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Design, Validation and Reliability Assessment of the Person-Organization Fit Questionnaire
Get PDFThe concept of person-organization fit gained momentum in the domain of organizational behavior in the late 1980s and early 1990s, but it can probably be dated back to Argyris’s claims (1957) that people’s organizational behaviors are rooted in person-organization interactions. This idea led Schneider (1987) to propose the attraction-selection-attrition (ASA) model. Later, Jennifer Chatman (1991) introduced this model as person-organization fit in the form of the compatibility of personal and organizational values. Finally, Kristof (1996) provided a more complete person-organization fit model in the form of supplementary and complementary fit. The present study was conducted to design, validate and assess the reliability of the Person-Organization Fit Questionnaire. The data collection methods included library research, questionnaires and interviews. The data collection instruments included un-structured questionnaires and interviews in the qualitative part and structured questionnaires in the quantitative part. In the qualitative part, 17 experienced professors, managers and banking experts were selected through judgmental sampling until theoretical data saturation occurred. In the quantitative part, 255 bank personnel were selected via cluster sampling using Sample Power software. Data analysis in the qualitative part consisted of creating 80 different preliminary codes from the interviews in MAXQDA, based on which the preliminary questionnaire was then designed after checking its content validity and reliability and applying the necessary modifications. Finally, after pre-processing and assessing the construct validity (convergent and divergent), and upon eliminating the items without construct validity, the data obtained were divided into ten categories, which were named with the help of the qualitative part, research literature and expert feedback. The Person-Organization Fit Questionnaire was thus designed and validated and its reliability was measured with four dimensions, ten components and 29 indices. This study proposed two new components, namely “leadership style”, with three indices, and “organization maturity”, with two indices. In this research, 52 preliminary codes were obtained from the interviews with experts and 28 codes from the literature review. All these 28 preliminary codes were iterated in the interviews by the experts. In other words, in the qualitative part, all the codes obtained from the literature review were in line with the experts’ opinions
Understanding the Ergonomics of Attrition
Get PDFAlthough the paradigm of problems and their solutions are vastly diverse in business organizations, yet this paper focuses on two specific but important issues relating employee empowerment to their efficiency that are tied to higher attrition rates in some companies that are of much concern to senior managements. The causes are modelled and explained. The causes often relate to faulty and inadequate employee empowerment and motivation systems in place. This paper attempts to address two unique problems associated with workforce learning and organizational empowerment that could be solved using knowledge management approaches. These are: i. What causes high attrition and reduced performance? ii. What changes in organizational learning structures should be implemented to address these problems? A mathematical model has been designed based on which axiomatic inferences have been derived to explain the problems and seek strategic solutions for the same. Our findings suggest that organizations must do more to support and promote employee empowerment by looking categorically into the problem issues that affect overall organizational efficiency. We hope our model successfully helps to elucidate the problem explained insofar in this research by addressing the core issues that define such problem statements. Organizations should strive to develop strategic tools to handle problems of employee attrition that are often the result of lack of oversight, and implementation of poorly executed strategies
Challenges in Language Testing around the World: Insights for Language Test Users
Get PDFLanguage testing has developed as a field that broadly extends to educational, societal and economic contexts (Yildiz, 2019). However, the past edited volumes grappling with the main themes in language testing are primarily exclusive and typically limited. Most insights are either heavily dominant to Western English-speaking countries or focused on problem resolutions. There is rarely any publication that unveils human infallibilities or misinterpretations in various contexts across countries. To address these gaps, Betty Lanteigne, Christine Coombe, and James Dean Brown jointly co-edit this book. These renowned scholars aim to focus on a broader view of conventional policy, test development, practice, and research. Against this backdrop, the insights-driven can be more meaningful and applicable to wider audiences. Indeed, this is an extraordinary book that highlights multiple perspectives in terms of choosing the authors, themes, and chapters
Teaching Foreign Languages to Learners with Dyslexia in Greece: An Overview of Theory and Practice
Get PDFThe present article summarizes various aspects of teaching foreign languages to learners with dyslexia. In particular, although it is a matter examined broadly around the world, in Greece there are few references and limited research in this field. Furthermore, the lack of foreign language teachers' training in the field of specific learning difficulties in Greece is also examined. In this article, we refer to first language and foreign language(s) acquisition and focus on the situation in Greece, where the first foreign language taught in schools is English and the second foreign language is either German or French. Furthermore, we examine the mechanisms of (second) foreign language acquisition as well as the factors that influence this process. Additionally, we consider the appropriate time to start learning a foreign language, as well as various reading and spelling difficulties that the learners with dyslexia face during this process. A very dominant factor that influences learners with dyslexia and causes difficulties in reading and spelling is the phonological awareness (phonemic awareness and syllable awareness). Due to the cross-linguistic transfer of this skill, we mention ways to improve phonological awareness skills in the first language and in the foreign language(s)
The Role of Digital Storytelling in EFL Students’ Writing Skill and Motivation
Get PDFDigital storytelling (DST) is one of the areas which has entered the field of foreign language education and has proved to be beneficial in learning different language skills. However, it remains underexplored whether and how DST can affect learners’ writing skill and motivation to write. The present study sought to investigate the impact of DST on young EFL learners’ writing skill and motivation to write through mixing quantitative and qualitative research methods. The data were collected through pre- and post-tests of writing and interviews from 22 EFL learners. The learners were asked to create digital stories based on the pre-taught topics, vocabulary, and structures in their course book within a 10-week implementation process. In addition, structured interviews were carried out to investigate the impact of DST on the learners’ motivation. The result was a proof to the efficiency of DST in improving the learners’ writing skill. Also, the thematic analysis of the interview data indicated that employing DST had a positive impact on young EFL learners’ attitude toward writing and increased their motivation. The primary takeaway from this study is that DST can provide a more favourable and enjoyable teaching context to instruct writing to EFL learners
