TU Wien Research Data
Not a member yet
512 research outputs found
Sort by
Study data for "Accounting for seasonal retrieval errors in the merging of multi-sensor satellite soil moisture products"
No full text<p>This data repository contains the accompanying data for the study by Stradiotti et al. (2025). Developed as part of the ESA Climate Change Initiative (CCI) Soil Moisture project. Project website: <a href="https://climate.esa.int/en/projects/soil-moisture/">https://climate.esa.int/en/projects/soil-moisture/</a></p>
<h2>Journal Article (Open Access)</h2>
<p>This dataset was created as part of the following study, which contains a description of the algorithm and validation results.</p>
<blockquote>
<p><em>Stradiotti, P., Gruber, A., Preimesberger, W., & Dorigo, W. (2025). Accounting for seasonal retrieval errors in the merging of multi-sensor satellite soil moisture products. Science of Remote Sensing, 12, 100242. </em><a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srs.2025.100242" target="_new" rel="noopener"><em>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srs.2025.100242</em></a></p>
</blockquote>
<h2>Summary</h2>
<p>This repository contains the final, merged soil moisture and uncertainty values from Stradiotti et al. (2025), derived using a novel uncertainty quantification and merging scheme. In the accompanying study, we present a method to quantify the seasonal component of satellite soil moisture observations, based on Triple Collocation Analysis. Data from three independent satellite missions are used (from ASCAT, AMSR2, and SMAP). We observe consistent intra-annual variations in measurement uncertainties across all products (primarily caused by dynamics on the land surface such as seasonal vegetation changes), which affect the quality of the received signals. We then use these estimates to merge data from the three missions into a single consistent record, following the approach described by <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.07.001">Dorigo et al. (2017)</a>. The new (seasonal) uncertainty estimates are propagated through the merging scheme, to enhance the uncertainty characterization of the final merged product provided here. </p>
<p>Evaluation against in situ data suggests that the estimated uncertainties of the new product are more representative of their true seasonal behaviour, compared to the previously used static approach. Based on these findings, we conclude that using a seasonal TCA approach can provide a more realistic characterization of dataset uncertainty, in particular its temporal variation. However, improvements in the merged soil moisture values are constrained, primarily due to correlated uncertainties among the sensors.</p>
<h2>Technical details</h2>
<p>The dataset provides global daily gridded soil moisture estimates for the 2012-2023 period at 0.25° (~25 km) resolution. Daily images are grouped by year (YYYY), each subdirectory containing one netCDF image file for a specific day (DD), month (MM) in a 2-dimensional (longitude, latitude) grid system (CRS: WGS84). All file names follow the naming convention:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>L3S-SSMS-MERGED-SOILMOISTURE-YYYYMMDD000000-fv0.1.nc</p>
</blockquote>
<h3>Data Variables</h3>
<p>Each netCDF file contains 3 coordinate variables (WGS84 longitude, latitude and time stamp), as well as the following data variables:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>sm</strong>: (float) The Soil Moisture variable contains the daily average volumetric soil moisture content (m3/m3) in the soil surface layer (~0-5 cm) over a whole grid cell (0.25 degree). Based on (merged) observations from ASCAT, AMSR2 and SMAP using the new merging scheme described in our study.</li>
<li><strong>sm_uncertainty</strong>: (float) The Soil Moisture Uncertainty variable contains the uncertainty estimates (random error) for the ‘sm’ field. Based on the uncertainty estimation and propagation scheme described in our study. </li>
<li><strong>dnflag</strong>: (int) Indicator for satellite orbit(s) used in the retrieval (day/nighttime). 1=day, 2=night, 3=both</li>
<li><strong>flag</strong>: (int) Indicator for data quality / missing data indicator. For more details, see netcdf attributes.</li>
<li><strong>freqbandID</strong>: (int) Indicator for frequency band(s) used in the retrieval. For more details, see netcdf attributes.</li>
