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Fotokatalizovano uklanjanje katjonske boje iz otpadnih voda tekstilne industrije
No full textУ овом раду, извршена је разградња боје метил љубичасте из воденог раствора при-
меном фотокатализованих реакција. У ту сврху, коришћен је ZnO као фотокатализатор, а све
реакције су вршене под дејством зрачења лампе која имитира Сунчево зрачење. Испитан је
утицај концентрације фотокатализатора на ефикасност процеса, као и дистанца УВ лампе од
раствора. Кинетика деградације је праћена путем УВ-Вид спектрофотометрије. Смањење кон-
центрације катјонске боје је праћено на таласној дужини од 580 nm. Проценат разградње боје
био је преко 90% након 2 h реакције. Прелиминарни тестови су показали да преложени систем
поседује могућност потенцијалне примене у одређеним индустријским системима за третман
отпадних вода
The effect of the free energy change on crystallization in Lithium-germanate glass
No full textThis paper presents the effect of free energy change on crystallization studied by the analysis of nucleation behaviour in lithium-germanophosphate glass with content of 8.6 Al2O3 (wt%). It was shown that approximation where the heat capacities of liquid and crystalline phases are the same for this glass, is not enough reliable. To calculate ∆G, the determination of ∆Cp is necessary
Tree leaf biochar as potential adsorbent for lead ion removal from aqueous solution
No full textIndustrial wastewater is a type of environmental pollution and, in the 21st century, is one of the major
problems for humanity and nature. Lead is a metal that negatively impacts the environment and human
health. Therefore, great attention has been paid to removing this metal from waste effluents generated
during mining activities and various industrial processes. Adsorption technology is a powerful tool for the
removal of pollutants from wastewater. During past years, there has been an increase in the use of plant
waste and its products for this application. In this study, Paulownia tree leaves (PL) were structurally
changed by the pyrolysis process and converted to biochar (PLB), which was used as a Pb ion adsorbent.
The obtained material was characterized via FTIR and SEM-EDX analysis before and after Pb ion removal.
The results of the FTIR analysis showed differences in the intensity of the surface functional groups,
especially the aromatic and oxygen functional groups. These changes confirm that behind ion exchange,
the complexation, and/or cation-π electron interaction done too. The SEM-EDX also showed changes in
the surface structure and elemental content. The surface exhibited newly formed cracks and pores during
Pb ion adsorption. Also, the EDX confirmed that the percentages of O, N, K, Mg, and Ca decreased while
the lead content increased significantly. The summarized results from this work revealed that leaves from
trees are valuable biomass for sustainable biochar production, supporting waste valorization, and
contributing to pollution control efforts, making them suitable for adsorption of metal ions
Legislative impact on bioclimatic architecture in the European Union: current status in Serbia
No full textThe goal of this paper is to underscore the importance of synergizing legal norms,
energy standards and urban planning strategies to advance the principles of bioclimatic
architecture for its broader practical application. Contemporary climate changes and the
growing imperative to preserve the environment, inevitably calls for a paradigm shift in
construction and architectural practices. Bioclimatic architecture constitutes one of the
key approaches in achieving energy efficiency and sustainable construction. It involves
designing buildings that are intrinsically responsive to the prevailing natural environment
encompassing local climate, topography and other ecological parameters in order to
minimize the ecological footprint. For the successful promotion of bioclimatic principles, it
must be codified within a nation’s regulatory framework. The term bioclimatic architecture
does not explicitly appear in legal documents, but its fundamental principles as passive
solar optimization, using renewable energy sources, natural ventilation, and the
adaptation of buildings to local climatic conditions are inherent in legal regulations.
Therefore, particular attention will be devoted to Directives 2010/31 and 2024/1275 of the
European Union, along with the statutory regulations of the Republic of Serbia, as well as
the current state of bioclimatic architecture in practice
Uklanjanje jona teških metala iz vodenih rastvora pomoću ugljeničnih materijala dobijenih iz otpadne biomase
No full textУ овом раду испитивана је адсорпциона способност модификованог синтетског β-
зеолита за уклањање јона тешких метала, цинка (Zn²⁺) и кадмијума (Cd²⁺), из водених раствора.
У циљу побољшања површинских карактеристика и повећања броја активних места за везивање
металних јона, β-зеолит је функционализован (3-аминопропил)триетоксисиланом (АПТЕС).