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism and Burnout among Foreign Language Learners: The Role of Shame and Self-Esteem
Get PDFGiven the dearth of research on the association between perfectionism in general and socially prescribed perfectionism (SPP) in particular and learning burnout among English as a foreign language (EFL) learners, the present research set to examine the link between SPP and language learning burnout under the effects of self-esteem and shame emotion simultaneously. Accordingly, 244 university EFL learners were recruited conveniently. They were administered adapted self-reported questionnaires. The data analysis was done through SPSS, AMOS, and Process Macro. The findings of SEM analysis showed that SPP and shame were positively related to burnout. Further, self-esteem could negatively predict burnout. There was also a negative relationship between shame and self-esteem. The findings of mediation analysis also indicated that both self-esteem and shame significantly mediated the impact of SPP on burnout. Theoretical and practical implications were presented and suggestions were provided for further research
Marketing Strategies in the Development of the Halal Products and Services Industry
Get PDFA marketing strategy is a plan that helps a business sell and promote a product or service. The modern world is so diverse and rapidly changing that companies need to constantly adapt to the environment and create conditions for product promotion. Halal products are not new to European countries, but many consumers treat them as exotic, yet they are still interested in consuming them. The combination of approaches to developing marketing strategies and studying the specifics of halal product promotion is the basis of the research topic. Accordingly, the goal is to assess the current state of distribution of halal products in Europe and the world as a whole, as well as to develop recommendations for the application of marketing strategies for halal producers. The study found that in the future, the volume of production and sales of halal products will increase, and producers need to adapt their marketing strategies to market conditions. It is the recommendations on the adaptation of the main marketing strategies for halal producers that were developed in the course of the study. 
Cognitive Style and Personality in Fraud Detection: Experimental Study on Government Internal Auditors
Get PDFThis study aims to examine the perception of responsibility for detecting fraud in government internal auditors. This research is important to know the intrinsic factor of the auditor in his responsibility to detect fraud. These factors are the cognitive style and personality of the auditor. Personality is the novelty of this research based on the triangle model of responsibility. This study used an experimental design on 75 internal auditors of the South Sumatra provincial government. The results of this study are expected to be useful for scientific development in the field of accounting, especially public sector auditing. The results showed that the internal auditor with the field independent cognitive style had a higher level of perceived responsibility than the field dependent style in detecting fraud. Meanwhile, either a tolerant or intolerant of ambiguity of personality does not show a significant difference in detecting fraud for auditors. The benefit of the research results is that it can increase the preference for internal auditors in increasing competence in the task of detecting fraud
Effects of Risk Taking on the Market Share of SMEs in Ado-odo/Ota, Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria
Get PDFIn Nigeria, small and medium‐sized businesses are often regarded as a powerful engine for economic growth and development. Small businesses must take measured risks in order to grow their market share. For SMEs to build a robust market share there is need for calculated risk taking. Hence, this study examined the effect of risk taking on market share of selected SMEs in Ado‐odo/Ota, Ogun state. This survey included 153 respondents who were either firm owners, managers, supervisors, or employees of selected SMEs. The frequency distribution table and the multiple regression technique were used in SPSS version 23 for the analysis. According to the findings, more than half of the SMEs (115, 77.2 %) have only been in business for less than five years and are predominantly (52, 34.9%) in the age range 33‐37. The data also demonstrate that there is a link between taking risks and a small business's market share. The R‐value was 0.58, indicating that the risk indicators used in the study explained 58 % of the variation in the outcome variable. The F‐statistic was 18.3; P=0.000, according to the ANOVA table. This suggests that the four risk indicators have a huge impact on market share when taken together. Among the four factors, willingness to pursue a promising new strategy (t-statistic= 7.8; p 0.01) and ability to foster a risk‐taking culture in the workplace (t‐statistic = 2.2; p0.05) had the greatest impact on employee satisfaction
Strategies to Increase Exports of Wine Companies of the Valle de Guadalupe Region in Baja California, México
Get PDFThis research analyzes the exports of wine companies in the Valle de Guadalupe region in the State of Baja California, Mexico. The objective is to determine the factors that induce strategic decision making to achieve a high-performance level of productive capacity. The hypothesis suggests that production, technological innovation, and competitiveness are the factors that favor the exports of these wine companies. For the statistical analysis, Partial Least Squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) is used, including the evaluation of the out-of-sample predictive power by means of PLS predict. The methodology used includes a qualitative analysis of the current situation on the subject and a quantitative study of data obtained by applying a 41-item instrument to ninety-two companies. The main findings show that the variable that presents a higher degree of association is competitiveness and the variable that presents a lower degree is production. Another finding is that there is a need to strengthen collaborative projects with a Cluster Approach, in which the collaboration network between these companies, government agencies, wine associations and educational institutions must be actively involved. The main strategies proposed are three: the first in relation to competitiveness is to improve operational planning to increase productivity. The second is to achieve a more competitive price by purchasing supplies collaboratively between companies; the existing common bond and business cooperation will allow exports to increase. The third is to manage a greater participation of the government, in terms of financing and support, investment in highway infrastructure, reduction of taxes on this item and the sustainable administration of the State's water resources