<li><strong>mode</strong>: (int) Indicator for satellite orbit(s) used in the retrieval (ascending, descending)</li>
<li><strong>sensor</strong>: (int) Indicator for satellite sensor(s) used in the retrieval. For more details, see netcdf attributes.</li>
<li><strong>t0</strong>: (float) Representative time stamp, based on overpass times of all merged satellites.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Software to open netCDF files</h3>
<p>After extracting the .nc files from the downloaded zip archived, they can read by any software that supports Climate and Forecast (CF) standard conform netCDF files, such as:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://github.com/pydata/xarray">Xarray</a> (python)</li>
<li><a href="https://unidata.github.io/netcdf4-python/">netCDF4</a> (python)</li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/TUW-GEO/esa_cci_sm">esa_cci_sm</a> (python)</li>
<li>Similar tools exists for other programming languages (Matlab, R, etc.)</li>
<li>GIS and netCDF tools such as <a href="https://code.mpimet.mpg.de/projects/cdo">CDO</a>, <a href="http://nco.sourceforge.net/">NCO</a>, <a href="https://www.qgis.org/">QGIS</a>, ArCGIS.</li>
<li>You can also use the GUI software <a href="https://www.giss.nasa.gov/tools/panoply/">Panoply</a> to view the contents of each file</li>
</ul>
<h2>Funding</h2>
<p>This dataset was produced with funding from the European Space Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI) Plus Soil Moisture Project (CCN 3 to ESRIN Contract No: 4000126684/19/I-NB "ESA CCI+ Phase 1 New R&D on CCI ECVS Soil Moisture"). Project website: <a href="https://climate.esa.int/en/projects/soil-moisture/">https://climate.esa.int/en/projects/soil-moisture/</a></p>
Pielach River research dataset October 2024 - Mapping shallow inland running waters with UAV-borne photo and laser bathymetry
No full text<p><strong>About the dataset:</strong></p>
<p>The data provided in this repository contains laser scans, a water surface model, images, and reference points acquired on Oct, 24-25, 2024 at the Pielach River (Lower Austria). The data consists of UAV-borne topographic and topo-bathymetric 3D LiDAR point clouds, control and check points captured via terrestrial survey with a total station and RTK-GNSS, and UAV-images. The laser point clouds are fully processed for a subset of the entire dataset and provided in standard LAZ file format. In addition, the full LiDAR point clouds of the individual flight strips are provided in as raw point clouds (geo-references, unclassified, no refraction correction for underwater points). Furthermore, the dataset contains UAV nadir and oblique images stored in JPG format.</p>
<h3>Context and methodology</h3>
<ul>
<li>Research domain: Environmental sciences, Hydrography, Terrain Mapping</li>
<li>The data set is intended as a benchmark for optical hydrography based on images and laser scans.</li>
<li>Ground truth data is available in form of terrestrially measured reference points on land and under water.</li>
<li>The data was collected between October 24-25, 2025 at the Pielach River near Loosdorf, Austria.</li>
<li>All images and laser scans were acquired with Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles (UAV) as carrier platforms.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Technical details</h3>
<ul>
<li>The laser scan data are stored LAS/LAZ format as geo-referenced 3D point clouds. Both post-processed and original strip data are available.</li>
<li>The image data are stored in JPG format and contain (i) nadir and oblique images, (ii) stereo image sequences, (iii) synchronized stereo oblique images. </li>
<li>The water surface of the Pielach river is provided in GeoTIFF format.</li>
<li>Reference data are stored as 3D points in ASCII (cvs) format. Reference points are available both on land and under water.</li>
<li>The data are provided in 11 subfolders: laser scans (4), water surface model (1), reference points (3), images (3). Each folder contains a separate readme.txt file with further information of the folder's content</li>
<li>The following software was used for processing the data:
<ul>
<li><em>RIEGL</em> RiPROCESS (manufacturer's software, laser data pre-processing) </li>
<li>OPALS (Orientation and Processing of Airborne Laser Scanning data) developed at TU Wien</li>
<li>CloudCompare (visualization/editing of 3D point clouds)</li>
<li>Pix4Dsurvey (point cloud labelling)</li>
<li>Agisoft Metashape, Pix4D Mapper, ESRI/nFrames SURE (image data processing)</li>
