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English as a Lingua Franca and its Impact on Willingness to Communicate in a Second Language
Full text linkAccelerating globalization has created an interest in studying the use of different languages in intercultural communication. This paper is based upon a small-scale study of expatriates’ use of English as a lingua franca in Denmark and Germany. It discusses expatriates’ use of English as a lingua franca and its influence on their willingness to communicate in the target language. The participants come from both European and non-European countries, and they all know English. They live temporarily in a foreign country whose target language is new to them. Besides illustrating the dynamic nature of English as a lingua franca, the findings show how its role in the participants’ willingness to communicate in the target language is influenced by their attitude, communicative competence, point of view, position in society and social situation. The study comprises quantitative and qualitative data. It is limited to a short time span. Future research could focus upon possible changes over longer time spans
Harnessing AI to Redefine Brand Archetype Strategies: Insights from Industry Experts
Full text linkThe rapidly growing global Artificial intelligence (AI) market highlights the significant and transformative impact AI is having across numerous domains. In marketing, AI enables brands to revolutionize communication strategies and enhance consumer engagement through personalized experiences and data-driven decisions. However, the current focus on efficiency often overlooks the psychological aspects of branding, essential for building meaningful consumer relationships. This paper explores the integration of AI with Jungian brand archetypes, emphasizing AI's potential to amplify psychological triggers within these archetypes, thereby deepening consumer engagement and brand loyalty. Through qualitative research, including interviews with marketing experts, the study examines how AI-driven strategies can enhance the resonance of brand narratives by aligning them with consumers' archetypal aspirations. The findings reveal that AI's ability to analyze consumer behavior allows for the creation of personalized and emotionally compelling brand narratives. While AI enhances personalization, concerns about authenticity and ethics remain. This research contributes to the evolving discourse on AI in marketing by proposing a framework that integrates AI with psychological branding strategies, offering insights for marketers to create more meaningful and enduring brand-consumer relationships
The Betrayal of Human Dignity: Lebanon’s Government and the Devastating Economic Crisis
Full text linkOn December 10, 2023, we celebrated the 75th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). This document has been a cornerstone for countless countries to develop the legal frameworks and systems needed to secure women’s rights, children’s rights, the right to asylum, education, and an adequate standard of living. However, human dignity in the small Mediterranean country of Lebanon seems to be betrayed by its government and by the devastating economic crisis compounded by war. The case of Lebanon involves an intricate crisis of complex layers: vanishing foreign reserves, capital controls, lollars, dire public debt, and extravagant deficits, resulting in widespread poverty in the land of billionaires. While these layers have trampled many human rights, we will focus on their impact on the economic rights indispensable for human dignity. Furthermore, the purpose of this paper is to stimulate conversations on the protection and promotion of the rights of the Lebanese people. We hope the recommendations outlined here will encourage key players in Lebanon and internationally to implement the needed actions and changes to secure the rights outlined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Assessment of Reading via AI-Led Oral Conversations: Challenges and Benefits
Full text linkThis study explores integrating an artificial intelligence tool into English as a Foreign Language (EFL) reading assignment, with a focus on on participants’ experiences with AI-facilitated conversations about academic passages. Thirty participants engaged with the tool through both written and spoken interactions based on AI-generated questions. Analysis of journal entries and interview responses revealed that participants valued the tool for enhancing engagement, providing immediate feedback, and facilitating critical thinking and speaking practice. However, challenges such as limited understanding, technical issues, and privacy concerns were noted. The findings suggest that chatbots can effectively supplement classroom interactions by offering pre- and post-class conversations about readings. Future research should refine AI tool design and implementation to better meet learners’ needs and investigate the impact on reading achievement and written work assessment
Assessing the Accuracy of Automated Writing Evaluation in Predicting English Language Arts Proficiency for Middle-Grade English Language Learners and Non-English Language Learners
Full text linkThis study examines the accuracy of fall, winter, and spring benchmark writing assessments, scored by the MI Write automated writing evaluation system, for predicting non-proficiency on the Smarter Balanced ELA assessment. This study considers how grade level, seasonality, and language status influence classification accuracy using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. The results indicate that MI Write demonstrated acceptable overall classification accuracy, with the strongest performance among non-ELLs and Grade 7 students. However, accuracy was more inconsistent for ELLs. Across all grades and subgroups, the d-based cutpoints consistently provided the best balance between sensitivity and specificity. Implications for adopting AI-based assessment systems within the middle grades are discussed
Pre-Service Language Teachers’ Perceptions and Applications of Generative AI for Future Teaching
