aimed to explore the barriers and drivers of HCPs' vaccine acceptance and advocacy for the vaccination of their patients in countries in the Middle East, Eurasia, and Africa. Methods: Healthcare providers from 10 countries (Azerbaijan, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Nigeria, Pakistan, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, and T & uuml;rkiye) were surveyed using opportunity sampling between 20th December 2022, and 1st March 2023. The previously developed motors of influenza vaccination acceptance (MoVac-Flu) and engagement with vaccination advocacy (MovAd) scales were used. Results: In the final sample of 721 responses, Russia was the leading country, enrolling 37% of all respondents. Sentiment cluster profiles were labeled as "engaged " or "hesitant " and "confident " or "diffident. " Overall, 28% demonstrated hesitancy and 30.5% demonstrated diffident sentiments toward self-vaccination behavior. HCPs exhibited very low rates of routine vaccination and infrequent advocacy of seasonal influenza vaccinations. In contrast, those who felt engaged with influenza vaccination were more likely to be vaccinated themselves and found it easier to incorporate influenza vaccination in their practice. Those who felt engaged in influenza vaccination also felt more confident in advocating for it than those who felt hesitant. The evidence suggests that the strength of the relationship between engagement and confidence varies across countries. Conclusions: This study provides insights into the behavioral patterns of HCPs regarding their own influenza vaccination and advocacy for patient vaccination. Cluster membership was a strong predictor of vaccination behaviors and attitudes, although regional differences were observed. For hesitant and diffident HCPs, tailored strategies to increase awareness and empower them regarding vaccines and vaccine-preventable diseases are crucial
A phase I/II study of CpG/alum-adjuvanted mammalian-derived quadruple antigen carrying virus-like particle COVID-19 vaccine
No full textBackground: Waning Spike-elicited immunity and emerging COVID-19 variants underscore the need for vaccines leveraging multiple SARS-CoV-2 antigens, rapidly adaptable to evolving strains. Herein, we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of a CpG ODN-adjuvanted, alum-adsorbed, virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine displaying the hexaproline stabilized Spike (S) protein and the Nucleocapsid, Membrane, and Envelope proteins of SARS-CoV-2. Methods: In phase 1 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation trial, participants (N = 38, aged 18-59) received two subcutaneous injections of either 10 mu g or 40 mu g of VLP or placebo, 21 days apart. The primary and secondary objectives of the study was to evaluate the safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity, respectively. In the double blind, multi-center phase-2 study, participants (N = 349, aged 18-55) were randomized into three cohorts receiving two doses of 40 mu g VLPs displaying Wuhan-Spike, Alpha-Spike, or a combination. The primary and secondary objectives were humoral, and cell mediated immunogenicity (CMI) and safety, respectively. Antibody responses were analyzed using ELISA while ELIspot and CBA assays were used to assess the CMI. Results: The VLP vaccine demonstrated a good safety profile, with 255 non-serious adverse events in phase 1 and 308 in phase 2. Five serious AEs were reported in phase 2, all of which were resolved completely. The VLP vaccine, in phase 2, was well-tolerated, elicited moderate but sustained anti-S and anti-N antibody titers for 180 days and induced T-helper-1 biased cellular responses in participants. Conclusions: The VLP platform is rapidly adaptable to accommodate stabilized Spike proteins from emerging variants and inclusion of other structural SARS-CoV-2 proteins could broaden the breadth of T cell-mediated immunity. ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT04818281 and NCT04962893
Common Drug-Drug and Drug-Food Interactions in Antineoplastic Agents: A short update review
No full textNovel benzohydrazide derivative as a potential anticarcinogenic agent for breast cancer: Synthesis, crystal structure, in vitro and in silico assessments
No full textPolycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) are a class of organic molecules known for their significant biological activity, including anticancer properties. These compounds often interact with biological macromolecules, making them crucial in the development of new therapeutic agents. In this study, we report a new benzohydrazide derivative, (E)-4-(hexyloxy)-N'-(1-(naphthalen-2-yl)ethylidene)benzohydrazide (2), which incorporates a naphthalene ring, a typical PAC, as a core structural element. The structure of the compound was analyzed using FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analysis. Moreover, single crystal X-ray crystallography studies demonstrated that the compound adapted monoclinic crystal system with C 2/c space group. In the crystal structure, the intermolecular N-H & sdot;& sdot;& sdot;O hydrogen bonds link the molecules into infinite chains along the b-axis direction. The dominant interactions formed in the crystal packing were found to be hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions according to the Hirshfeld surface (HS) analysis. The evaluation of energy frameworks showed that stabilization of the compound was dominated by dispersion energy contribution. The anticancer activity of the compound was tested by employing several cellular assays. The compound showed strong anticancer effects, with IC50 values of 85 mu M for MCF7 cells and 115 mu M for MDA-MB-231 cells, indicating dosedependent suppression of cell viability, migration, and colony formation. Computational analyses indicated favorable binding of compound 2 to ERR gamma and predicted good oral availability of the generated compound. Pathway analysis using KEGG pathways identified significant enrichment in pathways related to cancer. These results highlight the compound's promise as a potential treatment option for breast cancer, prompting further exploration in future studies
Yapay Zeka Çağında Büyük Güç Rekabeti 2.0: Ulusal Güvenlik, İstihbarat Liderliği ve Yeni Teknolojilere Dayalı Karar Alma
No full textComments on "Analysis of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer given neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy with or without RT dose intensification: A multicenter retrospective study <inverted exclamation> ATLANTIS part I"
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The effectiveness of 3d printing technology course on attitudes of occupational therapy students-a controlled study
No full textThere is interest in three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, but views on the integration of these technologies into business and education vary. It is crucial to determine how the introduction of new technologies will impact the attitudes of occupational therapy undergraduate students. Hence, the purpose of this study is to examine the effect of using this technology in the assistive technology (AT) lesson on the attitudes and acceptance of technology among students. This study was designed as a non-randomized controlled pretest and posttest control group study. The intervention group consisted of second-year undergraduate students (n = 50) enrolled in a compulsory "AT course," while the control group consisted of third-year undergraduate students (n = 41) who had completed the AT course in the previous academic year. The intervention involved participants attending a 3D printing course in combination with an 8-week AT course. A Modified Technology Acceptance Model (M-TAM) questionnaire was used to assess students' acceptance of 3D printing technology. The related study observed that experiencing and practicing new technologies, such as 3D printing and modeling course in the intervention group AT lesson effectively increased the acceptability of these new technologies that students encountered. The pre-post test analysis of the intervention group was statistically significant in all categories of the M-TAM questionnaire (p < 0.05). Compared to the control group, the effect size was small and moderate in all categories (p < 0.05). This course has increased student acceptance of this technology. Future studies should examine the long-term effects of such courses on student attitudes