<li>Nerfstudio </li>
<li>proprietary research software developed in MATLAB and, Python</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Corresponding article:</strong></p>
<p>Details concerning the study area the sensors used and the data processing can be found in:</p>
<p>Mandlburger et al., 2025: Mapping shallow inland running waters with UAV-borne photo and laser bathymetry - The Pielach River showcase. Journal of Applied Hydrography, 130(06) 42-55, DOI: 10.23784/HN130-06.</p>
ARI&Snet - Austrian Research Information & Service Network
Get PDF<p>Poster zu ARI&Snet - Austrian Research Information & Service Network im Zuge des Veranstaltung Expo 2025 des Cluster Forschungsdaten am 16.01.2025 an der TU Wien.</p>
Data repository for the manuscript "Superconducting phase diagram of finite-layer nickelates Ndn+1NinO2n+2"
No full text<p><strong>This repository contains the data behind the manuscript</strong></p>
<p><strong> Superconducting phase diagram of finite-layer nickelates Ndn+1NinO2n+2</strong><br><strong><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.12144"> https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.12144</a>.</strong></p>
<p> </p>
<p>The superconducting critical temperature Tc is calculated vs. the number of layers n in Ndn+1NinO2n+2. We start with density functional theory, and include local correlations non-perturbatively by dynamical mean-field theory for n=2 to 7. We finally calculate Tc for the single-orbital Hubbard model by dynamical vertex approximation</p>
<p><br>The following programs have been used to create the data, cf. the manuscript for further information:<br>DFT: VASP version 6.3.0 (<a href="https://www.vasp.at/" target="_self" rel="noopener">https://www.vasp.at</a>) , Wannier90 version 3.1.0 (<a href="https://wannier.org/" target="_self" rel="noopener">https://wannier.org</a>)<br>DMFT: w2dynamics (<a href="https://github.com/w2dynamics">https://github.com/w2dynamics</a>), ana_cont version 1.1.2 (<a href="https://github.com/josefkaufmann/ana_cont">https://github.com/josefkaufmann/ana_cont</a>)</p>
<p><br>DFT and Wannier projection data can be found in nickelates_dft_data.tar.gz<br>DMFT runs can be found in nickelates_dmft_runs.tar.gz<br>The analytically continued DMFT spectra can be found in nickelates_dmft_spectra.tar.gz<br>The DMFT occupations and plot scripts for Fig. 5 can be found in occupations_data.tar.gz.<br>DGA data and plotting scripts can be found DGAresult250413.zip</p>
<p>Python plotting scripts use numpy Version: 1.26.3 and matplotlib Version: 3.8.0</p>
<p>Data are under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence; plotting scripts are under GNU GPLv3 licence.</p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
3D models of functional microstructures in Corethron criophilum created from reference images
No full text<h2>3D models of functional microstructures in Corethron criophilum created from reference images</h2>
<p>Created for the bachelor thesis "<strong>Lessons from 3D printing of the polar diatom <em>Corethron criophilum</em></strong>" by Kevin Opelt</p>
<h2>Context and methodology</h2>
<p><em>Corethron criophilum </em>is a species of Diatom of cosmopolitan distribution, but especially common in waters around Antarctica. <br>Unique to the <em>Corethron </em>genus, its glass-like shell contains a complicated arrangement of hooks and spines on microscopic hinges.</p>
<p>Replicas of several microstructures were sculpted for 3D printing for the purposes of illustration and experimentation.<br>Models were created using a multitude of reference pictures from existing literature, modelled in the software Blender 3D, to be printed on an FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling) 3D printer.</p>
<p>Created as part of the Bachelor's Thesis of Kevin Opelt (Reg. Num. 01626491); <br>BAC thesis advisor: Associate Prof. Dipl.-Ing.in Dr.in techn. Ilse-Christine Gebeshuber</p>
<h2>Technical details</h2>
<p>The data consists of two stereolithography (.stl) files intended for 3D printing, "joint.stl" and "hook.stl", as well as "readme.txt". <br>Two images of the assembled prints are also provided, "joint_print.png" and "hook_print.png".</p>
<h3>joint.stl</h3>
<p>joint.stl recreates the joint connecting spines to the valve, specifically the one found in the "barbed spine" or "1-spine" valve. <br>The joint consists of several separate meshes:</p>
<ul>
<li>Valve rim, a 1/14th segment of the circular valve rim including one socket. </li>