Full text linkThe rapid advancement of generative AI, along with other digital technologies, is drastically changing the needs of language learning students and teachers. This classroom-based exploratory study focused on pre-service language teachers in a professional development program and investigated their perceptions of ChatGPT’s affordances, the competencies necessary to use ChatGPT effectively, and how they incorporate these affordances into their pedagogical task designs to foster those competencies, specifically in the context of academic writing. The study found that the pre-service teachers became less positive about ChatGPT’s affordances after gaining more experience using it in their academic writing. The necessary competencies that they identified showed different patterns according to their own writing proficiency; those with lower proficiency primarily focused on evaluative competencies (cognitively higher-level competencies), whereas those with higher writing proficiency expressed more holistic views encompassing various levels of competencies, including basic language skills. However, the pre-service teachers, regardless of their proficiency levels, appeared to encounter difficulty transitioning from viewing the use of ChatGPT from a student’s perspective to a teacher’s perspective. Their pedagogical task designs reflected challenges in using ChatGPT for their students’ learning, rather than in learning, which highlighted the need for fostering such pedagogical strategies in professional development programs
AI and writing (1st edition), by Sidney I. Dobrin
Full text linkGenerative AI has upended the world of composition pedagogy; even AI’s most ardent critics must acknowledge that access to generative AI platforms, such as ChatGPT, has fundamentally changed academic writing. Embracing this change, Sidney I. Dobrin of the University of Florida has composed an introductory textbook to AI-assisted writing, titled AI and Writing (Broadview Press, 2023). In the book’s preface, Dobrin promises to "demystify GenAI for students” and assist them in integrating AI tools into the writing process. The end results of this project, however, are decidedly mixed; while AI and Writing is thoughtfully composed and undoubtedly engaging, it is lacking in terms of practical instruction and is already beginning to show its age
The Effect of Consumer Innovation, Service Innovation and Customer Brand Identification on Customer Participation Behaviors and Customer Citizenship Behaviors
Full text linkIn recent years, marketing research has shifted from viewing customers as passive buyers to recognizing them as active participants in value creation, making the study of customer behaviors in this process increasingly important. This study aims to analyze the relationships among customer engagement, consumer innovativeness, organizational innovativeness, and brand identification, and how these factors influence customer participatory and citizenship behaviors. Data were collected from 384 residents of three-, four-, and five-star hotels in Isfahan, Shiraz, and Mashhad using a questionnaire. The results indicate that customer engagement, consumer innovativeness, organizational innovativeness, and brand identification from the customer’s perspective have a significant impact on customer citizenship and participation behaviors in hotels. This study demonstrates that innovativeness, customer identification, and engagement significantly enhance participation and citizenship behaviors, establishing an integrated behavioral model for the Iranian hotel industry. Hotel managers should strengthen customer identification, engagement, and innovation capabilities to effectively increase customer co-creation and supportive behaviors
Predicting an Impact of Solvency on the SDGS Disclosure in LQ-45 Firm Indonesia Stock Exchange Period of 2021-2023
Full text linkThis study focuses on predicting the impact of solvency on the disclosure of SDGs by Indonesian firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) at the LQ-45 Index from 2021 to 2023. This study takes a positivist method, with a quantitative approach. Subsequently, study documentation and content analysis tools were employed to gather the research findings, specifically examining the link between the determination of SDGs disclosure. Collecting data for this study utilizing the content analysis method by scoring computed from every firm’s sustainability reporting (SR) disclosures in annual reports (audited). SDGs can be used as a standard for measuring sustainability reporting. Measuring the level of sustainability reporting using 17 SDGs components using the score method. The content analysis used a Ratio scale. Data processing was done using the Microsoft Excel application to create a template for content analysis. The summary in this study inferred that: (1) There is no impact of solvency with Debt-to-Asset Ratio (DAR) on the SDGs disclosure positively. (2) There is no impact of solvency with Debt-to-Equity Ratio (DER) on the SDGs disclosure negatively. (3) Firm size is examined as a control variable for solvency about the DAR and DER on SDGs disclosure. (4) Only 6.9 percent contribution of Solvency to predict the SDGs disclosure
Relationship between the Legal Framework and Regional Development in Mexico
Full text linkThis paper examines the relationship between the legal framework and regional development in Mexico, evaluating how laws and regulations affect corruption perception, citizen participation, and state economic growth. Significant interactions between these variables were identified through advanced statistical methods, such as Granger causality analysis, VAR and Gradient Boosting models. The findings indicated that a solid legal framework reduces corruption perception and fosters citizen participation. However, its direct influence on economic growth was mediated by structural factors and observed over the long term. Moreover, economic growth appears to have a two-way effect, facilitating the improvement of the legal framework. It is concluded that a robust legal framework is essential for effective governance and sustainable regional development, highlighting the importance of public policies aimed at institutional strengthening and social cohesion