Резултати експеримената указују на значајно побољшање адсорпционих капацитета модифи-
кованог материјала – са 17,5 на 38,7 mg/g за Zn²⁺, и са 21,2 на 59,3 mg/g за Cd²⁺. Кинетичка
анализа показује да процес адсорпције прати кинетички модел псеудо-другог реда (R² > 0,99),
што сугерише да хемисорпција представља доминантни механизам везивања јона метала на
функционализованој површини адсорбента
Enhancing utilization of municipal solid waste bottom ash by the stabilization of heavy metals
No full textWaste-to-energy (WtE) is a key part of modern waste management. In the European Union, approximately 500 WtE plants process more than 100 million tons of waste yearly, while globally, more than 2700 plants handle over 500 million tons. Roughly 20% of the waste processed is bottom ash (BA). However, this ash can contain heavy metals in concentrations that may render it hazardous. This paper presents a study focusing on stabilizing municipal solid waste incineration BA using simple and industrially viable treatments. The Slovenian WtE plant operator wishes to install the stabilization process; thus, the samples obtained from the plant were treated (1) with a CO2 gas flow, (2) with water spraying, and (3) with a combination of water spraying and a CO2 gas flow under laboratory conditions. Thermodynamic calculations were applied to define potential reactions during the treatment processes in the temperature range from 0 to 100 °C and to define the equilibrium composition of the treated ash with additions of CO2 and water. The standard leaching test EN 12457-4 of treated ash shows a reduction of over 40% in barium concentration and over 30% in lead concentration in leachates
AI-driven resource efficiency balancing opportunities and constraints in mining
No full textThe mining industry is facing a transformation driven by critical mineral demand,
environmental regulations, and efficiency requirements. This paper examines the integration of
artificial intelligence (AI) across the mining value chain, encompassing geological exploration,
extraction, transportation, processing, and predictive maintenance. Analysis of industry case studies
and regulatory frameworks demonstrates substantial AI benefits: 15-30% productivity increases,
enhanced worker safety through autonomous systems, and up to 25% CO₂ emission reductions via
optimized energy management. Key applications include AI-driven 3D geological mapping, which
reduces exploration drilling by 30%, autonomous transportation, achieving zero fatigue-related
incidents, and predictive maintenance, which decreases unplanned downtime by 30%. However,
implementation challenges include high infrastructure costs, increased demands for critical minerals
and energy, compliance with the EU AI Act (2024), skills gaps, and cybersecurity vulnerabilities.
European regulatory frameworks, including the AI Act, GDPR, and Corporate Sustainability
Reporting Directive, establish stringent requirements for transparency, data protection, and
environmental benefits. AI offers transformative potential for sustainable mining, but successful
implementation requires balancing economic, environmental, and social considerations with lifecycle
assessment confirmation of net-positive sustainability impacts. AI integration in conventional
mining and waste recovery represents a vital component of sustainable resource strategy. However,
full value realization depends on ethically grounded, regulatory-compliant applications that
prioritize social justice alongside economic objectives
Application of MIPAR Software in the Quantitative Analysis of Corroded Surfaces
No full textCorrosion is a common failure mechanism in steel and its structural components, often compromising their mechanical integrity and service life. One widely used method of protection is the application of functional coatings (organic, inorganic, or hybrid) that are tailored to perform specific roles under various environmental conditions. This study investigates the use of MIPAR, a powerful image analysis software, in the quantitative evaluation of corroded surfaces to assess the performance of such coatings. Composite coatings were prepared by incorporating 5 wt.% of polyaniline into a commercial alkyd-based paint and applied onto carbon steel substrates. The polyaniline emeraldine salt was synthesized following the IUPAC-recommended procedure, involving deprotonation with ammonium hydroxide and subsequent reprotonation with sulfamic, succinic, citric, and acetic acids. The base coating and four composite coatings were then exposed to a corrosive environment (3% NaCl solution), and surface degradation was monitored through digital imaging. MIPAR analysis was employed to quantify surface corrosion coverage, enabling a detailed evaluation of coating performance and corrosion progression. This approach demonstrates how digital image analysis enhances the accuracy and efficiency of corrosion studies by providing measurable, reproducible data on coating performance. The results highlight the potential of integrating digital imaging and advanced software tools like MIPAR in the development of next-generation functional coatings, including those with self-healing properties. Furthermore, future applications of MIPAR may involve leveraging its machine learning capabilities and multi-layer imaging to analyze complex coating systems, corroded and healed surfaces. This integration can significantly streamline research workflows and accelerate the discovery of more effective corrosion protection technologies
Investigation of the impact of the magnetic separation technique on the recovery of non-ferrous metals from Pb-Zn smelter slag
No full textThis study offers new approach to the non-ferrous metals’ concentration from Pb-Zn slag using a magnetic separation. This technology is more ecological than conventional processes, therefore it may have a substantial influence on the progress of metallurgical slag beneficiation techniques. Physicochemical and mineralogical investigations indicated that Pb-Zn slag is an inhomogeneous with considerable Pb, Zn, Cu, and Ag amounts. Experiments showed that the separated magnetic fraction includes unequal quantities of arsenic, preventing the output from being commercial. Arsenic content was 0.3-32%. Optical and scanning electron microscopy with EDS determined if arsenic can be liberated or easily leached from the resulting material. It was discovered that arsenic is mainly fused with iron-bearing minerals, which are predominantly trapped within amorphous alumino-silicates or intergrowths of alloy grains and glassy phases. This indicates that the produced iron concentrate is viable as a commercial product and in compliance with circularity principles and Green Agenda
Environmental Impact of Recycling in Republic of Serbia
No full textThe aim of this paper was to present the importance of knowing the basic elements of waste management. Environmental concerns are increasing nowadays. One of the biggest issues of modern society is dedicated to problems with waste. Generation, collection, separation, transport, and treatment or disposal are the main steps of waste management. Because of the variety of the waste, choosing an appropriate solid waste treatment method is difficult. An inadequate municipal solid waste management system may result in infectious illnesses, contaminated land and water, clogged drains, and a decline in biodiversity. In the Republic of Serbia, in 2023., 7.84 Mt of waste was generated. Waste management is one of the crucial aspects of a proper circular economy which leads to further sustainability of society