<li>Spine base, part of a barbed spine focused on the joint, its length cutting off at an abitrary point. It fits into the socket in a way that it cannot be removed once assembled.</li>
<li>Spine barbs, a series of several small spikes attached to the spine. While sculpted as a separate mesh for simplicity, they overlap and should be printed as part of the spine base.</li>
<li>Unknown structure, a mysterious structure slotting into the top of the joint that no literature known to the author references. The model consists of the T-shaped outside only, cutting off as it enters the joint due to lack of data.</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Scale: </strong><br>Note that the scale of digital models can vary depending on software used to interpret them.<br>The model was designed for the valve segment to be 5cm wide, resulting in an approx. 10,500:1 (10,475:1) scale if printed at this size. <br>At this scale the joint has more than 0.3 mm of clearance, and as such could likely be scaled down while preserving functionality.</p>
<p><strong>Suggested print orientation: </strong><br>Rim and spine can be printed with minimal supports by splitting them along their symmetry plane and assembling them post-print; Spine placed on the cut, rim placed on the outer edges of the circle segment opposite to the cut, with supports under the socket hemisphere. <br>Print-in-place is not recommended due to complexity (curved surfaces on the contact points). <br>Unknown structure is designed to be printed upright with the cutoff as the base, with supports supporting the arms.</p>
<h3>hook.stl</h3>
<p>hook.stl recreates the hook at the end of the shorter spines in the "hooked spine" or "2-spine" valve. It is designed to be mounted on a wire in replacement of the spine, and thus has a socket added along its length that does not correspond to real structures. <br>Both chiralities occur in real samples, usually grouped; The file only represents one chirality, as it can easily be mirrored before slicing.</p>
<p><strong>Scale: </strong><br>Note that the scale of digital models can vary depending on software used to interpret them.<br>The model was designed for 1 mm wall thickness / 4cm length, resulting in an approx. 2,500:1 (2550:1) scale if printed at that scale. This scale should fit a 0.8 mm wire, depending on printer accuracy. <br>Printing at smaller scales is not recommended when using an FDM printer; larger scales may need some supports.</p>
<p><strong>Suggested print orientation:</strong><br>The long edge has a flattened section designed to be attached to the print bed. Slicing a 0.1 mm layer off can guarantee a perfect attachment plane if needed. A raft should be added to prevent tipping, but no further supports should be necessary. Ideally, some prints should be mirrored in the slicer.</p>
<h3>readme.txt </h3>
<p>Replicates this scale, print and source information for quick reference.</p>
<h2>Reference Image Sources</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<p>"The Diatoms" by R. M. Crawford, F. E. Round and D. G. Mann <br>(Cambridge University Press, 2007, ISBN 978-0-521-71469-3)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>"Investigating the click-stop mechanism in the diatom <em>Corethron criophilum, </em>optical and electron microscopy as well as micro-manipulation" by<em> </em>Matthias Schreitl and Matthias Willensdorfer, supervised by I. C. Gebeshuber <br>(Project Works at TU Wien, 2008)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>"Micromechanics in biogenic hydrated silica: Hinges and interlocking devices in diatoms" by I. C. Gebeshuber and R. M. Crawford <br>(Proceedings of the IMechE, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology, Volume 220, Issue 8, 2006); DOI: 10.1243/13506501JET163</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>"The spines of the centric diatom <em>Corethron criophilum</em>: Light microscopy of vegetative cell division" Richard M. Crawford and Friedel Hinz <br>(European Journal of Phycology, Volume 30, Issue 2, 1994); DOI: 10.1080/09670269500650861</p>
</li>
<li>"Mikroskopie als Hobby: <em>Corethron pennatum</em> (Grunow)" uploaded by Dipl. Ing. Peter Höbel (Uploaded July 2010); http://www.mikroskopie-ph.de/index-Corethron-3.html, accessed 25.02.2025</li>
</ul>
Raw and processed data for Publication Sensor-integrated gut-on-a-chip for Monitoring senescence-mediated changes in the intestinal barrier
No full text<p>Raw and processed data for Publication Sensor-integrated gut-on-a-chip for Monitoring senescence-mediated changes in the intestinal barrier, DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/d4lc00896k">10.1039/d4lc00896k</a></p>
<p>The Folders correspond to the raw and processed data visualized in the figures of the main article and the supporting Information.</p>
<h2>Structure</h2>
<p>The Folder structure is organized based on the figures in the publication and contains:<br>- Impedance measurments and processed data stored as .txt, .xlsx and .prism files<br>- Plate Reader Export files as .csv<br>- FITC Diffusion data processed and stored as .xlsx and .pzfx (<a href="https://www.graphpad.com/">GraphPad</a>) files.<br>- Flourescence Imaging data stored as .tiff files<br>- Cell size distributions as .jpg and .xlsx files<br>- RT-qPCR raw files (melting curves, Ct values, run parameters) and processing data as .xls and .prism files</p>
<p>In the subfolders where additional explanation of the dataset is required .txt files are added</p>
<h3>Remarks</h3>
<p>The PDF documents are additionally included in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/A">PDF/A</a> format.<br>The PRISM and PZFX files can be viewed with the <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/GraphPad_Software#GraphPad_Prism">GraphPad Prism</a> software.<br>The Python script was tested with Python 3.12, the dependencies are listed in <code>requirements.txt</code>.</p>
<h2>Licenses</h2>
<p>The data is licensed under CC-BY, the code is licensed under MIT.</p><p>The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease among the elderly has significantly risen in recent years, posing a growing socioeconomic burden to aging societies.<br>Moreover, non-gastrointestinal diseases, also prevalent in this demographic, have been linked to intestinal barrier dysfunction, thus highlighting the importance of investigating aged-mediated changes within the human gut.<br>While gastrointestinal pathology often involves an impaired gut barrier, the impact of aging on the human gastrointestinal barrier function remains unclear.<br>To explore the effect of senescence, a key hallmark of aging, on gut barrier integrity, we established and evaluated an <em>in vitro</em> gut-on-a-chip model tailored to investigate barrier changes by the integration of an impedance sensor.<br>Here, a microfluidic gut-on-a-chip system containing integrated membrane-based electrode microarrays is used to non-invasively monitor epithelial barrier formation and senescence-mediated changes in barrier integrity upon treating Caco-2 cells with 0.8 μg mL^−1 doxorubicin (DXR), a chemotherapeutic which induces cell cycle arrest.<br>Results of our microfluidic human gut model reveal a DXR-mediated increase in impedance and cell hypertrophy as well as overexpression of p21, and CCL2, indicative of a senescent phenotype.<br>Combined with the integrated electrodes, monitoring ∼57% of the cultivation area <em>in situ</em> and non-invasively, the developed chip-based senescent-gut model is ideally suited to study age-related malfunctions in barrier integrity.</p>
[Calata] (A-Wn_Mus.Hs._18688_n13) Audio recording
No full text<h1>Audio recording of a lute piece from the E-LAUTE project</h1><h2>Overview</h2><p>This dataset contains an audio recording of the piece "[Calata]", a 16th century lute music piece originally notated in lute tablature, created as part of the E-LAUTE project (<a href="https://e-laute.info/">https://e-laute.info/</a>). The recording preserves and makes historical lute music from the German-speaking regions during 1450-1550 accessible.</p><p>The recording is based on the work with the title "[Calata]" and the id "A-Wn_Mus.Hs._18688_n13" in the e-lautedb. It is found on the page(s) or folio(s) 10r in the source "[Lautentabulatur des Stephan Craus]" with the source-id "A-Wn_Mus.Hs._18688".</p><p>The original source and multiple transcriptions of the work can be found on the E-LAUTE platform: <a href="https://edition.onb.ac.at/fedora/objects/o:lau.A-Wn_Mus.Hs._18688/methods/sdef:TEI/get?mode=n13" target="_blank">https://edition.onb.ac.at/fedora/objects/o:lau.A-Wn_Mus.Hs._18688/methods/sdef:TEI/get?mode=n13</a>.</p><p>Links to the source: <a href="http://data.onb.ac.at/rec/AC14316391" target="_blank">http://data.onb.ac.at/rec/AC14316391</a>, <a href="https://rism.online/sources/600141880" target="_blank">https://rism.online/sources/600141880</a>, .</p><h2>Dataset Contents</h2><p>This dataset includes:</p><ul><li><strong>Audio file</strong>: An audio recording of the lute piece in .wav format</li> <li><strong>Metadata file</strong>: A metadata file with detailed information about the recording in .json format</li></ul><h2>About the E-LAUTE Project</h2><p><strong>E-LAUTE: Electronic Linked Annotated Unified Tablature Edition - The Lute in the German-Speaking Area 1450-1550</strong></p><p>The E-LAUTE project creates innovative digital editions of lute tablatures from the German-speaking area between 1450 and 1550. This interdisciplinary "open knowledge platform" combines musicology, music practice, music informatics, and literary studies to transform traditional editions into collaborative research spaces.</p><p>For more information, visit the project website: <a href="https://e-laute.info/">https://e-laute.info/</a></p>
LongEval 2024 Test Collection
No full text<p>The collection consists of queries and documents provided by the Qwant search Engine (https://www.qwant.com). The queries, which were issued by the users of Qwant, are based on the selected trending topics. The documents in the collection were selected with respect to these queries using the Qwant click model. Apart from the documents selected using this model, the collection also contains randomly selected documents from the Qwant index. All the data was collected over June 2023 and August 2023. In total, the collection contains 1,925 test queries. The set of documents consist of 4,321,642 downloaded, cleaned and filtered Web Pages. Apart from their original French versions, the collection also contains translations of the webpages and queries into English. The collection serves as the official test collection for the 2024 LongEval Information Retrieval Lab (https://clef-longeval.github.io/) organised at CLEF.</p>
<p>The data is released under the <a href="https://lindat.mff.cuni.cz/repository/xmlui/page/Qwant_LongEval_BY-NC-SA_License">Qwant LongEval Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License.</a></p>
<p>This version includes the topics (questions) that have been used in the LongEval 2024 Lab and their qrels.</p>
Auxiliary data for "Fluorescent aerosol particles in the Finnish sub-Arctic during the Pallas Cloud Experiment 2022 campaign"
No full text<p><span lang="EN-US">This data set contains auxiliary data for the publication “<strong>Fluorescent aerosol particles in the Finnish sub-Arctic during the Pallas Cloud Experiment 2022 campaign” in Earth System Science Data.</strong></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">Wind speed and wind direction were recorded at Sammaltunturi Station (67.9733°N 24.1157°E) at 564 m above sea level in the Pallas Atmosphere-Ecosystem Supersite in the sub-Arctic region of Finnish Lapland.</span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">Snow depth was recorded at the Kenttärova research station (67.9873°N 24.242983°E, approximately 5.5 km east of Sammaltunturi). </span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">Data were downloaded from the data download center of the Finnish Meteorological Institute (<a href="https://en.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/download-observations">https://en.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/download-observations</a>, latest access: 12.08.2025). (</span><span>Finnish Meteorological Institute open data, [</span><span>meteorological observations])</span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">The Sammaltunturi station is equipped with a Vaisala Milos 500 automatic weather station. The wind speed was measured with a heated cup anemometer and the wind direction with a heated wind vane.</span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">The variables are:</span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">“start time (UTC)”: The starting time of the one hour mean value of wind speed and wind direction in dd.mm.yyyy hh.mm in UTC.</span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">“wind direction (deg)”: wind direction in degrees</span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">“wind speed (m/s)”: wind speed in m/s</span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">“date (UTC)”: The date of snow depth measurement (at 6:00 am UTC) in dd.mm.yyyy</span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">“snow depth (cm)”: the snow depth (+/- 2 cm) in cm. </span></p>